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506 复习
I'll just finish this, then we can go. 我马上干完了,然后我们就能走了。
I've just decided to sell my apartment. 我刚决定卖掉我的公寓。
He'd just got into the bath when the phone rang. 他刚进浴室电话就响了。
just
起软化语气的作用。
在第405课<英语“柔顺剂” softener > 时学过 just 的这个用法,我们来复习一下:
我可以请你移一下你的椅子吗?
Could I just ask you to move your chair, please?
请问我可以拿走这本书吗?
Could I just take this book, please?
请大家造句——
你能开一下窗户吗?
Could you just open the window?
请大家和我读
Could you just open the window?
再学一个比较客气的表达:
不知道能不能……,不知能否……
I wonder if...(使请求更加正式和礼貌)
wonder 动词,想知道
I'm just wondering if I could speak to you about Anna?
不知道我能不能和你谈谈安娜的事?
请大家和我读三遍
I'm just wondering if I could speak to you about Anna?
变成过去时—>
I was just wondering if I could speak to you about Anna?
501~505 复习
just 加强语气
My holiday was just perfect. 我的假期很完美。
It's just too expensive. 这个真是太贵了.
Just shut the door quickly or we're going to be late. 快点关上门(走了),否则我们就要迟到了。
just 只是
It's just a joke. 那只是个玩笑。
It's all right, thanks. I'm just looking. 没关系,谢谢,我只是随便看看。
just 正好,正是,恰好
You look just like your sister. 你长得和你姐姐一模一样。
Thank you, it's just what I've always wanted. 谢谢你,这正是我一直想要的。
Can you put your signature just here? 你能就在这里签名吗?
just 现在,此时;刚刚,刚才;很快,马上(a very short time before or after speaking)
I'm just coming. 我这就来。
Where's my phone? I had it just now. 我的电话去哪了?我刚刚还拿着呢。
I'll just finish this, then we can go.
我马上干完了,然后我们就能走了。
finish 动词,完成,做完
then 然后
请大家和我读三遍
I'll just finish this, then we can go.
Just表示“刚刚,刚才”的意思时,句子时态常用现在完成时或过去完成时,比如:
I've just decided to sell my apartment.
我刚刚决定卖掉我的公寓。
decide 动词,决定
apartment 公寓
I've just decided to... 我刚决定(做某事)
He'd just got into the bath when the phone rang.
他刚进浴室电话就响了。/ 电话响的时候,他刚进浴室。
get into 进入,进去
bath 浴室
504 复习
You look just like your sister. 你长得和你姐姐一模一样。
Thank you, it's just what I've always wanted. 谢谢你,这正是我一直想要的。
Can you put your signature just here? 你能在这里签名吗?
just
此时;很快;刚才
a very short time before or after speaking
比如,我和Mike约了见面,到了时间Mike还没到,我就问Mike:
Where are you, Mike?
Mike,你在哪儿?
Mike说:
I'm just coming.
我就来。
请大家和我读三遍
A: Where are you?
B: I'm just coming.
再比如:
Where's my phone? I had it just now.
我电话哪去了?我刚刚还拿着呢。
just now 刚刚,刚才;现在,目前
请大家和我读三遍
Where's my phone? I had it just now.
503 复习
It's just a joke. 那只是个玩笑。
A: Can I help you? 您要买点什么?
B: No, it's all right, thanks. I'm just looking. 不用,没关系,谢谢。我只是随便看看。
just
正好,正是,恰恰
= exactly
You look just like your sister.
你长得和你姐姐/妹妹一模一样。
look like 看起来和(某人)像
请大家和我读三遍
You look just like your sister.
Thank you, it's just what I've always wanted.
谢谢你,这正是我一直想要的。
what I've always wanted 我一直想要的
请大家和我读三遍
Thank you, it's just what I've always wanted.
Can you put your signature just here?
你能在这里签名吗?
signature 名词,签名
502 复习
It's just too expensive. 这个真是太贵了.
It's just not right. 这就是不对。
Just shut the door quickly or we're going to be late. 快点关上门,否则我们就要迟到了。
just
只是
= only
It's just a joke.
那只是个玩笑。
请大家和我读三遍
It's just a joke.
在商店,店员问我们:
Can I help you?
我可以帮你吗?—> 你要买点什么?
我们只是随便看看,就可以说:
I'm just looking.
我只是随便看看。
请大家和我读三遍
I'm just looking.
如果想回答得更礼貌一些,也就是用更长的句子来回答,可以说:
No, it's all right, thanks. I'm just looking.
不用,没关系,谢谢。我只是随便看看。
组成一个小对话
A: Can I help you?
B: No, it's all right, thanks. I'm just looking.
A: 您要买点什么?
B: 不用,没关系,谢谢。我只是随便看看。
请大家和我读三遍
A: Can I help you?
B: No, it's all right, thanks. I'm just looking.
501 复习
How's your holiday? 你假期过得怎么样?
My holiday was just perfect. 我的假期很完美。
It's just too expensive.
这个真是太贵了。
请大家和我读三遍
It's just too expensive.
It's just not right.
那就是不对。
请大家和我读三遍
It's just not right.
用在祈使句里面,just也起到加强语气的作用。比如“shut the door 关上门,把门关上”,加上just —> just shut the door。但因为语境信息少,这里just可能是强调语气,也可能是just的另外一个意思“只是”(之后会讲)。
那我们丰富一下语境信息:
Just shut the door quickly or we're going to be late.
快点关上门,否则我们就要迟到了。
quickly 快点,迅速地,快快地
or 否则
请大家和我读三遍
Just shut the door quickly or we're going to be late.
496~500 复习
首席执行官 CEO(Chief Executive Officer)
副总裁 VP(Vice-President)
主席 Chair/Chairperson/Chairman/Chairwoman
总监,主任,经理,董事 director
先生 Mr
夫人,太太 Mrs
女士(不知道是否已婚)
医生、博士 Dr(Doctor)
教授 Prof(Professor)
和陌生人说话,通常用 Hello,sorry 或 excuse me 开头。
各位,大家 everyone/everybody
大伙儿,大家,各位 folks,guys
女士们 ladies
先生们 gentlemen
孩子们 children
男孩子们 boys,lads
女孩子们 girls
母亲/妈妈 mother (正式),mom (美国),mum(英国),mummy
父亲/爸爸 father (正式),dad,daddy,papa
奶奶,姥姥/外婆 grandmother,gran,granny,grandma
爷爷,姥爷/外公 grandfather,grandad,grandpa,gramps
Mum, you're going to be really pleased to hear this. 妈,你听到这个会很高兴。
I can borrow your car, can't I, Gran? 我可以借你的车吗,奶奶?
darling 亲爱的,心爱的,宝贝
dear 亲爱的,心爱的;亲近的;可爱的
love (表示友好的称呼)亲爱的
sweetheart 甜心,宝贝儿
just
(加强语气)很,非常;完全;就是,真是
比如,别人问我们:
How's your holiday?
你(们)假期过得怎么样?
My holiday was just perfect.
我的假期很完美。
Our holiday was just perfect.
我们的假期很完美。
holiday 假期,节日
请大家和我读三遍
My holiday was just perfect.
Our holiday was just perfect.
499 复习
everyone/everybody 各位,大家
folks 大伙儿,大家,各位
guys 大伙儿,大家,各位
ladies 女士们
gentlemen 先生们
children 孩子们
boys/lads 男孩子们,小伙子们
girls 女孩子们,姑娘们
【称呼父母爷爷奶奶】
母亲/妈妈
mother (正式),mom (美国),mum(英国),mam(英国北部),mummy
父亲/爸爸
father (正式),dad,daddy,papa,pop(美国)
奶奶,姥姥/外婆
grandmother,gran,granny,grandma
爷爷,姥爷/外公
grandfather,grandad,grandpa,gramps(a gramps)
Mum, you're going to be really pleased to hear this.
妈,你听到这个会很高兴。
pleased 高兴的,开心的,满意的(第490课,be on cloud nine 高兴极了。Was Helen pleased about getting that job? 海伦得到那份工作高兴吗?)
hear 听,听到,听见
请大家和我读三遍
You're going to be really pleased to hear this.
I can borrow your car, can't I, Gran?
我可以借你的车吗,奶奶?
borrow 借(入)<—> lend 借(出)
请大家和我读三遍
I can borrow your car, can't I, Gran?
【称呼亲爱的】
亲爱的,指关系亲密的人,爱人朋友都可以,也可以是表达希望和他们关系亲密:
darling 亲爱的,心爱的,宝贝
dear 亲爱的,心爱的;亲近的;可爱的;(写信开头问候语)尊敬的
love (表示友好的称呼)亲爱的
luvvie 英国用
sweetheart 甜心,宝贝儿(You're a sweetheart 你真好。)
poppet 宝贝,乖乖
498 复习
和陌生人说话,一般会用 Hello,sorry 或者 excuse me 开头。
Sorry, you've dropped your scarf. 你的围巾掉了。
Excuse me, are you a friend of Sandra's? 请问,你是桑德拉的一个朋友吗?
如何称呼一群人?
最通用的称呼:
everyone/everybody 各位,大家
*正式、日常都可以用。
较口语的称呼:
folks 大伙儿,各位。folk 人们(尤指某一群体或类型的)
guys 大家,各位,大伙儿(不仅用于一群男性,有男有女的一群人都可以叫guys)(美国多用)
Come on, you guys, let's go.
快点,各位,咱们走吧。
Come on, guys, come and help!
大伙过来帮个帮!
相比较folks,guys正式一些的称呼:
ladies 女士们
gentlemen 先生们
我们听演讲,看演出,常常会听到开头先说:Ladies and gentlemen, good evening. 女士们先生们,晚上好。
我会说:
Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to my radio show.
女士们先生们,欢迎收听我的广播节目。^o^
* ladies,gentlemen 不仅用于正式场合,日常也可以说。
称呼小孩子,年青人:
children 孩子们
boys, lads 男孩子们,小伙子们。lad 男孩,少年,小伙子
girls 女孩子们,姑娘们
* 这几个称呼是相对的年纪小,也可能是已经成年,但在说话人眼中,是“小孩子”:
Come on, lads, let's get this job finished!
来吧,小伙子们,咱们把这个活儿干完!
497 复习
Mr 先生
Mrs 夫人,太太
Ms 女士(不知道是否已婚)
Dr 医生/博士
Prof 教授
Dr Dailey, can I ask you a question? 戴利博士/医生,我能问你个问题吗?
Could you ask Mrs Goodfellow to call me when she gets back? 古德费罗太太回来的时候,你能让她给我打个电话吗?
如果是和陌生人说话,要怎么称呼呢?
英语里没有一个特定的称呼,通常用 Hello,sorry 或者 excuse me 开头。
Sorry, you've dropped your scarf.
你的围巾掉了。
drop (使)掉下,落下
scarf 围巾,披巾,头巾
请大家和我读三遍
Sorry, you've dropped your scarf.
补充:在这种情况下,不说 Sir!(先生!)Madam!(女士!),因为sir 和 madam 多用在商店、酒店等服务行业。
How can I help you, madam/sir?
另外,在小学和中学,学生会称呼老师 sir 和 miss。但是,在大学里不这么叫。
Excuse me, are you a friend of Sandra's?
不好意思,你是桑德拉的一个朋友吗?
请大家和我读三遍
Excuse me, are you a friend of Sandra's?
对比:
Excuse me, are you a friend of Sandra?
不好意思,你是桑德拉的朋友吗?
Excuse me, are you a friend of Sandra's?
不好意思,你是桑德拉的一个朋友吗?
这两句大意一样,只有小小的区别:
Are you a friend of Sandra 侧重于:你是和Sandra是朋友关系?/你是Sandra的朋友?
Are you a friend of Sandra's 侧重于:你是Sandra众多朋友中的一个?
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