When initial treatment with varenicline or nicotine replacement doesn't work, does increasing dosage improve smoking cessation rates? Paul Cinciripini, PhD, of MD Anderson Cancer Center's Department of Behavioral Science, joins JAMA Executive Editor Gregory Curfman, MD, to discuss guidance on the best strategies for smoking cessation following an initial quit attempt.  Related Content:  Smoking Cessation After Initial Treatment Failure With Varenicline or Nicotine Replacement 

Smoking Cessation After Initial Treatment Failure With Varenicline or Nicotine Replacement

Interviews with leading researchers and thinkers in health care about practice-changing research, innovations, and the most pressing issues facing medicine and health care today from JAMA, the Journal of the American Medical Association.

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What is the natural history and cardiovascular burden of the V142I transthyretin variant among US Black individuals who carry this variant? Senthil Selvaraj, MD, MS, MA, from Duke University, and Scott D. Solomon, MD, from Brigham and Women’s Hospital, discuss this and more with JAMA Executive Editor Gregory Curfman, MD.  Related Content:  Cardiovascular Burden of the V142I Transthyretin Variant Addressing Health Disparities—The Case for Variant Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis Grows Stronger Heart Failure in African American Individuals, Version 2.0 Cardiac Amyloidosis Due to Transthyretin Protein 

Cardiac Amyloidosis and the V142I Transthyretin Variant

Between 2019 and 2021, pediatric mortality rates had the largest increases in at least half a century. Steven H. Woolf, MD, MPH, of Virginia Commonwealth University Center on Society and Health, joins JAMA Associate Editor Tracy A. Lieu, MD, MPH, to discuss how racial and ethnic disparities and specific causes have factored into these increases and what this means for policymakers and clinicians.  Related Content:  Racial and Ethnic Disparities in All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Among US Youth Injury Prevention Science and Firearm Injury in Pediatric Health 

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Among US Youth

Extensive evidence documents health disparities for lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) women, including worse physical, mental, and behavioral health than heterosexual women. Sarah McKetta, ScM, MD, PhD, discusses these factors and their link to premature mortality with JAMA Deputy Editor Linda Brubaker, MD, MS.  Related Content:  Disparities in Mortality by Sexual Orientation in a Large, Prospective Cohort of Female Nurses 

Examining Mortality Disparities by Sexual Orientation Among Female Nurses

Can real-time EHR–generated recommendations safely reduce antibiotic use in hospitalized patients with pneumonia or UTI? Shruti K. Gohil, MD, MPH, of the University of California-Irvine, joins JAMA Deputy Editor Preeti Malani, MD, MSJ, to discuss the INSPIRE randomized clinical trial.  Related Content:  Stewardship Prompts to Improve Antibiotic Selection for Pneumonia Stewardship Prompts to Improve Antibiotic Selection for Urinary Tract Infection Harnessing the Electronic Health Record to Improve Empiric Antibiotic Prescribing 

Smoking Cessation After Initial Treatment Failure With Varenicline or Nicotine Replacement

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