Dr. Anna Goldman, an endocrinologist and medical educator at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, talks with Joyce Zhou (host) and Dr. Emily Gutowski (case presenter) to discuss diagnosis, management, and lifestyle considerations in patients with diabetes mellitus. They talk through a case of a patient with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and a family history of T2DM. Dr. Goldman presents her framework for type 1 vs. type 2 DM and how to diagnose T2DM based on labs, physical exam findings, and clinical history. Moreover, Dr. Goldman teaches us about the various pharmacologic agents used in T2DM treatment (metformin, sulfonylureas, DPP4i, GLP1R agonists, SGLT2i) from their mechanisms of action and side effects to their different clinical uses. Dr. Goldman closes the conversation by discussing what her follow-up visit looks like both in history-taking and physical examination, in addition to any treatments that need to be considered.