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Informative session about the important personality. Tukaram Bhaurao Sathe, popularly known as Annabhau Sathe, was a social reformer, folk poet, and writer from Maharashtra, India. Sathe was a Dalit born into the untouchable Mang community, and his upbringing and identity were central to his writing and political activism. Sathe was a Marxist-Ambedkarite mosaic, initially influenced by the communists but he later became an Ambedkarite. He is credited as a founding father of 'Dalit Literature'.

Bal Gangadhar Tilak, born as Keshav Gangadhar Tilak, was an Indian nationalist, teacher, and an independence activist. He was one third of the Lal Bal Pal triumvirate. Tilak was the first leader of the Indian independence movement. The British colonial authorities called him "The father of the Indian unrest." He was also conferred with the title of "Lokmanya", which means "accepted by the people (as their leader)". Mahatma Gandhi called him "The Maker of Modern India". Tilak was one of the first and strongest advocates of Swaraj ("self-rule") and a strong radical in Indian consciousness. He is known for his quote in Marathi: "Swarajya is my birthright and I shall have it!". He formed a close alliance with many Indian National Congress leaders including Bipin Chandra Pal, Lala Lajpat Rai, Aurobindo Ghose, V. O. Chidambaram Pillai and Muhammad Ali Jinnah.

List of important events from history on 1st August. This list is useful for students preparing for all competitive exams in India.

         नवस्वतंत्र भारतातील सर्व निवडणुका निःपक्षपातीपणे आयोजित केल्या जाव्यात व त्या मुक्त वातावरणात व्हाव्यात या प्रमुख उद्देशाने २५ जानेवारी, १९५० रोजी म्हणजे भारतीय प्रजासत्ताक अस्तित्वात येण्याच्या एक दिवस आधी भारतीय निर्वाचन आयोगाची अर्थात 'इलेक्शन कमिशन ऑफ इंडिया'ची स्थापना करण्यात आली. राज्यघटनेच्या कलम ३२४ मध्ये निर्वाचन आयोगाच्या कायमस्वरूपी स्थापनेसंदभातील तरतूद केली गेली. लोकसभेच्या विविध घटक राज्यांतील विधानसभांच्या व त्याचप्रमाणे राष्ट्रपतिपदाच्या व उपराष्ट्रपतिपदाच्या निवडणुकांच्या पूर्ण प्रक्रियेसंदर्भातील नियंत्रण, मार्गदर्शन व देखरखीचे अधिकार राज्यघटनेच्या या तरतुदीद्वारे निर्वाचन आयोगाला देण्यात आले. संसदेच्या व राज्याच्या कायदेमंडळाच्या सर्व निवडणुकांकरिता मतदारयाद्या तयार करण्याचं महत्त्वाचं कार्यही निर्वाचन आयोगाकडे देण्यात आलं. प्रारंभी मुख्य निर्वाचन आयुक्तांकडे सर्व अधिकार दिले गेले होते व हा आयोग एकसदस्यीयच होता, पण १९९३ पासून या आयोगात दोन अतिरिक्त आयुक्तांची नियुक्ती केल्यावर हा आयोग त्रिसदस्यीय झाला. या आयुक्तांच्या नियुक्तीचे अधिकार घटनेनुसार राष्ट्रपतींकडे देण्यात आले व त्याचप्रमाणे संसदेचा आयोगाच्या कार्यात कोणताही हस्तक्षेप राहणार नाही या दृष्टीनेही तरतुदी करण्यात आल्या. आयुक्तांचा कार्यकाल ६ वर्षं इतका सुनिश्चित करण्यात आला आणि त्यांना मिळणारं वेतन व सुविधा सर्वोच्च न्यायालयाच्या न्यायाधीशांप्रमाणे राहतील अशी तरतूद करण्यात आली.

Informative session about the important personality. Damodar Dharmananda Kosambi was an Indian polymath with interests in mathematics, statistics, philology, history, and genetics. He contributed to genetics by introducing the Kosambi map function. In statistics, he was the first person to develop orthogonal infinite series expressions for stochastic processes via the Kosambi–Karhunen–Loève theorem. He is also well known for his work in numismatics and for compiling critical editions of ancient Sanskrit texts. Damodar Kosambi emulated him by developing a keen interest in his country's ancient history. He was also a Marxist historian specialising in ancient India who employed the historical materialist approach in his work. He is particularly known for his classic work An Introduction to the Study of Indian History.

Dhanpat Rai Srivastava, better known by his pen name Munshi Premchand, was an Indian writer famous for his modern Hindustani literature. He is one of the most celebrated writers of the Indian subcontinent, and is regarded as one of the foremost Hindi writers of the early twentieth century. His novels include Godaan, Karmabhoomi, Gaban, Mansarovar, Idgah. He published his first collection of five short stories in 1907 in a book called Soz-e Watan. He began writing under the pen name "Nawab Rai", but subsequently switched to "Premchand", Munshi being an honorary prefix. A novel writer, story writer and dramatist, he has been referred to as the "Upanyas Samrat" ("Emperor among Novelists") by writers. His works include more than a dozen novels, around 300 short stories, several essays and translations of a number of foreign literary works into Hindi.

Friedrich Wöhler FRS HFRSE was a German chemist, known for his work in inorganic chemistry, being the first to isolate the chemical elements beryllium and yttrium in pure metallic form. He was the first to prepare several inorganic compounds including silane and silicon nitride. Wöhler is known for seminal contributions in organic chemistry, in particular the Wöhler synthesis of urea.His synthesis of the organic compound urea in the laboratory from inorganic precursors refuted the prevailing belief that organic compounds could only be produced by living organisms due to a "life force".

List of important events from history on 31th July. This list is useful for students preparing for all competitive exams in India.

राष्ट्रउभारणीसाठी मध्यवर्ती बँकेला सक्षम करण्यासाठी 'रिझर्व्ह बँक ऑफ इंडिया'चं राष्ट्रीयीकरण :

स्वातंत्र्यपूर्व काळात म्हणजे १९३४ मध्येच एक मध्यवर्ती बँक म्हणून अस्तित्वात आलेल्या 'रिझर्व्ह बँक ऑफ इंडिया' चं कार्य अधिक सुसूत्रतेने, सक्षमतेने व राष्ट्रउभारणीच्या व्यापक हेतूनं व्हावं, या दृष्टीने केंद्र सरकारने १ जानेवारी, १९४९रोजी बँकेचं राष्ट्रीयीकरण केलं."ईस्ट इंडिया कंपनी'ने भारतात पाय रोवल्यावर इ. स. १७७३ मध्येच वॉरन हेस्टिंग्ज ह्यांनी वसाहती भारतात एक मध्यवर्ती बँक असावी, अशी सूचना केली होती, तरीही प्रदीर्घ काळ त्यासाठी योजना आखली गेली नव्हती. मात्र १९२१ मध्ये मुंबई, कोलकाता व मद्रास या तीन इलाख्यांत कार्यरत असलेल्या प्रेसिडेन्सी बँकांचं एकत्रीकरण घडवून आणलं गेलं आणि त्यातूनच 'इम्पिरिअल बँक ऑफ इंडिया' या बँकेचा जन्म झाला.

Informative session about the important personality. Muthulakshmi Reddy, spelled Reddi in some British Indian sources, was an Indian medical practitioner, social reformer and Padma Bhushan award recipient. Muthuakshmi Reddy was appointed to the Madras Legislative Council in 1926. This nomination marked the beginning of her lifelong effort to "correct the balance for women by removing social abuses and working for equality in moral standards″. She was a women's activist and social reformer.She had a number of firsts to her name: the first female student to be admitted into a men's college, the first woman House Surgeon in the Government Maternity and Ophthalmic Hospital, the first woman Legislator in British India, the first Chairperson of the State Social Welfare Advisory Board, the first woman Deputy President of the Legislative Council, and the first Alderwoman of the Madras Corporation Avvai Home.

Henry Ford was an American industrialist, business magnate, and founder of the Ford Motor Company, and chief developer of the assembly line technique of mass production. By creating the first automobile that middle-class Americans could afford, he converted the automobile from an expensive curiosity into an accessible conveyance that profoundly impacted the landscape of the 20th century. His introduction of the Ford Model T automobile revolutionized transportation and American industry. As the Ford Motor Company owner, he became one of the richest and best-known people in the world. He is credited with "Fordism": mass production of inexpensive goods coupled with high wages for workers. Ford had a global vision, with consumerism as the key to peace. His intense commitment to systematically lowering costs resulted in many technical and business innovations, including a franchise system that put dealerships throughout North America and major cities on six continents. Ford left most of his vast wealth to the Ford Foundation and arranged for his family to permanently control it.

List of important events from history on 30th July. This list is useful for students preparing for all competitive exams in India.

अण्णा दुराई यांच्या पुढाकाराने द्रविड मुन्नेत्र कळघम पक्षाची स्थापना :

              ई. व्ही. रामस्वामी नायकर अर्थात पेरियार यांनी १९२०च्या काळात सुरू केलेल्या जहाल राजकीय चळवळीचा वारसा असलेल्या सी. एन. अण्णा दुराई यांनी १७ सप्टेंबर, १९४९ रोजी 'द्रविड मुनेत्र कळघम (द्रमुक) या पक्षाची स्थापना केली. या पक्षाने उत्तर भारतीय वर्चस्व, आर्यश्रेष्ठत्व व हिंदीसक्ती या तीनही बाबी नाकारल्या आणि स्वतःच्या राजकीय अजेंड्यावर तमिळनाडूतील राजकारणाला दिशा देण्याची भूमिका घेतली. स्वातंत्र्योत्तर काळात देशभर काँग्रेसचा प्रभाव असताना त्या वेळच्या मद्रास प्रांतात या पक्षाला मोठं राजकीय आव्हान उभारण्यात द्रमुकने यश मिळवलं. काँग्रेसला राज्यातील सत्तेवरून हुसकावून लावण्यात यश मिळवलेला भारतातील हा पहिला प्रादेशिक पक्ष ठरला. १९६७ साली ..सत्तेवर आल्यानंतर या राज्यात पुढे कधीही काँग्रेस पक्ष स्वतःच्या बळावर सत्तेवर येऊ शकला नाही.

Informative session about the important personality. Jehangir Ratanji Dadabhoy Tata was an Indian aviator, industrialist, entrepreneur and chairman of Tata Group. Born into the Tata family of India, he was the son of noted businessman Ratanji Dadabhoy Tata and his wife Suzanne Brière. His mother was the first woman in India to drive a car and, in 1929, he became the first licensed pilot in India. He is also best known for being the founder of several industries under the Tata Group, including Tata Consultancy Services, Tata Motors, Titan Industries, Tata Salt, Voltas and Air India. In 1983, he was awarded the French Legion of Honour and in 1955 and 1992, he received two of India's highest civilian awards the Padma Vibhushan and the Bharat Ratna. These honours were bestowed on him for his contributions to Indian industry.

Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar CIE, born Ishwar Chandra Bandyopadhyay, was an Indian educator and social reformer. His efforts to simplify and modernise Bengali prose were significant. He also rationalised and simplified the Bengali alphabet and type, which had remained unchanged since Charles Wilkins and Panchanan Karmakar had cut the first (wooden) Bengali type in 1780. He is considered the "father of Bengali prose". He was the most prominent campaigner for Hindu widow remarriage, petitioning the Legislative council despite severe opposition, including a counter petition (by Radhakanta Deb and the Dharma Sabha) which had nearly four times as many signatures. Even though widow remarriage was considered a flagrant breach of Hindu customs and was staunchly opposed, Lord Dalhousie personally finalised the bill and the Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act, 1856 was passed.