Odie的英语课

Odie的英语课

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Odie的英语课 episodes

  • Odie的英语课 867 Grammar | There is, there are, some, any 1

    There is 和 there are 是 there be句型 的现在时,表示某人事物的存在,“有……”。
    There is 用于单数(可数)名词和不可数名词。

    There are 用于复数(可数)名词。 


    办公室里有五个人。—>
    There are five people in the office.
    客厅里有一台电视。—>
    There's a television in the living room. 
    冰箱里有一些牛奶。—>
    There's some milk in the fridge. 

    关于some

    复数可数名词,可以用准确的数量,也可以用some表示不准确知道的数量:
    There are five people in the office. 办公室里有五个人。 
    There are some people in the office. 办公室里有一些人。

    不可数名词,也常搭配some:
    There's some milk in the fridge. 冰箱里有一些牛奶。
    There's some money in my wallet. 我的钱包里有一些钱。

    单数可数名词,不能搭配some,可搭配a/an,the或者限定词等:
    There's a woman in the shop. 商店里有一个女人。
    There's the woman who works in the hospital. 有一个在医院工作的女人。
    There's my sister in the photo. 照片里有我妹妹(姐姐)。

    8 min
  • Odie的英语课 866 Grammar | Indefinite and Definite Articles 3

    什么时候不用冠词?

    - 泛指某一类人、事、物时,复数的可数名词以及不可数名词前面不需要冠词:
    Cats are beautiful animals. 
    猫是很漂亮的动物。[泛指所有猫]
    British people are often polite. 
    英国人通常很有礼貌。[泛指英国人]
    Tea is good for you.
    茶对你(身体)有益。[泛指茶]

    相应地,特指具体某人、事、物时,要用冠词the:
    Cats are beautiful animals. The cats who live next door are Siamese.

    Siamese 暹罗的

    猫是很漂亮的动物。住在隔壁的猫是暹罗猫。[The cats特指的是住在隔壁的猫,而不是所有的猫]

    British people are often polite. The British people I know are very reserved. 
    reserved 内敛的,矜持的,含蓄的
    英国人通常很有礼貌。我认识的英国人很矜持内敛。[The British people特指我认识的英国人,而不是所有英国人]


    Books are so important in my life.
    书在我的生活中是如此重要。[books泛指所有书]
    The books were all over the floor.
    地板上到处都是书。[the books特指我和对方都知道的那些书]

    - 限定词(my/your/his/her, this/that, any, some)前面不用冠词:
    I love my job. 我爱我的工作。
    X I love the my job.
    Does she want this book? 她想要这本书吗?
    X Does she want the this book?

    - 习惯搭配
    go to bed
    I always go to bed at eleven o'clock.
    我总是在十一点睡觉。

    X I always go to the bed …

    go to work
    They go to work at 8 am every morning.
    他们每天早上8点去上班。
    X They go to the work …

    (be) at school
    (be) at the school
    When I was at school, we didn't have computers.
    我上学的时候,我们没有电脑。[at school指的是作为学生,在学校……]
    When I was at the school … 
    当我在学校的时候……[at the school指的是在学校的建筑里……]

    (be) in hospital
    (be) in the hospital
    She didn't want to be in hospital but she was too ill to go home.
    too...to... 太……而不能……
    ill 生病的,有病的
    她不想住院,但她病得太重,不能回家。[in hospital指的是作为患者,住在医院里……]
    She didn't want to be in the hospital … (in the hospital means being in the building)
    她不想待在医院……[in the hospital指的是在医院楼里……]

    13 min
  • Odie的英语课 865 Grammar | Indefinite and Definite Articles 2

    定冠词 

    the definite article(definite 确定的,肯定的,明确的)

    the

    所有名词前面都可以用定冠词the。


    什么时候用定冠词?

    - 对话双方、听者、读者已经知道的事物或人,通常前面已经提到过的事物或人

    I live in a small town. The town is near a large city.

    我住在一个小镇上。这个城镇靠近一个大城市。


    - 特定的事物或人

    I like getting presents. 我喜欢收到礼物。

    The presents [that] I received for my birthday were fantastic. 我收到的生日礼物特别棒。


    - 自然界、宇宙里众所周知的存在

    the sun 太阳

    the earth 地球

    the moon 月亮

    the stars 星星


    - 国家名是复数时

    The People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国

    The United Kingdom 英国(联合王国)

    The United States of America 美利坚合众国

    其他国家名不用冠词 Canada(加拿大),Australia(澳大利亚),France(法国)等等。

    一些山脉、河流湖泊、岛、沙漠、海洋的名称前面会用the。


    - 用于某些名词前,表示泛指一类地方

    Let's go to the movies this evening. 我们今晚去看电影吧。


    - 用在单数名词前,指该类事物或人 

    I don't buy the newspaper these days. It's free on the Internet. 现在我不买报纸了,在网上是免费的。


    The 还会用在形容词或副词最高级前面,序数词(first, second, third…)前面,还有形容词前面等很多情景。

    9 min
  • Odie的英语课 864 Grammar | Indefinite and Definite Articles 不定冠词和定冠词 1

    article(s) 冠词;文章,报道

    不定冠词 a / an 一(个)

    定冠词 the


    不定冠词 

    indefinite articles(indefinite 不确定的,不清楚的)

    a / an


    1. 用在单数的可数名词前面,常常是第一次提到这个名词时:

    I live in a small town. 我住在一个小镇上。

    Take an umbrella when you go out – it's raining. 你出去的时候带把伞——下雨了。


    2. 谈到职业(工作)时,需要用不定冠词a/an:

    She's a teacher.她是(个)老师。

    She's an architect. 她是(个)建筑师。(architect 建筑师)


    什么时候用 a 什么时候用 an?

    - 辅音开头的名词前面用a

    a teacher 

    a bag

    a school

    - 元音开头的名词前面用an

    an apple

    an engineer 一个工程师

    an architect 一个建筑师


    注意!

    有些词是e或u开头,看起来是元音,但发音是 /ju/,需要用a:

    a Euro 一欧元(euro 欧元€)

    a European country 一个欧洲国家(European 欧洲的)

    a university 一个大学


    有些词是不发音的h开头,需要用an:

    an hour 一(个)小时(hour 小时)

    an honest person 一个诚实的人(honest诚实的,可信的)

    an hono(u)r 一个荣誉(honour 荣誉,奖励,表彰)


    如果h是发音的,就用a

    a hotel 一家酒店

    a hot day 一个大热天


    语法规则

    1. 单数的可数名词前面必须有冠词,可以是 a、an、the 或其他表示所属或者指示的限定词。

    2. 不可数名词前面不能有a/an,比如,information信息,不能说 an information。


    9 min
  • Odie的英语课 863 Grammar | Nouns 3

    可数和不可数名词

    前面第293~305课详细讲过


    countable 可数的

    count 动词,数,数数,计算

    词尾-able 能……的,可……的

    uncountable 不可数的

    词头un- 表示否定,“不,无,反,非”


    名词可以是可数的,不可数的,或是即可数又不可数。

    Nouns can be countable, uncountable, or both countable and uncountable.


    可数名词 countable nouns

    只有可数名词才有单、复数形式。

    one apple 单数

    two apples 复数

    注意!可数名词的单数前面一定一定要有冠词

    an apple, my apple, the apple, this apple,等

    X This is apple. 错


    不可数名词 uncountable nouns

    不可数名词没有复数形式。

    - 概念的,抽象的

    love爱情,happiness幸福,peace和平,advice建议,life生活,information信息,time时间,money金钱

    - 材料和物质

    paper纸,wood木头,bread面包

    - 液体 

    water水,coffee 咖啡,tea 茶


    即可数又不可数的名词 both countable and uncountable nouns

    coffee

    ·咖啡,咖啡粉 [不可数]

    Coffee is a popular drink. 咖啡是一种很受欢迎的饮品。

    ·一杯咖啡  = a cup of coffee [可数]

    I'd like a coffee, please. 请给我一杯咖啡。

    请给我两杯咖啡。—> I'd like two coffees, please.

    请给我两杯咖啡和两杯茶。—> I'd like two coffees and two teas, please.


    paper

    ·纸 [不可数]

    a piece/sheet of paper 一张纸

    a paper bag 纸袋(这里的a是bag的冠词!)

    We produce paper in our factory. 我们工厂生产纸张。

    ·报纸,考卷,论文 [可数]

    * papers 除了是“报纸,考卷,论文”的复数之外,还可以指“身份证件”


    8 min
  • Odie的英语课 862 Grammar | Nouns 2

    有的名词一直是复数形式,如:

    trousers,glasses,clothes

    英语中有些来自于拉丁语和希腊语的词,既可以使用英语的复数变化规则(+s +es),也可以按照原来拉丁语希腊语的变化规则:
    One cactus | Two cacti / cactuses(cactus 仙人掌)
    One curriculum | Two curricula / curriculums(curriculum 课程)
    One antenna | Two antennae / antennas(antenna 触角,触须,天线)

    其他来自拉丁语和希腊语的单词只能使用原来的复数变化:
    One analysis | Two analyses(analysis 分析)
    One vertebra | Two vertebrae(vertebra 脊椎)
    One stimulus | Two stimuli(stimulus 刺激,激励,促进 )

    不规则(变形)的名词


    One man | Two men
    One woman | Two women
    One child | Two children
    One person | Two people
    One foot | Two feet
    One tooth | Two teeth
    One mouse | Two mice
    One ox | Two oxen(ox 公牛)

    有些名词的单数和复数相同:
    One sheep | Two sheep
    One series | Two series(series 电视或广播的系列节目)

    8 min
  • Odie的英语课 861 Grammar | Nouns 1

    noun(s) 名词

    规则(变形)的名词(regular nouns)

    大多数名词,后面直接加s
    One dog | Two dogs
    One cat | Two cats
    One book | Two books

    -s,-ss,-sh,-ch,-tch,-x,-z结尾的名词加es
    One bus | Two buses
    One boss | Two bosses
    One leash | Two leashes(leash 牵动物的链子,绳索)
    One church | Two churches(church 教堂)
    One match | Two matches(match 比赛)
    One box | Two boxes
    One quiz | Two quizzes(quiz 问答比赛,测验)

    -y结尾的名词有两种变复数的形式
    1. 元音 + y 直接加s
    One key | Two keys
    One boy | Two boys
    2. 辅音 + y 把y变成 i 再加es
    One baby | Two babies
    One study | Two studies(study 书房)

    -fe结尾的名词,变成-ves
    One knife | Two knives
    One wife | Two wives
    One life | Two lives(life 生命)

    大多数-f结尾的名词,变成-ves
    One leaf | Two leaves
    One wolf | Two wolves
    One thief | Two thieves(thief 小偷,贼)

    有些-f结尾的名词,既可以直接加s,也可以变成-ves
    One scarf | Two scarfs / Two scarves(scarf 围巾,披巾,头巾)

    大多数-o结尾的名词,后面直接加s
    One zoo | Two zoos
    One memo | Two memos(memo 备忘录,备忘便条)

    有些-o结尾的名词,加es
    One potato | Two potatoes
    One tomato | Two tomatoes
    One hero | Two heroes(hero 英雄)

    8 min
  • Odie的英语课 860 Grammar | The present simple tense 3

    一般现在时的疑问句(questions)

    I, you, we, they 用助动词 do,第三人称单数he, she, it 用助动词does。


    语序 

    [疑问词] + 助动词 + 人称 + 动词(原形)


    Where do you live? 你住在哪儿?

    Where does he/she live?

    Where do they live?


    What do you do? 你是做什么(工作)的?

    What does he/she do?

    What do they do?


    Why do you argue all the time? 为什么你(们)总是吵架?(argue 动词,争论,争吵,争辩,辩论,论证;all the time 总是,一直)

    Why does he/she argue all the time? 

    Why do they argue all the time? 


    Do you live here?

    Does he/she live here?

    Do they live here?


    简短回答(short answers)

    - Do you live here?

    - Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.


    - Does he/she speak English? 他/她说英语吗?

    - Yes, he/she does. / No, he/she doesn't.


    - Do we take this train? 我们坐这趟火车/列车吗?

    - Yes, we do. / No, we don't.


    - Do I sign here? 我签在这里吗?(sign 动词,签名,签字)

    - Yes, you do./ No, you don't.


    8 min
  • Odie的英语课 859 Grammar | The present simple tense 2

    一般现在时的否定形式(negative form)

    先来说肯定句:

    live 动词,生活,居住

    I live here. 我住在这里。

    You live here.

    He lives here.

    She lives here.

    It lives here.

    We live here.

    They live here.


    一般现在时的否定形式

    用助动词don't,第三人称单数(he, she, it)用doesn't,后面加动词原形。


    把上面的句子变成否定句:

    I don't live here.

    You don't live here.

    He doesn't live here.

    She doesn't live here.

    It doesn't live here.

    We don't live here.

    They don't live here.


    请大家练习:

    I live in...(我住在……)后面加上你所在的地方,然后变化各种人称,然后再都变成否定句。注意第三人称单数的变化。


    下面是有错误的句子,哪里错了呢?

    X ①He live in London. X

    X ②He does live in London. X

    X ③He don't live here. X

    X ④He doesn't lives in London. X


    正确句子:

    ①He lives in London.

    ②He lives in London.

    ③He doesn't live here.

    ④He doesn't live in London.

    6 min
  • Odie的英语课 858 Grammar | The present simple tense 1

    一般现在时

    the present simple tense 

    present 现在,目前

    tense(动词)时态

    present tense 现在时态

    simple 简单的


    当表达客观事实、真实情况、日常习惯时,使用 the present simple tense(一般现在时)。


    In England it often snows in winter. 

    在英格兰,冬天常常下雪。[客观事实a fact]


    I live in London

    我住在伦敦。[真实情况true] 


    Oscar eats cereal for breakfast (routine or habit)

    奥斯卡早餐吃麦片。[日常习惯habit]

    cereal 麦片,谷类食物


    注意

    第三人称单数he,she,it后的动词要加s或es或ies:

    -ss, -sh, -ch, -tch结尾的动词后加es,如:I teach / (s)he teaches, I wish / (s)he wishes

    -y结尾的动词变为ies,如:I study / (s)he studies


    curling 冰壶(运动)

    I play curling 

    You play curling

    He / She plays curling

    We play curling

    They play curling


    8 min

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