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Scripture: 1 Samuel
Scripture: 1 Samuel 29:1-11
A. Background from 1 Samuel 27: David flees Saul and enters the service of Achish, king of Gath
B. The impossible corner: David is expected to fight Israel alongside the Philistines
A. The Philistine commanders object to David's presence (1 Samuel 29:3-5)
B. Achish is forced to dismiss David, and David keeps up appearances (1 Samuel 29:6-10)
C. God's strange and mysterious providence delivers David through his enemies' own opposition
A. Achish acts as David's unlikely mediator and advocate before the Philistine lords
B. This episode belongs to a major redemptive-historical theme: God carries out his purposes through his servants gaining favor with enemies
C. This theme carries into the New Testament
D. Christ himself is the supreme example — he did not come to destroy his enemies but to save them
A. The 600 men with David represent the posture of the believer — they are not the heroes, but their quiet nearness to David is instructive
B. Parallel with the disciples of Jesus in John 6:67-68
C. It is better to be a fool near Christ than a fool apart from him
D. The ultimate question of Romans 5:12-21: are you in the camp of Adam or the camp of Christ?
Scripture: Hosea 1
Scripture: Hosea 1:2–2:1
A. The call to marry an unfaithful woman (Hosea 1:2–3)
B. The human problem of unfaithfulness (Hosea 4:1–2)
C. The three children as pictures of broken relationship (Hosea 1:4–9)
A. The Lord's promise to rescue (Hosea 1:7)
B. The Lord's promise to restore covenant bonds (Hosea 1:10–2:1)
Scripture: 1 Corinthians 15:3–8
Scripture: Genesis 2:5–7, 16–17
A. God formed man from dust, breathed life into him, and man became a living creature — created for life, not death
B. Death is a foreign enemy, not a natural reality
C. Jesus Christ, the sinless Last Adam, cannot remain in the tomb
D. The empty tomb is the yes and amen to every image-bearer's longing for life — the cry of Christian in Pilgrim's Progress: "Life! Life! Eternal life!"
Scripture: Ecclesiastes 1:12–14
A. Solomon, having experienced every pleasure and accomplishment, concludes: "All is vanity" — hebel (vapor, mist)
B. Augustine: "Our hearts are restless until they find their rest in God" — without resurrection, we chase counterfeit gods that cannot satisfy
C. The New Testament speaks of resurrection in past and present tenses, not only future
D. Contrast: life under the sun without resurrection vs. life under the sun with resurrection
Scripture: 1 Corinthians 15:3–8
A. Paul says Christ's death and resurrection occurred "in accordance with the Scriptures" — not one prophet but all of Scripture pants and longs for resurrection
B. On the Emmaus road (Luke 24), Jesus opens all the Old Testament Scriptures to show they point to his person and work
C. The whole life of Israel in the Old Testament is temporary, longing for the permanent
D. Every Scripture passage is essentially saying: "We were made for resurrection, and our heart is restless until it finds its rest in the resurrected Christ"
E. Conclusion: without the resurrection, humanity is destined for dust; life is meaningless vapor; and Scripture itself becomes vapor — but Christ is risen, and by faith in him the believer receives permanent life, now and forevermore, as also evidenced by the eyewitness appearances listed in 1 Corinthians 15:5–8 — to Cephas, to the Twelve, to five hundred brothers, to James, to all the apostles, and to Paul himself
Scripture: Hosea 1:1
A. Historical Background: The Divided Monarchy
B. Hosea: The Deathbed Prophet
C. The Jehu Dynasty and Its Prosperity
D. God's Warning Against Prosperity Leading to Idolatry
E. Israel's Liturgical Life as a Guard Against Complacency
F. Application: The Liturgical Pattern of Your Life
A. Hosea's Marriage to Gomer as Symbol
B. Yahweh's Jealousy for His People
A. The Prophet as Both Covenant Prosecutor and Mouthpiece of Yahweh
B. Yet God Always Promises Covenant Faithfulness
C. Application: Hosea as Comfort for Sinners
Scripture: John 12:12-19
Scripture: John 12:12-19
A. The crowd's cry of "Hosanna" comes from Psalm 118:25-26, part of the Hallel Psalms (Psalm 113–118), sung at major festivals including Passover
B. The connection to Passover is theologically significant
C. Christ is the true Passover Lamb; the cup of wrath was not passed over him so that it might be passed over us
A. The second Old Testament reference in the passage is Zechariah 9:9, already read in the service — the king comes on a donkey, not a war horse, and comes to take the war horse away from Jerusalem
B. Palm branches carried nationalistic, militaristic symbolism in first-century Israel
C. The donkey is rooted in earlier Old Testament prophecy
D. Even the disciples did not understand until Christ was glorified (John 12:16)
A. The massive crowd that welcomed Jesus was drawn largely by the raising of Lazarus — the seventh and climactic sign in John's Gospel
B. The same crowd that shouted "Hosanna" would shout "Crucify him" five days later
C. The rejection was always part of God's plan — not a tragedy but the cornerstone of salvation
D. We cry hosanna today with full assurance that salvation has come
Scripture: Genesis 1:26-28, Genesis 2:15-17, Genesis 3:1-11
A. God created mankind as self-aware, thinking, and willing creatures — not robots or machines — bearing his image
B. The Westminster Shorter Catechism states God made man in knowledge, righteousness, and holiness; mankind was created to be right-knowing and right-willing
C. In the state of innocence (Thomas Boston's first state), Adam and Eve's wills were perfectly in harmony with God's will
A. Thomas Boston's four states of mankind provide a framework:
B. The Fall broke harmony between man's will and God's will; the self rose up as its own melody
C. Two kinds of self-control distinguished by the ancient Greeks (as noted by George Bethune):
D. True self-control is a fruit of the Spirit, not human willpower
A. The domain of self-control is the whole person in the whole of living
B. Governing the thought life
C. Governing the emotions
D. Governing the tongue
E. Governing the use of things
F. The tension of reality and requirement
Scripture: 1 Samuel 28
Scripture: 1 Samuel 28:1-25
A. Saul begins by seeking God through approved means — dreams, Urim, and prophets (1 Samuel 28:6) — but receives no answer
B. Saul is not seeking a pagan god through the medium — he is seeking the one true God through forbidden means
C. Application: We do not truly worship God if we worship him outside the means he has appointed
A. The medium appears genuinely surprised when Samuel actually appears (1 Samuel 28:12) — suggesting she was not accustomed to real success
B. Scripture condemns mediums and necromancers not because they are ineffective, but because they are an abomination to God
C. God in his mysterious providence appears to give success to the medium — Samuel comes up and delivers God's ordained judgment to Saul
D. Parallel: Pharaoh's magicians in Exodus 7
E. The pattern continues in redemptive history
F. Satan and his minions have no independent power — all they have is what God permits (Exodus 3:14)
A. Samuel's words to Saul confirm God's total rejection
B. The language Saul uses reveals the severed covenant relationship
C. The meal with the medium of Endor bookends Saul's tragic life
D. The Lord's Supper as the counterpoint to Saul's sorrowful dinner
Scripture: 1 Samuel 27 - "Success through suspect ways"
Scripture: 1 Samuel 27:1–28:2
A. David flees to Achish, king of Gath, with 600 men, and Saul ceases his pursuit (1 Samuel 27:1-4)
B. David is leaning on his own understanding rather than God's promises
C. Trusting God's promises will inevitably make us impractical in the world's eyes
A. David is given Ziklag — a city belonging to Israel — by Achish (1 Samuel 27:5-7)
B. David's deception earns Achish's trust, leading to a dangerous predicament (1 Samuel 28:1-2)
C. David's presumption — assuming God approves of everything he does because of past success
A. David raids the Geshurites, Girzites, and Amalekites, leaving no one alive (1 Samuel 27:8-12)
B. There is no mention of Abiathar or the ephod — David receives no direction from God
C. The danger of following your own heart rather than God's Word
D. The example of Christ as the only one with a truly pure heart
Scripture: Matthew 5:5
A. Meekness toward God is a humble, submissive disposition of the soul before his truth and commandments — coming before God as an empty vessel ready to be filled
B. Christ modeled this meekness perfectly
C. We must constantly divest ourselves of prideful supposed rights before God
D. Meekness before God is a lifelong, constant disposition — we never graduate from the household of God
A. Meekness toward unbelieving man
B. Meekness toward believing man
A. Meekness is the opposite of worldly ambition
B. The meek man is a waiting man
Scripture: Galatians 5:22–25
A. God's faithfulness (trustworthiness) is one of his most repeated attributes throughout Scripture
B. Psalm 89:1–37 presents the eternal covenant between the Father and the Son
C. God's faithfulness holds all creation together
D. Christ is explicitly identified as faithful in Scripture
A. The surrounding culture is hostile to faithfulness
B. Vertical faithfulness — our faithfulness to God
C. Horizontal faithfulness — our faithfulness toward our neighbors
D. How we grow in faithfulness
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