It’s the beginning of the Spanish reign, and Manila is prime real estate in the eyes of the sea-going empires, including Japan. In the Edo court, the Japanese plan the invasion of the Philippines—three hundred years early.

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References:

Ka Yin Chan, Caspar (2022). “Revisiting the Battle of Macau in 1622: A Polyphonic Narrative.” The Newsletter (Autumn 2022), International Institute for Asian Studies.

Turnbull, Stephen (2016). "Wars and Rumours of Wars: Japanese Plans to Invade the Philippines, 1593–1637.” Naval War College Review 69(4).

“The Fall of the Arima Clan and the Crackdown on Christianity.” In Light and Shadow: Christian History, Resurrected. https://christian-nagasaki.jp/en/

Barthell, W. “Matsukara Shigemasa.” In Sengokujidai.org.

In this week's episode of EXTRA CREDIT, we probe deeper on how this book survived beyond the lifetime of its reclusive writer to become an indelible part of our cultural legacy. (Listen to S3E13 before listening to this one!)

It was one of the most important scientific texts to emerge from the Spanish colonial period. But who was Father Manuel Blanco, and how did this priest-scientist amass his botanical knowledge?

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References:

“Manuel Maria Blanco Ramos,” in Real Academia dela Historia, Diccionario Biografico.  https://dbe.rah.es/biografias/14559/manuel-maria-blanco-ramos

Zimmer, Carl (2008, 20 August). “Darwin, Linnaeus, and One Sleepy Guy.” National Geographic. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/darwin-linnaeus-and-one-sleepy-guy

Santiago, Luciano P.R. (1993). “The painters of Flora de Filipinas (1877-1883).” Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society 21(2), 87-112.

Mojares, Resil (2013). “The Book That Did Not Exist.” In Isabelo’s Archive (141-146), Anvil Publishing.

Stuart, Barry (1965). “The Birds and the Bees.” Recorded by Dean Martin.

In this week's episode of EXTRA CREDIT, I interview Jill Tan Radovan about her profile of Carmen Apigo, who reunited with her Japanese father decades after the end of the war. (Listen to S3E12 before listening to this one!)

For decades, the Filipino and Japanese communities lived side by side in Davao. Then, after the fateful attack on Pearl Harbor, neighbors became enemies. What happened then?

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References:

Radovan, Jill Tan (22 September 2022). "How a Teacher in Davao Finally Met Her Japanese Father Three Decades After WWII." Esquire Philippines. Retrieved from https://www.esquiremag.ph/long-reads/features/half-japanese-teacher-davao-finally-meets-father-a2328-20220922-lfrm3

Abinales, Patricio N. (1997). “Davao-kuo: The Political Economy of a Japanese Settler Zone in Philippine Colonial Society.” The Journal of American-East Asian Relations, 6(1), 59-82.

Jose, Lydia Yu & Dacudao, Patricia Irene (2015). “Visible Japanese and Invisible Filipino: Narratives of the Development of Davao, 1900s to 1930s.” Philippine Studies: Historical & Ethnographical Viewpoints 63(1), 101-129.

Barriga, Maria Cynthia B. (2015). “The Asia-Pacific War in the Davao Settler Zone, December 1941.”  Kasarinlan: Philippine Journal of Third World Studies, 30(1): 56–90.

Arguillas, C. (2017, January 12). “Encounters with Filipino-Japanese mestizos in Davao bring back memories and open windows to Japan’s Past." In Mindanews. Retrieved from https://www.mindanews.com/top-stories/2017/01/reprint-encounters-with-filipino-japanese-mestizos-in-davao-bring-back-memories-and-open-windows-to-japans-past/

Radovan, Jill Tan. Personal communication. 15 December 2022.

In this week's episode of EXTRA CREDIT, let's take a ride with some fast facts on the Philippines' first railway. (Listen to S3E11 before listening to this one!)

Put on your boldest, brassiest steampunk goggles as we delve deep into the stories of the Philippines’ first steamships, steam engines, and steam-powered trains.

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References:

Jose, Ricardo. (2018) “Tranvia: Ang mga Riles sa Kamaynilaan” [Documentary] TVUP. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1DshXso7EkM

Doeppers. Daniel F. (2016) Feeding Manila in Peace and War, 1850-1945. Ateneo de Manila Press.

Legarda, Benito J. (1999). After the Galleons: Foreign Trade, Economic Change and Entrepreneurship in the Nineteenth-Century Philippines. Ateneo de Manila Press.

Elena, Alberto and Ordóñez, Javier (2000). “Science, Technology, and the Spanish Colonial Experience in the Nineteenth Century.” In Nature and Empire: Science and the Colonial Enterprise (70-82). The University of Chicago Press.

Cailloce, Laure (2020). “The Turbulent History of the Suez Canal.” CNRS News. https://news.cnrs.fr/articles/the-turbulent-history-of-the-suez-canal

Gamble, Adrian (2017). “Manila's Long-Lost 'Tranvias' Once the Envy of Asia.” Skyrise Cities. https://skyrisecities.com/news/2017/03/manilas-long-lost-tranvias-once-envy-asia

In this week's episode of EXTRA CREDIT, let's break the timeline a bit and find out more about the tumultous history of the film that served as last episode's framing device. (Listen to S3E10 before listening to this one!)

"No anito. No tikbalang. No duwende." Nearly three hundred years ago, on the eastern coast of Luzon, this is what a priest told his converts. But what happens when his mission collides with the old gods and the old ways?

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References:

Dizon, Mark (2011). “Social and Spiritual Kinship in EarlyEighteenth-Century Missions on the Caraballo Mountains.” Philippine Studies 59(3), 367–398.

Dizon, Mark (2015). “Spirit Beliefs, Murder, and Religious Change Among the Eighteenth Century Aeta and Ilongot in Eastern Central Luzon.” Philippine Studies 63(1), 3-38.

Mataragnon, Rita (1977). “A Conceptual and Psychological Analysis of Sumpong.” In Pe-Pua, Rogelia (Ed.), Handbuk ng Sikolohiyang Pilipino (339-347). The University of the Philippines Press.

Audio from Apocalypse Now © United Artists.

Audio of “Tanging Yaman” from Bukas Palad Ministry.

In this week's episode of EXTRA CREDIT, let's read up some more about the writings of Dr. Jean Mallat on colonial-era Manila. (Listen to S3E9 before listening to this one!)