“A spectre is haunting Europe — the spectre of communism!” These immortal words from the Communist Manifesto (and the title of this podcast!) herald the most important piece of political literature ever written. In our final episode of the season, we go through the Manifesto chapter-by-chapter, and explain the ongoing relevance of this amazing document.

In just a few dozen pages, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels describe the development and dynamics of capitalist society, explain the revolutionary role of communists, and issue a battlecry to the workers of the world. They draw the incredibly profound conclusion that the (written) history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles, a discovery that Engels later said had the same impact on political economy as Darwin’s theory of natural selection did on biology.

While the Manifesto was written in 1847, in reality it more accurately describes the world of today!

As Josh Holroyd, leading member of the Revolutionary Communist International, explains in our detailed chapter breakdown, the Manifesto predicts a world in which the entire population is made part of the capitalist machine, and periodically plunged into chaos by crises of overproduction. Marx and Engels fend off bourgeois slanders that communism crushes ‘freedom’ and would ‘make people lazy’. They point to the treacherous role of reformism, and teach communists how they should relate to the wider workers’ movement. And much more besides.

These theoretical insights have only gained in relevance in the 150 years since the Manifesto was published. And in practice, the ideas contained in this text have transformed the course of world history, inspiring victorious revolutions and continuing to haunt the nightmares of the capitalists and their agents.

We are delighted to end this season of the podcast with a deep dive into the foundational document of our movement. Workers of the world, unite!

📖 WORKS CITED 📖

Manifesto of the Communist Party, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels (with prefaces):

🔗https://marxist.com/communist-manifesto-chapter-1.htm

Purchase a physical copy here as part of Classics of Marxism Volume One:

🔗https://wellred-books.com/classics-volume-one/

Address of the Central Committee to the Communist League, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels:

🔗https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/communist-league/1850-ad1.htm

[Podcast] How Marx became a Marxist:

🔗https://marxist.com/podcast-how-marx-became-a-marxist.htm

“A spectre is haunting Europe — the spectre of communism!” These immortal words from the Communist Manifesto (and the title of this podcast!) herald the most important piece of political literature ever written. In our final episode of the season, we go through the Manifesto chapter-by-chapter, and explain the ongoing relevance of this amazing document.

In just a few dozen pages, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels describe the development and dynamics of capitalist society, explain the revolutionary role of communists, and issue a battlecry to the workers of the world. They draw the incredibly profound conclusion that the (written) history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles, a discovery that Engels later said had the same impact on political economy as Darwin’s theory of natural selection did on biology.

While the Manifesto was written in 1847, in reality it more accurately describes the world of today!

As Josh Holroyd, leading member of the Revolutionary Communist International, explains in our detailed chapter breakdown, the Manifesto predicts a world in which the entire population is made part of the capitalist machine, and periodically plunged into chaos by crises of overproduction. Marx and Engels fend off bourgeois slanders that communism crushes ‘freedom’ and would ‘make people lazy’. They point to the treacherous role of reformism, and teach communists how they should relate to the wider workers’ movement. And much more besides.

These theoretical insights have only gained in relevance in the 150 years since the Manifesto was published. And in practice, the ideas contained in this text have transformed the course of world history, inspiring victorious revolutions and continuing to haunt the nightmares of the capitalists and their agents.

We are delighted to end this season of the podcast with a deep dive into the foundational document of our movement. Workers of the world, unite!

📖 WORKS CITED 📖

Manifesto of the Communist Party, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels (with prefaces):

🔗https://marxist.com/communist-manifesto-chapter-1.htm

Purchase a physical copy here as part of Classics of Marxism Volume One:

🔗https://wellred-books.com/classics-volume-one/

Address of the Central Committee to the Communist League, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels:

🔗https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/communist-league/1850-ad1.htm

[Podcast] How Marx became a Marxist:

🔗https://marxist.com/podcast-how-marx-became-a-marxist.htm

The term ‘postmodernism’ is thrown around a lot by right-wing shock-jocks like Jordan Peterson, often in tandem with Marxism: although these two sets of ideas are totally opposed. In this episode, leading comrade Hamid Alizadeh takes on some of the main luminaries of this obscure, impenetrable and ultimately reactionary school including Foucault, Derrida and Lyotard.

Lyotard describes postmodernism as “incredulity towards metanarratives.” In other words: an opposition to ‘big ideas’ about history, truth, science and progress. But with these ‘big ideas’ discarded, what are we left with? As Hamid demonstrates, the answer for all the postmodernists is basically the same: we cannot know the world, let alone change it, all we can do is ‘think differently’, play around with words, and retreat to subjectivity.

They even celebrate writing in incomprehensible gibberish and ‘believing in nothing’ as a ‘radical’ act!

This cynical philosophy is a total dead-end which winds up in stasis and despair. In total contrast to Marxism, which recognises the world as made up of complex processes, and driven by an inner lawfulness towards higher and higher complexity. By knowing the world, we can organise ourselves to intervene and change it for the better.

Postmodernism is not merely a reactionary worldview, Hamid explains, it has a directly negative impact on society, serving to divide the working class through the related phenomenon of identity politics, and preserve the status quo by hampering unity of the working class.

It is our duty as Marxists to oppose these counter-revolutionary ideas, and demonstrate the vast superiority of our dialectical materialist philosophy!

📖 WORKS CITED 📖

The case for theory: why communists should study philosophy | SPECTRE OF COMMUNISM:

🔗https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pBQBXX7jZYg

Marxism vs. Postmodernism, Daniel Morley and Hamid Alizadeh:

🔗https://marxist.com/marxism-versus-postmodernism.htm

Theological-Political Treatise, Baruch Spinoza:

🔗https://assets.cambridge.org/97805218/24118/excerpt/9780521824118_excerpt.htm

Hegel, G.F. W. (1975). Hegel's Aesthetics: Lectures on Fine Art [For the quote about an ignorant man not being free]

📖 WORKS CRITIQUED 📖

Gender Trouble (Tenth Edition), Judith Butler:

🔗https://selforganizedseminar.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/butler-gender_trouble.pdf

The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge, Jean-François Lyotard:

🔗https://monoskop.org/images/e/e0/Lyotard_Jean-Francois_The_Postmodern_Condition_A_Report_on_Knowledge.pdf

The Subject and Power, Michel Foucault:

🔗https://www2.kobe-u.ac.jp/~alexroni/IPD2018%20readings/IPD1%202018%20No.8/Foucault%20Subject%20and%20Power.pdf

Differance, Jacques Derrida:

🔗https://mforbes.sites.gettysburg.edu/cims226/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Week-5a-Jacques-Derrida.pdf

Article about how the CIA used Foucault and postmodern ideas to their benefit:

🔗https://thephilosophicalsalon.com/the-cia-reads-french-theory-on-the-intellectual-labor-of-dismantling-the-cultural-left/

⏱️ TIMESTAMPS ⏱️

00:55 - What is postmodernism?

11:40 - Is language oppressive?

25:46 - 'Differance' vs Dialectics

31:58 - Are there objective patterns in the world?

40:42 - Is there a barrier between mind and matter?

01:00:54 - Practical impact of these ideas

How did Stalin outmanoeuvre Trotsky and take power following Lenin’s death? What do Marxists mean by ‘value’? And what does it really mean to ‘master the dialectic’? We went back to social media and asked for some more burning questions from our audience, for leading communist Niklas Albin Svensson to answer in a quickfire round!

Watch our previous viewers’ questions episode with Ben Curry here:

🔗https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=korpvewBWo8&t=3561s

📖 WORKS & SOURCES CITED 📖

Wage, Labour and Capital, Karl Marx:

🔗https://marxist.com/classics-wage-labour-and-capital.htm

Value, Price and Profit, Karl Marx:

🔗https://marxist.com/classics-marxism-two-book/value-price-and-profit.htm

ABC of Materialist Dialectics, Leon Trotsky:

🔗https://marxist.com/abc-materialist-dialectics-trotsky.htm

Revolution Betrayed, Leon Trotsky:

🔗https://marxist.com/classics-the-revolution-betrayed.htm

Results and Prospects, Leon Trotsky:

🔗https://marxist.com/results-and-prospects.htm

Imperialism: The Highest Stage of Capitalism, Vladimir Lenin:

🔗https://marxist.com/classics-imperialism-the-highest-stage-of-capitalism/.htm

The Wealth of Nations, Book One, Chapter 5:

🔗https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/smith-adam/works/wealth-of-nations/book01/ch05.htm

Astronomy Is In Crisis...And It's Incredibly Exciting - 3 million views (discusses crisis in cosmology):

🔗https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zozEm4f_dlw

Reason in Revolt, Ted Grant and Alan Woods:

🔗https://marxist.com/reason-in-revolt-marxist-philosophy-and-modern-science.htm

Purchase In Defence of Marxism Issue 51 here:

🔗https://magazine.marxist.com/

⏱️ TIMESTAMPS ⏱️

00:57 - What is value?

22:18 - How to master the dialectic?

52:20 - How did Stalin come to power?

1:04:23 - How did capitalism affect post-Soviet countries?

🌐 LINKS 🌐

✊ Join the Revolutionary Communist International: https://marxist.com/join-us.htm

📸 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/revcomintern/

💬 Twitter: https://x.com/revcomintern/

Ted Grant is not widely known outside of revolutionary circles, but he was the most important Marxist theorist since the death of Leon Trotsky, who alone predicted the course of world politics after WWII. Amongst other things, he foresaw the post-war economic upswing; the expropriation of capitalism in China and much of Eastern Europe; Stalin’s clashes with Tito and Mao; and much more besides. In this episode, his closest collaborator Alan Woods, the main leader and theorist of the RCI, reminisces about Ted’s life and works, and explains the importance of his contributions.

In today’s episode, Alan talks about Ted’s legacy. He emphasises not only Ted’s brilliant mastery of Marxism, which gave him a huge advantage over his contemporaries; but also his humanity, his indignance towards all forms of injustice, and his profound sense of optimism. While the road to revolution is long and often difficult, Ted always said, there are two indispensable traits for any revolutionary: a sense of proportion and a sense of humour!

Aside from the organisation we inherit today, Ted’s main legacy can be found in his tremendous contributions to Marxist theory and analysis. The third volume of his collected works will be released in January 2026. 

Stalinist land programme wins peasants, Chiang’s conscripts roped to prevent escape, Ted Grant:

🔗https://www.marxists.org/archive/grant/1949/01/china.htm 

Democracy or Bonapartism in Europe - A Reply to Pierre Frank, Ted Grant:

🔗https://www.marxists.org/archive/grant/1946/08/frank.htm 

Ted’s obituaries in the bourgeois press:

🔗https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1524889/Ted-Grant.html,

🔗https://www.theguardian.com/news/2006/jul/27/guardianobituaries.southafrica 

Ted Grant: The Permanent Revolutionary, Alan Woods:
🔗https://wellred-books.com/ted-grant-the-permanent-revolutionary/
The degeneration and collapse of the Fourth International: in defence of our heritage, RCI:

🔗https://marxist.com/the-degeneration-and-collapse-of-the-fourth-international.htm
The TRUTH about World War 2: Marxist historian sets the record straight | SPECTRE OF COMMUNISM:
🔗https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u1vobbAMUzM&t=1191s
The Changed Relationship of Forces in Europe and the Role of the Fourth International, Ted Grant:

🔗https://www.marxists.org/archive/grant/1945/03/changed.htm

Economic Perspectives 1946, Ted Grant:

🔗https://www.marxists.org/archive/grant/1946/04/economy.htm

Perspectives in Britain, Ted Grant:

🔗https://www.marxists.org/archive/grant/1946/07/britain.htm

Czechoslovakia: The Issues Involved, Ted Grant:

🔗https://www.marxists.org/archive/grant/1948/04/czechoslovakia.htm

Reply to David James, Ted Grant:

🔗https://www.marxists.org/archive/grant/1949/james.htm

Stalinism in the Postwar World, Ted Grant:

🔗https://www.marxists.org/archive/grant/1951/06/stalinism

A decade ago, Greece became the epicentre of a political earthquake. Brutal EU and IMF-imposed austerity measures provoked a revolutionary struggle by workers and youth, who vested their hopes in the left-wing SYRIZA government to take on the institutions of European capitalism. But in the end, these reformist leaders prepared a betrayal. What are the lessons of Greece that must be learned for the class struggle today?

In this episode of the Spectre of Communism podcast, Francesco Merli, leading member of the Revolutionary Communist International, takes us step-by-step through the whole process, beginning with the impact of the financial crisis of 2008 that saw Greece’s creditors inflicting economic warfare against the country. Francesco explains that the Greek workers and youth did not take this lying down, launching multiple back-to-back general strikes over the course of seven years, before finally electing SYRIZA on a radical reformist programme in 2015.

Today, class fighters around the world continue to draw inspiration from the heroism and fighting spirit that the Greek people displayed over this long struggle. We point to the experience of the SYRIZA government as a concrete illustration of the betrayal inherent in reformism. The lessons of Greece are invaluable for the victory of the future European and world revolution!

📖 SOURCES CITED 📖

‘Lessons from Greece’, In Defence of Magazine Issue 50, Summer 2025, Arturo Rodriguez:

🔗 https://marxist.com/magazine.htm

‘The class struggle in Greece’, Alan Woods:

🔗 https://communist.red/the-class-struggle-in-greece/

‘Tsipras addresses American-Hellenic Chamber of Commerce’, Tovima,

🔗https://www.tovima.gr/2013/12/03/international/tsipras-addresses-american-hellenic-chamber-of-commerce/

‘Greece: SYRIZA leaders preparing for government – what is the next step?’, Fred Weston and Stamatis Karagiannopoulos:

🔗 https://marxist.com/syriza-leaders-preparing-for-government-what-is-the-next-step.htm

‘Greece: Historic victory of left - First time in history a party with roots in Communist movement wins elections’, Communist Tendency of Syriza:

🔗 https://marxist.com/historic-victory-of-the-left-in-greece-for-the-first-time-in-history-a-party-with-roots-in-the-communist-movement-has-come-to-power.htm

‘SYRIZA in power, the crisis and the Greek revolution’, Marie Frederiksen:

🔗 https://marxist.com/syriza-in-power-the-crisis-and-the-greek-revolution.htm

‘Why Greek Exit From The Euro Would Be A Very Bad Idea’, Frances Coppola, Forbes:

🔗https://www.forbes.com/sites/francescoppola/2015/02/17/why-greek-exit-from-the-euro-would-be-a-very-bad-idea/

‘Greece: No surrender to the Troika!’, Fred Weston:

🔗 https://marxist.com/greece-no-surrender-to-the-troika.htm

‘Greece: A troika by any other name would smell as rotten’, Jorge Martin:

🔗 https://marxist.com/greece-a-troika-by-any-other-name-would-smell-as-rotten.htm

‘Greece: The moment of decision’, Alan Woods:

🔗 https://marxist.com/greece-the-moment-of-decision.htm

‘Varoufakis’ mission “to save European capitalism from itself”’, Fred Weston:

🔗 https://marxist.com/varoufakis-mission-to-save-european-capitalism-from-itself.htm

‘Greek default approaching – what next?’, Fred Weston:

🔗 https://marxist.com/greek-default-approaching-what-next.htm

‘Greek crisis: the only way to break with austerity is to break with capitalism’, Jorge Martin:

🔗 https://marxist.com/greek-crisis-the-only-way-to-break-with-austerity-is-to-break-with-capitalism.htm

Has communism ever been a serious force in the Middle East? Are Marxists in favour of shrinking the economy to save the environment? Has there been a shift to the right in society?

We took to social media and asked our viewers to send in questions about communism, Marxism and revolution for leading communist, Ben Curry, to answer in a quickfire round!

Chapters:

00:00:54: The History of the Communist Movement/Parties in the Middle East

00:28:05: Marxism vs. Degrowth

00:57:33: Why is the Left so Weak?

Works and sources cited:

The 1917 Russian Revolution: A Complete Timeline | SPECTRE OF COMMUNISM: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eXzg544UyJ0&list=PLmkivsu9EhGABC5d-wtbSuk8D9fx55gh1  

Molotov’s telegram to Israeli Foreign Minister 1948, cited here: https://marxist.com/stalin-and-the-founding-of-israel.htm  

‘Green growth’ doesn’t exist – less of everything is the only way to avert catastrophe, George Monbiot: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/sep/29/green-growth-economic-activity-environment  

Communism and the Iraqi Revolution, Ben Curry: https://marxist.com/communism-and-the-iraqi-revolution-part-one.htm  

Population Matters, David Attenborough: https://populationmatters.org/news/2020/10/attenborough-film-saving-our-planet-requires-ending-population-growth/  

A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy, Karl Marx: https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1859/critique-pol-economy/preface.htm  

The Communists Are Coming – A Visual Manifesto | RCI Documentary: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MhOCEYM8LZE  

Trotsky wrote in ‘The Tragedy of Spain’ (1939) that, despite the Spanish proletariat’s revolutionary heroism, they were “brought to ruin by petty, despicable, and utterly corrupted ‘leaders.’” In this episode, we chart the great triumphs and tragic demise of the Spanish Revolution in a complete timeline. Chapters listed below!

The Spanish Revolution that ran from 1931 to 1937 is one of the most remarkable and inspirational events in world history. The Spanish workers brought down the hated regime of King Alfonso XIII in April 1931; and strived to win freedom, dignity and a decent existence, which was continually denied to them by a procession of bourgeois and so-called Popular Front governments of class collaboration. 

The Spanish workers spontaneously rallied to repel an attempted military coup by General Franco in 1936, and established workers’ power in key cities like Barcelona. Time and again, victory was within reach. But sadly they were betrayed at every step by the bourgeois leaders of the Republic; as well as the blunders and outright crimes of the workers’ leaders: anarchists, socialists, communists and the POUM alike.

The price for these betrayals was the crushing of the revolution, with the Stalinist Communist Party (on the orders of the Comintern) playing an especially criminal role; and the eventual victory of General Franco in the Civil War, ushering in decades of military dictatorship.

Leading member of the Revolutionary Communist International, Jorge Martin, takes us through these remarkable years, month-by-month, revealing the entire process by which the Spanish Revolution rose and fell. 

--

Chapters:

00:01:27 – The importance of the Spanish Revolution

00:03:20 – Conditions prior to the Revolution

00:10:13 – Main political forces in Spain explained

00:20:45 – April 1931, start of the Revolution

00:23:03 – October 1931, beginning of Reformist Biennium

00:23:19 – June 1932, first elected government

00:26:02 – August 1932, attempted military coup

00:27:00 – November 1933, second election, CEDA the biggest party

00:30:54 – July 1934, coup in Austria 

00:35:26 – October 1934, insurrectionary general strike and Asturian commune

00:48:04 – September 1935, founding of the POUM, two black years

00:51:31 – February 1936, Popular Front government elected

00:58:07 – April 1936, president ousted from Cortes

00:59:53 – July 1936, Franco coup defeated

01:18:41 – August 1936, changing policy of Communist Party

01:20:11 – September 1936, Caballero government

01:21:58 – October 1936, militias placed under control of bourgeois army

01:27:59 – November 1936, CNT leaders join Republican government in Madrid

01:34:17 – December 1936, repression against POUM and anarchists

01:34:32 – January 1937, POUM paper closed

01:40:17 – May 1937, Red Barcelona crushed

01:45:58 – June 1937, Nin arrested, POUM crushed

01:50:20 – August 1937, Negrin's 'government of Victory' sabotages war effort

01:52:08 – January 1938, Stalin recalling International Brigades

01:52:46 – March 1939, another coup and attempted deal with Franco

01:52:58 – April 1939, Franco enters Madrid

01:53:25 – Consequences of the revolution's defeat

---

Works cited and sources:

Revolution and Counter-Revolution in Spain, Felix Morrow: https://wellred-books.com/revolution-and-counter-revolution-in-spain/The Revolution and the Civil War in Spain, Pierre Broué and Emile Témime: https://www.marxists.org/archive/broue/1961/spain/rev-spain.htmlCollected Writings on The Spanish Revolution, Leon Trotsky: https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/spain/index.htmThe Class, the Party and the Leadership: Why Was the Spanish Proletariat Defeated? [Questions of Marxist Theory], Leon Trotsky: https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/1940/xx/party.htmHomage to Catalonia, George Orwell: https://www.marxists.org/archive/orwell/1938/homage-catalonia.htm

Trotsky wrote in ‘The Tragedy of Spain’ (1939) that, despite the Spanish proletariat’s revolutionary heroism, they were “brought to ruin by petty, despicable, and utterly corrupted ‘leaders.’” In this episode, we chart the great triumphs and tragic demise of the Spanish Revolution in a complete timeline.

The Spanish Revolution that ran from 1931 to 1937 is one of the most remarkable and inspirational events in world history. The Spanish workers brought down the hated regime of King Alfonso XIII in April 1931; and strived to win freedom, dignity and a decent existence, which was continually denied to them by a procession of bourgeois and so-called Popular Front governments of class collaboration. 

The Spanish workers spontaneously rallied to repel an attempted military coup by General Franco in 1936, and established workers’ power in key cities like Barcelona. Time and again, victory was within reach. But sadly they were betrayed at every step by the bourgeois leaders of the Republic; as well as the blunders and outright crimes of the workers’ leaders: anarchists, socialists, communists and the POUM alike.

The price for these betrayals was the crushing of the revolution, with the Stalinist Communist Party (on the orders of the Comintern) playing an especially criminal role; and the eventual victory of General Franco in the Civil War, ushering in decades of military dictatorship.

Leading member of the Revolutionary Communist International, Jorge Martin, takes us through these remarkable years, month-by-month, revealing the entire process by which the Spanish Revolution rose and fell.

---

Works cited and sources:

Revolution and Counter-Revolution in Spain, Felix Morrow: https://wellred-books.com/revolution-and-counter-revolution-in-spain/ 

The Revolution and the Civil War in Spain, Pierre Broué and Emile Témime: https://www.marxists.org/archive/broue/1961/spain/rev-spain.html 

Collected Writings on The Spanish Revolution, Leon Trotsky: https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/spain/index.htm 

The Class, the Party and the Leadership: Why Was the Spanish Proletariat Defeated? [Questions of Marxist Theory], Leon Trotsky: https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/1940/xx/party.htm 

Homage to Catalonia, George Orwell: https://www.marxists.org/archive/orwell/1938/homage-catalonia.htm 

The Russian Revolution of 1917 was the greatest event in human history. For the first time, ordinary working people were able to win power and hold onto it. Our new season of the Spectre of Communism podcast kicks off with a complete timeline of the revolution, from January to October, charting 10 months that shook the world! 

The Russian proletariat, allied with peasantry (many of whom were soldiers who had been fighting in the Great War) successfully brought down the brutal regime of Tsar Nicholas II in February and established the soviets (mass workers’ councils).

Lenin was able, through patient work, to arm the Bolshevik Party with the correct slogans and tactics to win over the workers and peasants organised in the soviets. Under the leadership of Lenin, Trotsky and the Bolsheviks, the masses finally felled the capitalist provisional government in October and created a workers’ government: the first in history that began to carry out its programme.

Fred Weston from the leadership of the Revolutionary Communist International takes us through the events of 1917, month by month, culminating in the seizure of power. This incredible story altered the course of world history and remains an immense inspiration to revolutionaries today.

—

Works cited and sources:

History of the Russian Revolution, Leon Trotsky: https://wellred-books.com/history-of-the-russian-revolution/

The History of the Russian Revolution to Brest-Litovsk, Leon Trotsky: https://wellred-books.com/the-history-of-the-russian-revolution-to-brest-litovsk/ 

Letter to Volksrecht, V.I. Lenin: https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1917/mar/29.htm 

The April Theses (The Tasks of the Proletariat in the Present Revolution)’, V.I. Lenin: https://marxist.com/the-april-theses-the-tasks-of-the-proletariat-in-the-present-revolution.htm 

Letters from Afar, V.I. Lenin: https://marxist.com/letters-from-afar.htm 

A History of Soviet Russia, E.H. Carr: https://www.amazon.co.uk/History-Soviet-Russia-Revolution-Constitutional/dp/014020749X 

The War, J. V. Stalin: https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1917/03/16.htm 

 On Slogans, V.I. Lenin: https://marxist.com/on-slogans.htm 

In Kerensky’s Jail, Proletarskaya Revolutsia, F. Raskolnikov (not available online)

*Lenin’s ‘words not deeds’ statement is miscited in the episode as ‘The Bolsheviks Must Assume Power, A Letter to the Central Committee and the Petrograd And Moscow Committees Of The R.S.D.L.P.(B.), V.I. Lenin: https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1917/sep/14.htm’. This was actually sent on the 24th, just before the seizure of power. The statement Fred is referencing from 16 October can be found here: https://pdfcoffee.com/ronald-grigor-suny-the-soviet-experiment-russia-the-ussr-and-the-successor-states-1997-oxford-university-press-usa-pdf-free.html 

Bolshevism: The Road to Revolution, Alan Woods: https://wellred-books.com/bolshevism-the-road-to-revolution/ 

In Defence of Lenin, Rob Sewell and Alan Woods: https://wellred-books.com/in-defence-of-lenin/ 

In Defence of Marxism Issue 51: https://marxist.com/magazine.htm 

State and Revolution, V.I. Lenin: https://wellred-books.com/state-and-revolution/ 

10 Days That Shook the World, John Reed: https://www.marxists.org/ebooks/reed/ten-days-that-shook-the-world-reed.pdf