In this episode of The Behavioral View, Nissa Van Etten, Olivia Teal, Elizabeth Barajas, and Yagnesh Vadgama discuss the evolution of outcomes-based care within applied behavior analysis (ABA). Drawing from extensive experience in both clinical practice and payer systems, Vadgama outlines the differences between traditional fee-for-service models and outcomes-based care frameworks. The panel explores how standardized assessments, aggregate data analysis, and empirically supported dosing recommendations can create greater alignment between providers and payers while maintaining individualized clinical decision-making.

The discussion addresses administrative burden, prior authorization processes, value-based payment arrangements, caregiver involvement, social determinants of health, and interdisciplinary collaboration. Emphasis is placed on transparency, data-driven decision making, and protecting the integrity of behavior analytic practice while demonstrating measurable outcomes at both the individual and population levels. This course provides practical insight into how outcomes-based care models may shape the future of ABA service delivery.

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Show Notes:

References Frazier, T. W., Youngstrom, E. A., Speer, L., Embacher, R., Law, P., Constantino, J., Findling, R. L., Hardan, A. Y., & Eng, C. (2014). Validation of proposed DSM-5 criteria for autism spectrum disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 53(1), 28–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2013.10.012

Frazier, T. W., Klingemier, E. W., Beukemann, M., Speer, L., Markowitz, L., Parikh, S., & Strauss, M. S. (2021). Development and validation of the Autism Impact Measure (AIM). Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51, 3407–3421. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04795-1

Smith, P. C., Sagan, A., Siciliani, L., & Figueras, J. (2023). Building on value-based health care: Towards a health system perspective. Health Policy, 138, 104918. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2023.104918

AI.Measures Scientific Support

Ferguson, E. F., Frazier, T. W., Hardan, A. Y., & Uljarević, M. (2025). Challenging behavior domains in individuals with neurodevelopmental genetic syndromes: The role of psychological features. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, 0(1), 1-12

Frazier, T. W., Huba, K., Frazier, A. R., Womack, R. A., Youngstrom, E. A., Chetcuti, L., Hardan, A. Y., & Uljarevic, M. (2025). Maximizing accurate detection of divergence from normative expectation in behavioral intervention outcome assessment. Research in Autism, 126, 202646.

Frazier, T. W., Youngstrom, E. A., Frazier, A. R., & Uljarevic, M. (2025). A critical appraisal of the measurement of adaptive social communication behaviors in the behavioral intervention context. Behavioral Sciences, 15(6), 722

Frazier, T.W., Helton, M., Akouri, C., Chetcuti, L., Uljarevic, M. (2025) Identifying Reliable Change In Outcome Assessments for Behavioral Intervention. Behavioral Interventions.

Frazier, T. W., Dimitropoulos, A., Abbeduto, L., Armstrong-Brine, M., Kralovic, S., Shih, A., Hardan, A. Y., Youngstrom, E. A., Uljarevic, M., Verbal Beginnings, T. (2024). Psychometric evaluation of the Autism Symptom Dimensions Questionnaire. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology.

Frazier, T. W., Busch, R. M., Klaas, P., Lachlan, K., Jeste, S., Kolevzon, A., Loth, E., Harris, J., Speer, L., Pepper, T., Anthony, K., Graglia, J. M., Delagrammatikas, C., Bedrosian-Sermone, S., Beekhuyzen, J., Smith-Hicks, C., Sahin, M., Eng, C., Hardan, A. Y., & Uljarevic, M. (2023). Development of informant-report neurobehavioral survey scales for PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome and related neurodevelopmental genetic syndromes. Am J Med Genet A, 191(7), 1741-1757. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.63195

Frazier, T. W., Crowley, E., Shih, A., Vasudevan, V., Karpur, A., Uljarevic, M., & Cai, R. Y. (2022). Associations between executive functioning, challenging behavior, and quality of life in children and adolescents with and without neurodevelopmental conditions. Frontiers in Psychology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1022700

Frazier, T. W., Dimitropoulos, A., Abbeduto, L., Armstrong-Brine, M., Kralovic, S., Shih, A., Hardan, A. Y., Youngstrom, E. A., Uljarevic, M., & Quadrant Biosciences - As You Are Team. (2023). The Autism Symptom Dimensions Questionnaire: Development and psychometric evaluation of a new, open-source measure of autism symptomatology. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology. https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.15497

Frazier, T. W., Dimitropoulos, A., Abbeduto, L., Armstrong-Brine, M., Kralovic, S., Shih, A., Hardan, A. Y., Youngstrom, E. A., Uljarevic, M., Womack, R., Wolf, D., Chappell, N., & Verbal Beginnings Team. (2024). Psychometric Evaluation of the Autism Symptom Dimensions Questionnaire (ASDQ). Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology.

Frazier, T. W., Hyland, A. C., Markowitz, L. A., Speer, L. L., & Diekroger, E. A. (2020). Psychometric evaluation of the revised child and family quality of life questionnaire (CFQL-2). Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 70. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.101474

Frazier, T. W., Khaliq, I., Scullin, K., Uljarevic, M., Shih, A., & Karpur, A. (2022). Development and psychometric evaluation of the open-source challenging behavior scale. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disabilities. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05750-5

Frazier, T. W., Krishna, J., Klingemier, E., Beukemann, M., Nawabit, R., & Ibrahim, S. (2017). A Randomized, Crossover Trial of a Novel Sound-to-Sleep Mattress Technology in Children with Autism and Sleep Difficulties. J Clin Sleep Med, 13(1), 95-104. https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.6398

Frazier, T. W., Busch, R. M., Klass, P., Crowley, E., Lachlan, K., Jeste, S., Kolevzon, A., Loth, E., Harris, J., Pepper, T., Anthony, K., Graglia, J. M., Helde, K., Delagrammatikas, C., Bedrosian-Sermone, S., Smith-Hicks, C., Sahin, M., Eng, C., Hardan, A. Y., . . . Uljarevic, M. (2024). Quantifying Neurobehavioral Profiles across Neurodevelopmental Genetic Syndromes and Idiopathic Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.16112

Uljarevic, M., Cai, R. Y., Hardan, A. Y., & Frazier, T. W. (2022). Development and validation of the Executive Functioning Scale. Front Psychiatry, 13, 1078211. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1078211

Uljarevic, M., Spackman, E. K., Cai, R. Y., Paszek, K. J., Hardan, A. Y., & Frazier, T. W. (2022). Daily living skills scale: Development and preliminary validation.

Frazier, T. W., Helton, M., Akouri, C., Chetcuti, L., & Uljarevic, M. (2025). Identifying reliable change in outcome assessments for behavioral interventions. Behavioral Interventions, 40, e70007. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/bin.70007

Resources CentralReach. (n.d.). AI Measures (AIM). https://centralreach.com

In this podcast episode, Shannon Hill, Nissa Van Etten, and Jordan Fries interview Thomas Frazier about outcome measurement in behavioral intervention services. Using Frazier and colleagues' work on adaptive social communication measurement as a foundation, the discussion explores why many legacy assessments were not designed for the ABA context or for individuals with autism and developmental disabilities. The presenters distinguish between moment-to-moment ABA data collection and periodic outcome assessment, highlighting how periodic measures support long-term progress tracking, clinical decision-making, and accountability to funders. The episode emphasizes the complementary roles of norm-referenced and skill-based assessments, discusses constraints such as limited assessment authorizations, and underscores the importance of monitoring client and family quality of life. Ethical considerations related to caregiver-report measures, interpretation of sensitive results, and appropriate referrals are also addressed.

To earn CEUs for listening, click here, log in or sign up, pay the CEU fee, + take the attendance verification quiz to generate your certificate! Don't forget to subscribe and follow and leave us a rating and review.

Show Notes:

References Frazier, T. W., Youngstrom, E. A., Frazier, A. R., & Uljarevic, M. (2025). A critical appraisal of the measurement of adaptive social communication behaviors in the behavioral intervention context. Behavioral Sciences, 15(6), 722.

Aman, M. G., Singh, N. N., Stewart, A. W., & Field, C. J. (1985). The Aberrant Behavior Checklist: A behavior rating scale for the assessment of treatment effects. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 89(5), 485–491.

Sparrow, S. S., Cicchetti, D. V., & Balla, D. A. (2005). Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (2nd ed.). Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service.

Abidin, R. R. (2012). Parenting Stress Index (4th ed.). Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.

Resources U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2022). Patient-Focused Drug Development: Selecting, Developing, or Modifying Fit-for-Purpose Clinical Outcome Assessments—Guidance for Industry, FDA Staff, and Other Stakeholders.

International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM). Autism Spectrum Disorder Standard Set.

Child and Family Quality of Life (CFQL) Measure.

Join us for a deep discussion on the ins and outs of developing meaningful content for aspiring RBTs - incorporating all required technical elements while maintaining a focus on compassionate, culturally relevant, assent-based professional services through an online asynchronous training format.

While there is no CEU associated with this episode at this time if you wish to watch the episode and earn 60 minutes Staff Training certificate. Please click here.

Show Notes:

In this special in person episode of The Behavioral View, hosts Dr. Shannon Hill and Dr. Nissa Van Etten broadcast from the CR Unite 2025 Conference in Chicago to discuss the latest innovations shaping behavior analysis. They're joined by Amber Ledesma, BCBA and Customer Success Lead III at CentralReach, and Dr. Alana Fallucca, Director of Quality Assurance at Above and Beyond Therapy, for an unscripted, in-person conversation about the evolution of assessments, outcomes tracking, and AI in clinical practice.

While there is no CEU associated with this episode at this time if you wish to watch the episode and earn 30 minutes Staff Training certificate. Please click here.

This episode provides behavior analysts with practical guidance on navigating insurance authorization processes, with particular focus on peer review procedures. The panel discusses the workflow from initial clinical review through potential peer review, emphasizing that peer review is a collaborative process rather than punitive action. Key topics include understanding medical necessity requirements, writing effective treatment plans, preparing for peer review conversations, and managing different outcomes. The discussion addresses common challenges faced by both new and experienced BCBAs, including dosage recommendations, goal writing, parent involvement requirements, and handling denials. This content directly supports behavior analysts in improving their clinical documentation and communication skills to ensure continued access to services for their clients.

To earn CEUs for listening, click here, log in or sign up, pay the CEU fee, + take the attendance verification to generate your certificate! Don't forget to subscribe and follow and leave us a rating and review.

Show Notes

References:

Reinecke, D. R., & Colleagues. (2024). Treatment planning recommendations for applied behavior analysis services. Association for Professional Behavior Analysts.

Resources:

Professional Organizations and Guidelines:

• ABA Coding Coalition - https://abacodes.org

• Association for Professional Behavior Analysts (APBA) - http://www.apbahome.net

• Council of Autism Service Providers (CASP) ABA Practice Guidelines - https://www.casproviders.org/asd-guidelines

Training and Educational Resources:

• Autism Law Summit ABA Authorization and Appeals Playbook

• CentralReach Institute

• CR Unite Conference

Assessment Tools:

• WebABLLS (Web-based ABLLS-R program) - http://webablls.com

This panel discussion brings together experienced ABA professionals to share insights and practical advice for new and aspiring Registered Behavior Technicians (RBTs). The hosts and guests discuss their personal experiences entering the field, common challenges faced by new behavior technicians, and strategies for success. Key topics include the importance of authentic rapport-building and play skills, understanding intermittent reinforcement schedules and their impact on intervention outcomes, preventing and managing burnout through self-advocacy and support systems, navigating boundaries in home-based services, and developing effective communication with supervisors. The discussion emphasizes the human elements of ABA practice and provides actionable guidance to help new professionals thrive in their roles while maintaining ethical standards and professional relationships.

While there is no CEU associated with this episode at this time if you wish to watch the episode and earn 1 Staff Training hour certificate. Please click here.

Show Notes

References

Plantiveau, C., Dounavi, K., & Virués-Ortega, J. (2018). High levels of burnout among early-career board-certified behavior analysts with low collegial support in the work environment. European Journal of Behavior Analysis, 19(2), 195-207. https://doi.org/10.1080/15021149.2018.1438339

Resources

• Behavior Analyst Certification Board (BACB) - www.bacb.com

• CentralReach Institute - www.centralreach.com/institute

This episode features a comprehensive discussion of research examining socially assisted robotics for children with autism. Madeline Jürgensen presents findings from two single-case design studies that investigated whether children with autism would attend to and learn from a small humanoid robot called Kebbi. The first study used a multiple baseline design to measure attending behaviors, revealing dramatic increases in eye contact and engagement when children worked with the robot versus human instructors. The second study employed an adaptive alternating treatment design to compare learning outcomes between robot and human instruction, finding that while children learned academic skills from both modalities, they showed preference for robot-delivered activities despite sometimes performing better with human instruction. The discussion includes important considerations about the novelty effect, social validity, and the future role of robotics in behavior analysis practice.

To earn CEUs for listening, click here, log in or sign up, pay the CEU fee, + take the attendance verification to generate your certificate! Don't forget to subscribe and follow and leave us a rating and review.

Show Notes

References:

Berens, K. N. (2020). Blind spots: Why students fail and the science that can save them. Oakland, CA: The Collective Book Studio.

Darling, K. (2021). The new breed: What our history with animals reveals about our future with robots. Henry Holt and Company.

Shi, Z., Groechel, T. R., Jain, S., Chima, K., Rudovic, O., & Matarić, M. J. (2022). Toward personalized affect-aware socially assistive robot tutors for long-term interventions with children with autism. Journal of Human-Robot Interaction, 11(4), Article 39. https://doi.org/10.1145/3526111

Resources:

• Association for Behavior Analysis International (ABAI): https://www.abainternational.org/

• CentralReach Institute: https://centralreach.com/

• University of Southern California Robotics and Autonomous Systems Center (RASC): https://rasc.usc.edu/research/

If you would like a copy of the articles discussed please reach out to [email protected]

This episode explores the intersection between applied behavior analysis and user experience (UX) research, demonstrating how behavior analysts can apply their skills in technology and design fields. The discussion focuses on transferable skills including interview techniques, observational methods, and behavioral assessment strategies that are valuable in UX research. Participants will learn about effective approaches to gathering stakeholder information, understanding user needs, and applying behavior analytic thinking to improve product design and user interfaces. The content emphasizes how behavior analysts can expand their career opportunities while contributing their unique skillset to interdisciplinary teams in technology and other fields.

To earn CEUs for listening, click here, log in or sign up, pay the CEU fee, + take the attendance verification to generate your certificate! Don't forget to subscribe and follow and leave us a rating and review.

Show Notes

References:

Anderson, N. (2019, March 26). Getting specific with the TEDw method [Interview]. dscout People Nerds. https://www.dscout.com/people-nerds/tedw

Cihon, T. M., Cihon, J. H., & Bedient, G. M. (2016). Establishing a common vocabulary of key concepts for the effective implementation of applied behavior analysis. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 9(2), 337–348.

Partington, J. W. (2006). Assessment of Basic Language and Learning Skills-Revised (ABLLS-R). Behavior Analysts, Inc.

Partington, J. W., & Mueller, M. (2012). The Assessment of Functional Living Skills (AFLS). Behavior Analysts, Inc.

Sparrow, S. S., Cicchetti, D. V., & Saulnier, C. A. (2016). Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Third Edition (Vineland-3). Pearson.

Resources:

Association for Behavior Analysis International (ABAI) - https://www.abainternational.org

CentralReach - https://www.centralreach.com

Council of Autism Service Providers (CASP) - https://www.casproviders.org

This podcast episode explores the critical topic of cultural responsiveness in behavior analytic practice, with a specific focus on understanding and addressing implicit biases that may affect service delivery. The discussion examines how unconscious racial biases and attitudes impact healthcare delivery broadly and connects these concepts specifically to behavior analytic services. The presentation advances knowledge of ethics by examining the ethical implications of cultural responsiveness and implicit bias in behavior analytic practice, helping behavior analysts fulfill their ethical obligation to provide culturally sensitive and equitable services to diverse populations. Participants will learn practical strategies for recognizing implicit bias, developing culturally responsive practices, and improving equitable service delivery in accordance with the Ethics Code for Behavior Analysts.

To earn CEUs for listening, click here, log in or sign up, pay the CEU fee, + take the attendance verification to generate your certificate! Don't forget to subscribe and follow and leave us a rating and review.

Show Notes

References:

Jones, D. D. (2022). Examining the unconscious racial biases and attitudes of physicians, nurses, and the public: Implications for future health care education and practice. Health Equity, 6(1), 375-381.

Zaxbc, N. (n.d.). Swimming against the current: Why the BACB's DEI rollback move [LinkedIn article]. Retrieved from https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/swimming-against-current-why-bacbs-dei-rollback-move-natalie-zaxbc

Resources:

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA). (n.d.). Cultural responsiveness. https://www.asha.org/practice-portal/professional-issues/cultural-responsiveness/

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA). (n.d.). Cultural competence checklist: Service delivery. https://www.asha.org/siteassets/uploadedfiles/cultural-competence-checklist-service-delivery.pdf

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA). (n.d.). Policies and procedures checklist. https://www.asha.org/siteassets/uploadedfiles/multicultural/policies-and-procedures-checklist.pdf

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA). (n.d.). Culturally responsive practice checklist. https://www.asha.org/siteassets/uploadedfiles/multicultural/culturally-responsive-practice-checklist.pdf

🔗 Black Men in Behavior Analysis (BMBA)

Instagram: @blackmeninaba – https://www.instagram.com/blackmeninaba

Facebook: @bmbanetwork – https://www.facebook.com/bmbanetwork

LinkedIn: Black Men in Behavior Analysis – https://www.linkedin.com/company/black-men-in-behavior-analysis

Website: https://www.bmbanetwork.org

🔥 ABAVerzus

Instagram: @abaverzus – https://www.instagram.com/abaverzus

Facebook: @abaverzus – https://www.facebook.com/share/sHpepXPSXrBV6VrP

LinkedIn: ABAVerzus Block Party – https://www.linkedin.com/company/abaverzus-block-party

🎙️ Beyond the Science Podcast

YouTube: https://youtu.be/7cb53TK2cJY Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/6IBxbm2dop9oxioUadIgek

Instagram: @beyond.the.science.pod – https://www.instagram.com/beyond.the.science.pod

TikTok: @beyond.the.science – https://www.tiktok.com/@beyond.the.science

LinkedIn: Beyond the Science Podcast – https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/beyond-the-science-pod

This podcast episode features Olivia Banks and Jessica Gruber from The Place for Children with Autism, who share their organization's journey implementing a comprehensive quality assurance framework. The discussion covers how they developed their Assessment of Service Delivery Quality (ASDQ) framework based on Silva and El Fattal's (2021) article, including the process of identifying internal quality standards, incorporating external guidelines, creating assessment tools, implementing quarterly evaluations, analyzing data, and developing targeted interventions. The presenters provide practical insights on implementing a quality framework within an ABA organization, addressing challenges such as staff training, data analysis, and using insights to drive organizational improvement. The episode offers valuable guidance for behavior analysts interested in developing or enhancing quality assurance systems within their own organizations.

To earn CEUs for listening, click here, log in or sign up, pay the CEU fee, + take the attendance verification to generate your certificate! Don't forget to subscribe and follow and leave us a rating and review.

Show Notes

References:

• Silbaugh, B. C., & El Fattal, R. (2021). Exploring quality in the applied behavior analysis service delivery industry. Behavior Analysis in Practice, 15(2), 571-590. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40617-021-00627-y

Resources:

• BACB Ethics Code for Behavior Analysts: https://www.bacb.com/ethics-information/ethics-codes/
• Behavioral Health Center of Excellence (BHCOE), now known as JADE: https://bhcoe.org/
• Council of Autism Service Providers (CASP) standards: https://casproviders.org/
• Performance Diagnostic Checklist - Human Services (PDC-HS): https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/a...
• The Behavioral View podcast: https://centralreach.com/resou...
• The Place for Children with Autism: https://www.theplaceforchildrenwithautism.com/