Observing plant behavior helps us investigate our assumptions about consciousness from a new angle. Most of us share the intuition that plants aren’t conscious. But when we look more closely at plant behaviors that fall into the surprisingly similar behavioral categories we might call pain, fear, or even love, we can ask ourselves why we think consciousness is necessary for certain behavior in animals, but not in plants. Is it possible that any processing of information, and subsequent behavior, in plants is accompanied by felt experience? Or, alternately, perhaps we don’t need consciousness to perform human behavior in the ways we have always assumed?

In Chapter 4, Annaka talks to Daniel Chamovitz, Zoë Schlanger, and Patrick House about the wonderful world of plants and parasites.