Welcome back to the Bar Exam Toolbox podcast! Today, we're going to be discussing Professional Responsibility, and specifically, exceptions to confidentiality under the ABA and California rules.

In this episode, we discuss:

• The ABA and California rules for confidentiality of information
• Exceptions to the rules for confidentiality
• Analyzing three fact patterns from previous California bar exams

Resources:

• “Listen and Learn” series (https://barexamtoolbox.com/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-archive-by-topic/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-explaining-individual-mee-and-california-bar-essay-questions/#listen-learn)
• The Brainy Bar Bank: Streamlining Bar Study (https://barexamtoolbox.com/brainy-bar-bank/)
• California Bar Examination – Essay Questions and Selected Answers, February 2022 (https://www.calbar.ca.gov/Portals/0/documents/admissions/Examinations/February2022CBX_Questions.pdf)
• California Bar Examination – Essay Questions and Selected Answers, July 2016 (https://www.calbar.ca.gov/Portals/0/documents/admissions/gbx/July2016_CBXSelectedAnswers_EssayQuestions1-6_R.pdf)
• Podcast Episode 24: Tackling a California Bar Exam Essay: Professional Responsibility and Evidence (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-24-tackling-a-california-bar-exam-essay-professional-responsibility-and-evidence/)

Download the Transcript (https://barexamtoolbox.com/episode-190-listen-and-learn-exceptions-to-confidentiality-professional-responsibility/)

If you enjoy the podcast, we'd love a nice review and/or rating on Apple Podcasts (https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-pass-bar-exam-less-stress/id1370651486) or your favorite listening app. And feel free to reach out to us directly. You can always reach us via the contact form on the Bar Exam Toolbox website (https://barexamtoolbox.com/contact-us/). Finally, if you don't want to miss anything, you can sign up for podcast updates (https://barexamtoolbox.com/get-bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-updates/)!

Thanks for listening!

Alison & Lee

Welcome back to the Bar Exam Toolbox podcast! Today, we're discussing what to think about to be successful on the bar, especially if you haven't taken many closed-book exams in law school.

In this episode, we discuss:

• Limiting the amount of material you'll be trying to learn
• The three categories of law showing up on the bar exam
• Different memorization techniques
• Learning tips that tend to work for everyone
• Thinking about your particular learning style

Resources:

• Writing of the Week (WOW) Bar Essay Workshop (https://barexamtoolbox.com/writing-of-the-week-wow-bar-essay-workshop/)
• The Brainy Bar Bank: Streamlining Bar Study (https://barexamtoolbox.com/brainy-bar-bank/)
• NCBE (https://www.ncbex.org/)
• SmartBarPrep (https://smartbarprep.com/)
• Sketchy Law (https://www.sketchy.com/labs/law)
• Bar Study Tip: Handwriting Study Materials (https://barexamtoolbox.com/bar-study-tip-handwriting-outlines/)
• Podcast Episode 15: How to Study for the Bar If You're an Auditory Learner (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-15-how-to-study-for-the-bar-if-youre-an-auditory-learner/)
• Podcast Episode 16: How to Study for the Bar Exam as a Visual Learner (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-16-how-to-study-for-the-bar-exam-as-a-visual-learner/)
• Podcast Episode 17: How to Study for the Bar If You're a Kinesthetic Learner (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-17-how-to-study-for-the-bar-if-youre-a-kinesthetic-learner/)
• Podcast Episode 42: Memorization Techniques for the Bar Exam (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-42-memorization-techniques-for-the-bar-exam/)
• Podcast Episode 118: More on Memorization for the Bar Exam (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-118-more-on-memorization-for-the-bar-exam/)
• Podcast Episode 67: Developing Attack Plans for the Bar Exam (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-67-developing-attack-plans-for-the-bar-exam/)
• Podcast Episode 83: Honing Your Mindset for Bar Exam Studying (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-83-honing-your-mindset-for-bar-exam-studying/)

Download the Transcript (https://barexamtoolbox.com/episode-189-how-to-prepare-for-the-biggest-closed-book-exam-youll-probably-ever-take-the-bar-exam/)

If you enjoy the podcast, we'd love a nice review and/or rating on Apple Podcasts (https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-pass-bar-exam-less-stress/id1370651486) or your favorite listening app. And feel free to reach out to us directly. You can always reach us via the contact form on the Bar Exam Toolbox website (https://barexamtoolbox.com/contact-us/). Finally, if you don't want to miss anything, you can sign up for podcast updates (https://barexamtoolbox.com/get-bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-updates/)!

Thanks for listening!

Alison & Lee

Welcome back to the Bar Exam Toolbox podcast! Today, we're discussing the First Amendment, a big topic in Constitutional Law. Specifically, we're looking at how far press freedom extends.

In this episode, we discuss:

• When the First Amendment does not protect the press from liability
• Disclosure of private facts in the press
• Defamation of private citizens and public figures 
• Analyzing a hypo illustrating the above concepts

Resources:

• “Listen and Learn” series (https://barexamtoolbox.com/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-archive-by-topic/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-explaining-individual-mee-and-california-bar-essay-questions/#listen-learn)
• The Brainy Bar Bank: Streamlining Bar Study (https://barexamtoolbox.com/brainy-bar-bank/)
• Examples & Explanations for Constitutional Law (https://www.amazon.com/Examples-Explanations-Constitutional-Law-Federalism-dp-1543850871/dp/1543850871/ref=dp_ob_title_bk)
• Cohen v. Cowles Media Co., 501 U.S. 663 (1991) (https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/501/663/)
• Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc., 418 U.S. 323 (1974) (https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/418/323/)
• Podcast Episode 104: Listen and Learn – Intentional Torts: Defamation (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-104-listen-and-learn-intentional-torts-defamation/)
• Podcast Episode 123: Listen and Learn – First Amendment (Content-Neutral Restrictions) (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-123-listen-and-learn-first-amendment-content-neutral-restrictions/)

Download the Transcript (https://barexamtoolbox.com/episode-188-listen-and-learn-freedom-of-the-press-con-law/)

If you enjoy the podcast, we'd love a nice review and/or rating on Apple Podcasts (https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-pass-bar-exam-less-stress/id1370651486) or your favorite listening app. And feel free to reach out to us directly. You can always reach us via the contact form on the Bar Exam Toolbox website (https://barexamtoolbox.com/contact-us/). Finally, if you don't want to miss anything, you can sign up for podcast updates (https://barexamtoolbox.com/get-bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-updates/)!

Thanks for listening!

Alison & Lee

Welcome back to the Bar Exam Toolbox podcast! Today we're talking about state sovereign immunity, pursuant to the Eleventh Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. 

In this episode, we discuss:

• What does the Eleventh Amendment to the U.S. Constitution establish?
• Where the state sovereign immunity doctrine does and does not apply
• Exceptions to state sovereign immunity – or when a party can sue a state
• Analyzing two hypos from previous California bar exams

Resources:

• “Listen and Learn” series (https://barexamtoolbox.com/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-archive-by-topic/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-explaining-individual-mee-and-california-bar-essay-questions/#listen-learn)
• The Brainy Bar Bank: Streamlining Bar Study (https://barexamtoolbox.com/brainy-bar-bank/)
• California Bar Examination – Essay Questions and Selected Answers, July 2016 (https://www.calbar.ca.gov/Portals/0/documents/admissions/gbx/July2016_CBXSelectedAnswers_EssayQuestions1-6_R.pdf)

Download the Transcript (https://barexamtoolbox.com/episode-187-listen-and-learn-state-sovereign-immunity-con-law/)

If you enjoy the podcast, we'd love a nice review and/or rating on Apple Podcasts (https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-pass-bar-exam-less-stress/id1370651486) or your favorite listening app. And feel free to reach out to us directly. You can always reach us via the contact form on the Bar Exam Toolbox website (https://barexamtoolbox.com/contact-us/). Finally, if you don't want to miss anything, you can sign up for podcast updates (https://barexamtoolbox.com/get-bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-updates/)!

Thanks for listening!

Alison & Lee

Welcome back to the Bar Exam Toolbox podcast! Today, we will be discussing Proximate Cause – a subtopic of Negligence under Tort Law.

In this episode, we discuss:

• Reviewing the elements of negligence
• The two hurdles a plaintiff must overcome when it comes to causation
• The rule for proximate cause
• Intervening causes and intervening criminal acts
• Analyzing two hypos from previous California bar exams

Resources:

• “Listen and Learn” series (https://barexamtoolbox.com/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-archive-by-topic/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-explaining-individual-mee-and-california-bar-essay-questions/#listen-learn)
• The Brainy Bar Bank: Streamlining Bar Study (https://barexamtoolbox.com/brainy-bar-bank/)
• California Bar Examination – Essay Questions and Selected Answers, July 2010 (https://juraxbar.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/July-2010-CBX.pdf)
• California Bar Examination – Essay Questions and Selected Answers, July 2014 (https://www.calbar.ca.gov/Portals/0/documents/admissions/gbx/July2014CBX_SelectedAnswersEssays1-6_R.pdf)
• Podcast Episode 88: Listen and Learn – Negligence Per Se (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-88-listen-and-learn-negligence-per-se/)
• Podcast Episode 97: Listen and Learn – The Reasonable Person Standard (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-97-listen-and-learn-the-reasonable-person-standard/)

Download the Transcript (https://barexamtoolbox.com/episode-186-listen-and-learn-negligence-proximate-cause/)

If you enjoy the podcast, we'd love a nice review and/or rating on Apple Podcasts (https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-pass-bar-exam-less-stress/id1370651486) or your favorite listening app. And feel free to reach out to us directly. You can always reach us via the contact form on the Bar Exam Toolbox website (https://barexamtoolbox.com/contact-us/). Finally, if you don't want to miss anything, you can sign up for podcast updates (https://barexamtoolbox.com/get-bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-updates/)!

Thanks for listening!

Alison & Lee

Welcome back to the Bar Exam Toolbox podcast! The topic of today's "Listen and Learn" episode is Criminal Procedure. Specifically, we're talking about a few topics related to the prosecution of a criminal trial: burden of proof, presumptions, and sufficiency of the evidence.

In this episode, we discuss:

• The burden of proof in a criminal case
• A review of the substantive law defining murder
• Rebuttable and irrebuttable presumptions in jury instructions
• How do we know whether the prosecution has met its burden?
• When can the defendant move for a judgment of acquittal?
• Analyzing two hypos from previous California bar exams

Resources:

• “Listen and Learn” series (https://barexamtoolbox.com/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-archive-by-topic/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-explaining-individual-mee-and-california-bar-essay-questions/#listen-learn)
• The Brainy Bar Bank: Streamlining Bar Study (https://barexamtoolbox.com/brainy-bar-bank/)
• California Bar Examination – Essay Questions and Selected Answers, February 2008 (https://nwculaw.edu/pdf/bar/February%202008%20Essays%20and%20Sample%20Answers.pdf)
• California Bar Examination – Essay Questions and Selected Answers, July 2010 (https://juraxbar.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/July-2010-CBX.pdf)
• Podcast Episode 70: Tackling a California Bar Exam Essay: Criminal Law and Procedure (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-70-tackling-a-california-bar-exam-essay-criminal-law-and-procedure/)
• Podcast Episode 79: Tackling an MEE Criminal Law/Procedure and Evidence Essay (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-79-tackling-an-mee-criminal-law-procedure-and-evidence-essay/)
• Podcast Episode 87: Listen and Learn – Homicide (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-87-listen-and-learn-homicide/)
• Podcast Episode 117: Listen and Learn – Due Process and Equal Protection (Con Law) (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-117-listen-and-learn-due-process-and-equal-protection-con-law/)
• Approaching Criminal Law Questions on the MBE (https://barexamtoolbox.com/approaching-criminal-law-questions-on-the-mbe/)

Download the Transcript (https://barexamtoolbox.com/episode-185-listen-and-learn-prosecution-of-a-criminal-trial/)

If you enjoy the podcast, we'd love a nice review and/or rating on Apple Podcasts (https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-pass-bar-exam-less-stress/id1370651486) or your favorite listening app. And feel free to reach out to us directly. You can always reach us via the contact form on the Bar Exam Toolbox website (https://barexamtoolbox.com/contact-us/). Finally, if you don't want to miss anything, you can sign up for podcast updates (https://barexamtoolbox.com/get-bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-updates/)!

Thanks for listening!

Alison & Lee

Welcome back to the Bar Exam Toolbox podcast! Today, we're discussing a couple of topics that go hand in hand in Corporations essays - the duty of care and the business judgment rule.

In this episode, we discuss:

• A review of the duty of care
• What is the business judgment rule?
• How the business judgment rule can be rebutted
• Analyzing two hypos from previous California bar exams

Resources:

• “Listen and Learn” series (https://barexamtoolbox.com/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-archive-by-topic/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-explaining-individual-mee-and-california-bar-essay-questions/#listen-learn)
• The Brainy Bar Bank: Streamlining Bar Study (https://barexamtoolbox.com/brainy-bar-bank/)
• California Bar Examination – Essay Questions and Selected Answers, July 2015 (https://www.calbar.ca.gov/Portals/0/documents/admissions/gbx/July2015_CBXSelectedAnswers_EssayQuestions1-6_R.pdf)
• California Bar Examination – Essay Questions and Selected Answers, October 2020 (https://www.calbar.ca.gov/Portals/0/documents/admissions/Examinations/October-2020-Essay-Selected-Answers.pdf)
• Examples & Explanations: Corporations, by Alan R. Palmiter (https://www.amazon.com/Corporations-Examples-Explanations-Alan-Palmiter/dp/1454802472)
• Podcast Episode 23: Tackling an MEE Corporations Question (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-23-tackling-an-mee-corporations-question/)
• Podcast Episode 35: Tackling a California Bar Exam Essay: Corporations (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-35-tackling-a-california-bar-exam-essay-corporations/)
• Podcast Episode 124: Listen and Learn – Duty of Loyalty (Corporations) (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-124-listen-and-learn-duty-of-loyalty-corporations/)

Download the Transcript (https://barexamtoolbox.com/episode-184-listen-and-learn-the-business-judgment-rule-corporations/)

If you enjoy the podcast, we'd love a nice review and/or rating on Apple Podcasts (https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-pass-bar-exam-less-stress/id1370651486) or your favorite listening app. And feel free to reach out to us directly. You can always reach us via the contact form on the Bar Exam Toolbox website (https://barexamtoolbox.com/contact-us/). Finally, if you don't want to miss anything, you can sign up for podcast updates (https://barexamtoolbox.com/get-bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-updates/)!

Thanks for listening!

Alison & Lee

Welcome back to the Bar Exam Toolbox podcast! In today's episode from our "Listen and Learn" series, we're discussing the Taxing and Spending Clause of the Constitution, which specifies how Congress can collect taxes and allocate spending.

In this episode, we discuss:

• Different types of taxes that Congress collects
• The two general purposes for which Congress is permitted to lay or collect taxes
• Restrictions Congress may impose on state spending
• The division of power between state and federal government
• Analyzing two essay questions from previous California bar exams

Resources:

• “Listen and Learn” series (https://barexamtoolbox.com/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-archive-by-topic/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-explaining-individual-mee-and-california-bar-essay-questions/#listen-learn)
• The Brainy Bar Bank: Streamlining Bar Study (https://barexamtoolbox.com/brainy-bar-bank/)
• California Bar Examination – Essay Questions and Selected Answers, July 2008 (https://nwculaw.edu/pdf/bar/July%202008%20Essays%20and%20Sample%20Answers.pdf)
• California Bar Examination – Essay Questions and Selected Answers, July 2009 (https://nwculaw.edu/pdf/bar/July%202009%20Essays%20and%20Sample%20Answers.pdf)
• Podcast Episode 76: Tackling an MEE Con Law Essay Question (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-76-tackling-an-mee-con-law-essay-question/)
• Podcast Episode 162: Listen and Learn – Federal and State Powers (Con Law) (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-162-listen-and-learn-federal-and-state-powers-con-law/)

Download the Transcript (https://barexamtoolbox.com/episode-183-listen-and-learn-taxing-and-spending-clause-con-law/)

If you enjoy the podcast, we'd love a nice review and/or rating on Apple Podcasts (https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-pass-bar-exam-less-stress/id1370651486) or your favorite listening app. And feel free to reach out to us directly. You can always reach us via the contact form on the Bar Exam Toolbox website (https://barexamtoolbox.com/contact-us/). Finally, if you don't want to miss anything, you can sign up for podcast updates (https://barexamtoolbox.com/get-bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-updates/)!

Thanks for listening!

Alison & Lee

Welcome back to the Bar Exam Toolbox podcast! In today's episode from our "Listen and Learn" series, we're talking about evidence that the court may exclude for various public policy reasons under the Federal Rules of Evidence.

In this episode, we discuss:

• Evidence of subsequent remedial measures
• Statements and offers made during settlement negotiations
• Pleas and plea negotiations
• Offering to pay medical expenses
• Liability insurance
• Analyzing two hypos, from the February 2017 and February 2021 California bar exams

Resources:

• “Listen and Learn” series (https://barexamtoolbox.com/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-archive-by-topic/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-explaining-individual-mee-and-california-bar-essay-questions/#listen-learn)
• The Brainy Bar Bank: Streamlining Bar Study (https://barexamtoolbox.com/brainy-bar-bank/)
• California Bar Examination – Essay Questions and Selected Answers, February 2017 (https://www.calbar.ca.gov/Portals/0/documents/admissions/Examinations/CBXFeb2017_Selected_EssayQuestions1-6_R.pdf)
• California Bar Examination – Essay Questions and Selected Answers, February 2021 (https://www.calbar.ca.gov/Portals/0/documents/admissions/Examinations/February-2021-CBX-Essay-Qs-and-Selected-Answers.pdf)
• Podcast Episode 89: Listen and Learn – What Is Hearsay? (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-89-listen-and-learn-what-is-hearsay/)

Download the Transcript (https://barexamtoolbox.com/episode-182-listen-and-learn-policy-exclusions-evidence/)

If you enjoy the podcast, we'd love a nice review and/or rating on Apple Podcasts (https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-pass-bar-exam-less-stress/id1370651486) or your favorite listening app. And feel free to reach out to us directly. You can always reach us via the contact form on the Bar Exam Toolbox website (https://barexamtoolbox.com/contact-us/). Finally, if you don't want to miss anything, you can sign up for podcast updates (https://barexamtoolbox.com/get-bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-updates/)!

Thanks for listening!

Alison & Lee

Welcome back to the Bar Exam Toolbox podcast! Today we're talking about the parol evidence rule, which governs evidence that parties to a contract dispute can introduce when determining the specific terms of the contract.

In this episode, we discuss:

• The definition of parol evidence
• Exceptions to the parol evidence rule
• The difference between a partially integrated writing and a fully integrated writing
• Analyzing two hypos from previous California bar exams

Resources:

• “Listen and Learn” series (https://barexamtoolbox.com/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-archive-by-topic/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-explaining-individual-mee-and-california-bar-essay-questions/#listen-learn)
• The Brainy Bar Bank: Streamlining Bar Study (https://barexamtoolbox.com/brainy-bar-bank/)
• California Bar Examination – Essay Questions and Selected Answers, February 2010 (https://juraxbar.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/February-2010-CBX.pdf)
• California Bar Examination – Essay Questions and Selected Answers, February 2020 (https://www.calbar.ca.gov/Portals/0/documents/admissions/Examinations/February-2020-Essay-Selected-Answers.pdf)
• Podcast Episode 64: Tackling a California Bar Exam Essay: Contract Law (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-64-tackling-a-california-bar-exam-essay-contract-law/)
• Podcast Episode 71: Tackling an MEE Contracts Essay Question (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-71-tackling-an-mee-contracts-essay-question/)
• Podcast Episode 164: Listen and Learn – Contract Defenses (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-164-listen-and-learn-contract-defenses/)

Download the Transcript (https://barexamtoolbox.com/episode-181-listen-and-learn-parol-evidence-contracts/)

If you enjoy the podcast, we'd love a nice review and/or rating on Apple Podcasts (https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-pass-bar-exam-less-stress/id1370651486) or your favorite listening app. And feel free to reach out to us directly. You can always reach us via the contact form on the Bar Exam Toolbox website (https://barexamtoolbox.com/contact-us/). Finally, if you don't want to miss anything, you can sign up for podcast updates (https://barexamtoolbox.com/get-bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-updates/)!

Thanks for listening!

Alison & Lee