396 复习

scrape by 勉强维持生计

I scraped by on just ￥10 a day. 我一天只靠10块钱勉强度日。

The family had to scrape by. 一家人只好勉强维持生计。

当收入减少，钱太少，with too little money，我们就要缩减开支：

cut back

减少，削减，缩减

cut （尤其指用刀）切，割，砍，剪；减少，缩短，降低，削减

—> cut prices 降低价格（price价格）

cut costs 降低成本（cost成本）

请大家跟我读

cut prices

cut costs

Cut back 在使用时后面会加 on (something)：

cut back on (something)

削减开支

expense(s) 花费，开支，开销（expensive 昂贵的）

cut back on expenses

我正在努力削减开支。

I'm trying to... 我正在努力……

I'm trying to cut back on my expenses.

请大家跟我读

I'm trying to cut back on my expenses.

391~395 复习

settle up 结账，结清，付清（欠的钱）

I'll settle up with you later. 之后我把钱给你。

You buy the tickets and I'll settle up with you later. 你来买票，过后我把钱给你。

Let me go settle the bill up with the waiter. 我去跟服务员结账。

> I hate having debt hanging over me. 我讨厌债务缠身。

put away + money 存（钱）
put away money for the future 为将来存钱
He puts away a little every month. 他每个月存一点点钱。
I put away the same 500 yuan a month. 我每个月（都）存500元。

salt away （秘密地）储藏，储存（常指钱等贵重物品）
squirrel away
He'd salted away several thousand dollars over the years and no one knew. 这些年他悄悄地存了好几千美元却没人知道！
She had a fortune squirrelled away. 她把一大笔钱藏起来了。
Most of his money is squirreled away somewhere. 他的大部分钱都藏在某个地方。

scrape by
勉强维持生计，勉强过活 

scrape 刮，擦，去除；勉强得到，艰难达到

I scraped by on just $3 a day.
我一天只靠3美元勉强度日。
on 靠，凭，指望

I scraped by on just ￥10 a day.
我一天只靠10块钱勉强度日。

Scrape by还经常和 have to（不得不，只好）一起用：
have to scrape by
不得不勉强维持生计，只好勉强过活

The family had to scrape by.
一家人只好勉强维持生计。

394 复习

salt away 秘密储存（常指钱）

He'd salted away several thousand dollars over the years and no one knew. 这些年他悄悄地存了好几千美元却没人知道！

squirrel away

储藏，储存（尤其指钱等贵重物品）

squirrel 名词，松鼠。动词，把（钱等贵重物品）储藏好

She had a fortune squirrelled away.

她把一大笔钱藏起来了。

fortune 一大笔钱，大量财产

请大家跟我读

She had a fortune squirrelled away.

Most of his money is squirreled away somewhere.

他的大部分钱都藏在某个地方。

somewhere 在某处，在某地

请大家跟我读

Most of his money is squirreled away somewhere.

393 复习

put away + money 存（钱）

put away money for the future 为将来存钱

He puts away a little every month. 他每个月存一点点钱。

I put away the same 500 yuan a month. 我每个月（都）存500元。

这节课和下节课学另外两个away的短语，也是“存”，但都含有“藏”“秘密地储存”的意思：

salt away 

秘密储存（常指钱）

salt 名词，盐。动词，给……加盐，用盐腌。形容词，含盐的，盐渍的

He'd salted away several thousand dollars.

他偷偷地存了好几千美元。

He'd = He had

several thousand dollars 几千美元

several 几个的，若干的

加上 over the years 这些年来

He'd salted away several thousand dollars over the years.

这些年他偷偷地存了好几千美元。

over the years 这些年（第381课<谈论朋友11> Helen and I lost touch over the years. 海伦和我这些年失去了联系。）

再加上 and no one knew 没人知道

He'd salted away several thousand dollars over the years and no one knew.

这些年他偷偷地存了好几千美元却没人知道！

knew 原形 know，知道

请大家跟我读

He'd salted away several thousand dollars.

He'd salted away several thousand dollars over the years.

He'd salted away several thousand dollars over the years and no one knew.

392 复习

I hate having debt hanging over me. 我讨厌债务缠身。

Let me go settle the bill up with the waiter. 我去跟服务员结账。

put away + money

存（钱）

= save

put away money for the future
为将来存钱
future 未来，将来

请大家跟我读
put away money for the future

He puts away a little every month.
他每个月存一点钱。

请大家跟我读
He puts away a little every month.

I put away the same $50 a month.
我每个月（都）存50美元。
same 同样的，相同的

I put away the same 500 yuan a month.
我每个月（都）存500元。

391 复习

settle up 结账，结清，付清（欠的钱）

I'll settle up with you later. 之后我把钱给你。

You buy the tickets and I'll settle up with you later. 你来买票，过后我把钱给你。

第18课 你能先帮我垫付吗？ Can you spot me?

I hate having debt hanging over me.

我讨厌身上有债/债务缠身。

I hate doing... 我讨厌…… 

hang over 悬在……上空；（威胁或疑虑）笼罩，围绕

hang 悬挂，吊着

请大家和我读三遍

I hate having debt hanging over me.

Would you like to settle up now? 

您想现在结账吗？

Let me go settle the bill up with the waiter.

我去跟服务员结账。

Let me go + do 我去（做）……

settle the bill 结账

waiter 服务员

请大家和我读三遍

Let me go settle the bill up with the waiter.

386~390 复习

pay off 付清（账单），偿还（债务）

pay off the bill 付清账单

Did you pay off the gas bill yet? 你付清煤气费了吗？

pay off the mortgage 还清抵押贷款

She paid off the mortgage ahead of schedule. 她提前还清了抵押贷款。

pay off the debt 还清债务

He paid his college debt off six years after he graduated. 毕业六年之后，他还清了大学贷款。

fork out/over （不情愿地）付钱

I forked out three thousand dollars for the shirt. 我不情愿地掏了3000美元买了那件衬衫。

I forked out twenty dollars for the book. 我不情愿地掏了20美元买了那本书。

dip into 花费，动用（一部分的积蓄）

I had to dip into my savings to pay for the repairs.我不得不动用部分积蓄来支付修理费。

set back （使）花费

This coat set me back about $100. 这件外套花了我差不多100美元。

A new suit will set you back $200. 一套新衣服要花你200美元。

How much did that set you back?（那个）花了你多少钱？

settle up

结账，结清，付清（欠款）

settle 确定，决定，解决（争端等）；安定下来，安居；安静下来；降落；支付（尤指欠款），偿付，结算

settle up with somebody

把钱（支付）给某人；和某人结清欠款

settle up with you

把钱给你

I'll settle up with you.

我会把钱给你。

I'll settle up with you later.

之后我把钱给你。

later 晚些时候，过些时间

请大家和我读三遍

I'll settle up with you later.

You buy the tickets and I'll settle up with you later.

你来买票，过后我把钱给你。

389 复习

dip into 花费，动用（一部分的积蓄）

I had to dip into my savings. 我不得不动用我的部分积蓄。

I had to dip into my savings to pay for the repairs.我不得不动用部分积蓄来支付修理费。

When my car broke down, I had to dip into my savings to pay for the repairs. 当我的车出故障时，我不得不动用积蓄来支付维修费。 

这节课我们要学的短语是：

set back 

（使）花费

= cost

经常这么用：

set someone back + 钱数

比如说：

This coat set me back about $100.

这件外套花了我差不多100美元。

$100 one hundred dollars

这句的时态是过去时，set 的过去时还是set。

A new suit will set you back $200.

一套新衣服要花你200美元。

a new suit 一套新衣服

How much did that set you back?

（那个）花了你多少钱？

388 复习

fork out/over （不情愿地）付钱

I forked out three thousand dollars for the shirt. 我不情愿地掏了3000美元买那件衬衫。

I'm not forking out three thousand dollars for a shirt! 我不会花3000美元买衬衫的！

dip into

花费，动用（一部分的积蓄）

dip 浸，蘸；下降，下落

比较常见的用法（搭配）是：

dip into one's savings

savings 存款，储蓄金，省下的钱

请大家跟我读

dip into

dip into one's savings

I had to dip into my savings.

我不得不动用我的部分积蓄。

had to 不得不……

I had to dip into my savings to pay for the repairs.

我不得不动用部分积蓄来支付修理费。

to pay for the repairs 支付修理费

pay for... 支付……的费用

repairs 修理，修补，修缮

请大家跟我读

I had to dip into my savings to pay for the repairs.

还可以加上 

When my car broke down

当我的车出故障时

broke down 原形是 break down（机器或车辆）出故障

—> 

When my car broke down, I had to dip into my savings to pay for the repairs.

当我的车出故障时，我不得不动用积蓄来支付维修费用。 

387 复习

Did you pay off the gas bill yet? 你付清煤气费了吗？

She paid off the mortgage ahead of schedule. 她提前还清了抵押贷款。

He paid his college debt off six years after he graduated. 毕业六年后，他还清了大学贷款。

这节课我们来学“（不情愿地）付钱”怎么说。

fork 

名词，叉子

动词，叉起，用叉子挖；（公路或河流）分岔；付款

fork 当“付款”的意思时，后面会带介词 over 或 out，组成短语：

fork over（美国多用）

fork out（英国多用）

（不情愿地）付钱

请大家和我读三遍

fork over

fork out

fork out / over 常常和钱或钱数一起用，比如：

（不情愿地）花了20美元 twenty dollars

fork out/over twenty dollars

或 fork twenty dollars out/over

去年我不是花了3000元买了件衬衫嘛，如果说其实我不情愿掏这个钱，就可以说：

我不情愿地掏了3000美元。

I forked out three thousand dollars.

我不情愿地掏了3000美元买那件衬衫。

I forked out three thousand dollars for the shirt.

句式：

I forked out (money) for (something).

我不情愿地花了（多少钱）买（什么东西）。

我不会花3000美元买衬衫的！

I'm not forking out three thousand dollars for a shirt!

* 这里的 for a shirt，不特指，意思是我不会花3000美元买任何一件衬衫。

如果是 for the shirt，特指，意思是我不会花3000美元买那件衬衫，但也许会花3000元买其它衬衫。

请大家和我读

I forked out three thousand dollars for the shirt.

I'm not forking out three thousand dollars for a shirt!