This lecture discusses key ideas from the early medieval philosopher and theologian, Augustine of Hippo's work, The Confessions.

It focuses specifically on his discussion of his friend Alypius in book 8, who was from Augustine's home town of Thagaste, attended Augustine's lectures, where he heard Augustine touch upon a moral failing of his, namely his strong interest in the circus spectacles. Alypius would along with Augustine make progress towards an eventual conversion to Christianity, and is there in the garden when Augustine has his famous experience when struggling with committing himself.

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This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosopher, novelist, and essayist Albert Camus' four Letters To A German Friend (anthologized in Resistance, Rebellion, and Death: Essays)

Specifically it examines the fourth and final letter, which looks at the importance of attending to the demands of justice but also human happiness when considering what one owes to one's country, and whether it is worth fighting or not

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This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosopher, novelist, and essayist Albert Camus' four Letters To A German Friend (anthologized in Resistance, Rebellion, and Death: Essays)

Specifically it examines the third letter, which elaborates the theme of the meaning of Europe, a matter where fascists and nationalists like the Nazis view matters one way and other Europeans view matters differently. The Nazis view Europe as something to possess and dominate, a system of resources to exploit. Camus advocates viewing Europe much as he views France, as something valuable, to which one can belong, and which has to be held to standards of justice and truth.

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You can find over 3,500 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler

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This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosopher, novelist, and essayist Albert Camus' four Letters To A German Friend (anthologized in Resistance, Rebellion, and Death: Essays)

Specifically it examines the second letter, which builds upon and expands themes from the first letter, specifically holding one's country to standards. This is connected with a refusal to subordinate or suppress intelligence in favor of a misguided patriotism.

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You can find over 3,500 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler

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This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosopher, novelist, and essayist Albert Camus' four Letters To A German Friend (anthologized in Resistance, Rebellion, and Death: Essays)

Specifically it examines the first letter, which elaborates the theme of love for one's country. He makes a distinction between two different conceptions of love for one's country, one which subordinates all other values and realities to one's country (as the Nazis do), and one that holds one's country to higher standards (as the French do), which seems to put them at a disadvantage.

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This lecture discusses key ideas from the 18th century philosopher and essayist David Hume's essay "The Skeptic", found in his Essays Moral, Political, and Literary, the first of his four essays that bear names of members of philosophical schools, about which he tells us: "The intention . . . is not so much to explain accurately the sentiments of the ancient sects of philosophy, as to deliver the sentiments of sects, that naturally form themselves in the world, and entertain different ideas of human life and of happiness. I have given each of them the name of the philosophical sect, to which it bears the greatest affinity."

The Skeptic is the longest of the four essays, and can be taken as a short presentation of Hume's own ideas about philosophy and life. The perspective of this fourth essay calls into question the perspectives of the three previous essays, and focuses not only on the difference in viewpoints on important matters between human beings, but also on why this is the case. It turns out the ascriptions of values such as beautiful or ugly, worthy or contemptible are additions to judgements about the truth or falsity of matters, and these value-ascriptions derive from a number of particular circumstances.

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This lecture discusses key ideas from the 18th century philosopher and essayist David Hume's essay "The Platonist", found in his Essays Moral, Political, and Literary, the first of his four essays that bear names of members of philosophical schools, about which he tells us: "The intention . . . is not so much to explain accurately the sentiments of the ancient sects of philosophy, as to deliver the sentiments of sects, that naturally form themselves in the world, and entertain different ideas of human life and of happiness. I have given each of them the name of the philosophical sect, to which it bears the greatest affinity."

He subtitles The Platonist "the man of contemplation, and philosophical devotion", and the essay both responds to the perspectives of the two previous essays and develops a perspective that transcends them, viewing contemplation of the beauty of the universe and the benevolence of God as most valuable.

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This lecture discusses key ideas from the 18th century philosopher and essayist David Hume's essay "The Stoic", found in his Essays Moral, Political, and Literary, the first of his four essays that bear names of members of philosophical schools, about which he tells us: "The intention . . . is not so much to explain accurately the sentiments of the ancient sects of philosophy, as to deliver the sentiments of sects, that naturally form themselves in the world, and entertain different ideas of human life and of happiness. I have given each of them the name of the philosophical sect, to which it bears the greatest affinity."

He subtitles The Stoic " the man of action and virtue", and the essay both responds to the perspective of the previous essay and develops a perspective that transcends it, viewing the pursuit of virtue, the active life, and the enjoyment of glory as what is genuinely valuable

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This lecture discusses key ideas from the 18th century philosopher and essayist David Hume's essay "The Epicurean", found in his Essays Moral, Political, and Literary, the first of his four essays that bear names of members of philosophical schools, about which he tells us: "The intention . . . is not so much to explain accurately the sentiments of the ancient sects of philosophy, as to deliver the sentiments of sects, that naturally form themselves in the world, and entertain different ideas of human life and of happiness. I have given each of them the name of the philosophical sect, to which it bears the greatest affinity."

He subtitles The Epicurean "the man of elegance and pleasure", and the essay elaborates a position that holds the point of life to be pleasure and enjoyment, which requires that one develop some level of virtue and select pleasures prudently.

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This lecture discusses Plato's work, The Euthyphro. In that work, Socrates is headed to the court, facing trial on charges of impiety and corrupting the youth. He gets into a discussion with Euthyphro about the nature of piety and related matters.

Here, we look at some of the features of the dramatic situation setting up the dialogue outside of the law court, where Socrates is about to defend himself against charges that include impiety, and Euthyphro is about to prosecute his own father for murder. Given that people are accusing Euthyphro himself of impiety for this action, he makes several arguments to support the claim that he himself is being pious in carrying out the prosecution

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The lecture was originally recorded as this video - https://youtu.be/04pit5Bu4bU - I have improved the sound quality as much as feasible.

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