Speech Talk

This week on Speech Talk, we’re breaking down two of our favorite fast and evidence-backed dysphagia screeners: the TOMASS and the Yale Swallow Protocol. If you’ve ever been buried in a busy SNF day and wished for a quick but reliable way to check someone’s swallow, this episode is your new best friend.

We walk you through how each tool works, what the research says, and why a simple cracker and a cup of water can give you so much clinically relevant information. You’ll hear practical tips for saving time, collaborating with nursing and OT, knowing when NOT to use these screeners, and using the results to support stronger documentation and referrals.

Grab a saltine, pull up your badge buddy, and let’s talk about dysphagia screening you can actually use in your practice.

CitationsTodaro, F., Pizzorni, N., Scarponi, L., Ronzoni, C., Huckabee, M. L., & Schindler, A. (2021). The Test of Masticating and Swallowing Solids (TOMASS): Reliability and validity in patients with dysphagia. International journal of language & communication disorders, 56(3), 558–566. https://doi.org/10.1111/1460-6984.12613 Suiter, D. M., Sloggy, J., & Leder, S. B. (2014). Validation of the Yale Swallow Protocol: a prospective double-blinded videofluoroscopic study. Dysphagia, 29(2), 199–203. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00455-013-9488-3 

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Productivity: the push button topic in the SNF world. If you’ve ever felt torn between what’s ethical and what’s expected, this episode will hit home.

Instead of a research article, we dive into Akyko S. West’s dissertation on productivity requirements and moral distress in SNF rehab therapists (SLPs, PTs, OTs, RTs, and their assistants). This paper READS like every conversation we’ve had in break rooms for yearsss.

We get real about navigating profit-driven healthcare, maintaining integrity, advocating for yourself, and knowing when to walk away.

Citation: https://www.proquest.com/openview/0bd846d6fcbbeac4fd83aceacabfb8a7/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y

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We break down the Dysphagia Outcome and Severity Scale (DOSS)—a 7-point scale created to bring consistency, clarity, and objective severity ratings to dysphagia evals. We dig into the original 1999 article, why the scale was developed, and how SLPs can use it to support documentation, payor justification, and person-centered goal writing.

Citation:

Dysphagia Outcome and Severity Scale (DOSS)
O’Neil, K. H., Purdy, M., Falk, J., & Gallo, L. (2014). The Dysphagia Outcome and Severity Scale. The ASHA Leader. https://leader.pubs.asha.org/doi/full/10.1044/leader.FTR1.19062014.36

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How likely is someone with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) to develop dementia down the line? In this episode, we’re digging into two key studies that explore how different types of MCI—amnesic, non-amnesic, and multi-domain—relate to the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Breaking down what the data says, what tests matter most, and what we can actually say when patients ask, “So… am I going to have dementia?”

This one’s all about making sense of cognitive subtypes, connecting research to real-world evaluation and discharge planning, and keeping our patient education rooted in evidence (and compassion).

Citations:

Kosmidis, M. (2018). Visual memory tests enhance the identification of amnestic MCI cases at greater risk of Alzheimer's disease. International Psychogeriatrics. https://doi.org/10.1017/S104161021800145X

Serrano, C. M., Dillon, C., Leis, A., Taragano, F. E., & Allegri, R. F. (2013). Mild cognitive impairment: risk of dementia according to subtypes. Actas espanolas de psiquiatria, 41(6), 330–339.

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How gross is puree? This week, we’re talking about dysphagia and food presentation. We looked at a study that compared how patients felt about molded versus un-molded purees (spoiler: looks matter, but taste still wins). We’ll talk about how this ties into patient intake, quality of life, and what we actually can do about it in real-world settings—especially when we're not running the kitchen. Grab your scoop molds and let's dig in.

Articles Cited:

Wright, L., Cotter, D., & Hickson, M. (2005). The effectiveness of food presentation on intake and nutritional status in elderly patients with dysphagia. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 18(6), 321–326. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-277X.2005.00635.x 

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In this episode, we’re diving into the world of AI and how it’s showing up in speech-language pathology. We looked at two articles—one on using AI to rate dysarthria severity, and another on using ChatGPT to help make therapy materials. We’ll break down the basics of machine learning and deep learning, talk about what works (and what’s still kind of clunky), and share how we’ve been using these tools in real-life sessions. Whether you’re AI-curious or already experimenting, this one’s for you.

Citations:

Al-Ali, A., Al-Maadeed, S., Saleh, M., Naidu, R. C., Alex, Z. C., Ramachandran, P., Khoodeeram, R., & Kumar, R. M. (2024). The detection of dysarthria severity levels using AI models: A review. IEEE Access, 12, 48223–48238. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3382574

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (2024). Using ChatGPT to create therapy materials: What SLPs need to know. https://leader.pubs.asha.org/do/10.1044/leader.EOAI.29032024.chatgbt-therapy-materials-slp.26/ful

ASHA Symposium: https://pubs.asha.org/doi/10.1044/2024_JSLHR-24-00594

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The EAT-10 is a quick self-assessment tool used in dysphagia screening, but how valid is it really? In this episode, Eva and Emily break down a study by Möller et al. that evaluates both the structural and clinical validity of the EAT-10—and what that means for your practice. Plus, we introduce a free Badge Buddy resource to help you screen more efficiently.

Freebies:

Eat-10/Section K Badge Buddy Print this out, laminate, and attach to your work badge!

Articles Cited:

Möller R, Safa S, Östberg P. A prospective study for evaluation of structural and clinical validity of the Eating Assessment Tool. BMC Geriatr. 2020 Aug 5;20(1):269. doi: 10.1186/s12877-020-01654-0. PMID: 32758137; PMCID: PMC7405447.

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Join Eva and Emily as they explore whether hearing loss contributes to dementia. They break down key research, including the ACHIEVE study, and share insights for clinical practice. Learn how SLPs can advocate for hearing screenings, support social engagement, and recognize when cognitive changes might actually be related to hearing. Plus, real stories from the field and thoughtful discussion about patient quality of life.

Articles Cited:

Lin, F. R., Metter, E. J., O'Brien, R. J., Resnick, S. M., Zonderman, A. B., & Ferrucci, L. (2011). Hearing loss and incident dementia. Archives of Neurology, 68(2), 214–220. https://doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2010.362

Johns Hopkins Medicine. Hearing Loss and Dementia. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/hearing-loss/hearing-loss-and-dementia

The ACHIEVE Study. National Institute on Aging. https://agingresearchbiobank.nia.nih.gov/studies/achieve

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In this episode of Speech Talk, Eva and Emily explore how GERD impacts swallowing, nutrition, and patient care in skilled nursing facilities. Learn how to recognize GERD-related symptoms, advocate for proper referrals, educate CNAs, and navigate precautions like posture and diet modifications. With clinical research and personal stories, they break down practical steps SLPs can take to make a difference in GERD management—without overstepping scope.

Articles Referenced:

Revicki, D. A., Wood, M., Maton, P. N., & Sorensen, S. (1998). The impact of gastroesophageal reflux disease on health-related quality of life. The American Journal of Medicine, 104(3), 252–258. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9343(97)00354-9

Abraham, B. P., & Gulati, N. (2022). Proton pump inhibitors: Risks and benefits. Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine, 89(12), 700–703. https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.89a.22059

Cleveland Clinic. (n.d.). Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Cleveland Clinic. Retrieved May 25, 2025, from https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/proton-pump-inhibitors

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This week, we’re diving into one of the murkiest waters of SLP practice: cognitive interventions for people with dementia. When you hear “Well, can’t you just work on following directions?”—do you cry inside? Same. That’s why we’re unpacking a meta-analysis to give you the research-backed confidence to stand your ground.

We reviewed “Do cognitive interventions improve general cognition in dementia? A meta-analysis and meta-regression” by Huntley et al. to understand what works, what doesn’t, and what’s still unclear when it comes to treating dementia in a meaningful way. Spoiler alert: only treatment shown to have a positive impact on standardized testing, but there’s still a long way to go when it comes to proving quality-of-life improvements.

Articles Referenced:

Huntley, J.D., et al. Do cognitive interventions improve general cognition in dementia? A meta-analysis and meta-regression. BMJ Open, 2015

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