In this week's episode of Extra Credit, we take a brief look at why abaca became one of the Philippines' most valuable cash crops. (Listen to S4E9 before listening to this one!)

Native wood. Native workers. These are the foundations that made the prosperous Galleon Trade between Manila and Acapulco possible. But at what price?

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References:

Peterson, Andrew Christian (August 2014). Making the First Global Trade Route: The Southeast Asian Foundations of the Acapulco-Manila Galleon Trade, 1519-1650. [Doctoral dissertation, University of Hawaii at Manoa.]

Buhain, Jose M. (1994). “The Recovery of the San Diego.” Philippine Studies 42(4), p. 539-549.

In this week's episode of Extra Credit, we unearth the small but important role of Armenian trade in Philippine colonial history. (Listen to S4E8 before listening to this one!)

In this week's episode of Extra Credit, we take a short peek at the daily routine for Bilibid prisoners during the American period. (Listen to S4E7 before listening to this one!)

In this week's episode of Extra Credit, we talk about that other notable exploit of Governor-General Narciso Claveria—one that he'd pulled off a year before his big decree of family names. (Listen to S4E6 before listening to this one!)

The governor-general of the Philippines just conquered an island in Mindanao. Now, he’s about to do the same to each and every name in the archipelago.

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Email us: [email protected]

Check out the Catalogo alfabetico de apellidos at issuu.com/filipinasheritagelibrary/docs/catalogo_alfabetico_de_apellidos

References:

Cojuangco, Tingting (1993). Kris of Valor: The Samal Balangingi’s Defiance and Diaspora. Manisan Research and Pub. Inc.

“Tarsila.” (2015). In V. Almario (Ed.), Sagisag Kultura (Vol 1). Manila: National Commission for Culture and the Arts. philippineculturaleducation.com.ph/tarsila/

Dizon, Mark (2015). “Spirit Beliefs, Murder, and Religious Change Among the Eighteenth Century Aeta and Ilongot in Eastern Central Luzon.” Philippine Studies 63(1), 3-38.

Lambrecht, Francis (1962). “The Religion of the Ifugao.” Philippine Sociological Review 10(1/2), 33-40.

Scheans, Daniel (1966). “Anak Ti Digos: Ilokano Name Changing and Ritual Kinship.” Philippine Sociological Review 14(2), 82-85.

Colin, Francisco (1663). Labor Evangelica. In Blair, Emma Helen, and Robertson, James Alexander (eds.), The Philippine Islands, 1493-1898 (Vol. 40), Arthur H. Clark Company, 57.

Lijauco, Chit (16 February 2022). “Tracing the Origins of our Filipino Surnames.” Philippine Tatler. https://www.tatlerasia.com/lifestyle/others/tracing-the-origins-of-our-filipino-surnames

Ocampo, Ambeth (28 February 2020). “How Filipinos got their surnames.” Philippine Daily Inquirer. https://opinion.inquirer.net/127676/how-filipinos-got-their-surnames

Ocampo, Ambeth (15 February 2013). “A sense of order.” Philippine Daily Inquirer. https://opinion.inquirer.net/46885/a-sense-of-order

Mangubat, Benjamin (undated). …The Infinite Possibilities of a Broken Egg… Self-published.

In this week's episode of Extra Credit, we take a brief look at what everyday life was like for the Jewish refugees who fled Nazi persecution to take shelter in Manila! (Listen to S4E5 before listening to this one!)

With war looming against the Axis powers, the Nazi party tries to exert its influence on the small community of Germans and Jews who lived in the Philippines. How did we fight back against the antisemitism?

Follow us on IG: @thecolonialdept

Email us: [email protected]

References:

Weston, Nathaniel Parker (2021). Specters of Germany: Colonial Rivalry and Scholarship in the Philippine Reform Movement & Revolution. Ateneo de Manila Press.

Ephraim, Frank (2008). Escape to Manila: From Nazi Tyranny to Japanese Terror. University of Illinois Press.

Gopal, Lou (2014 January 28). “Manila Germans and the German Club.” Manila Nostalgia. http://www.lougopal.com/manila/?p=1869

Kotlowski, Dean J. (November 2009). “Breaching the Paper Walls: Paul V. McNutt and Jewish Refugees to the Philippines, 1938-1939.” Diplomatic History 33(5), 865-896.

Krebs, Gerhard (2015 January 1). “Racism Under Negotiation: The Japanese Race in the Nazi-German Perspective.” In Race and Racism in Modern East Asia, Brill.

Kowner, Rotem (2017). “When economics, strategy, and racial ideology meet: inter-Axis connections in the wartime Indian Ocean.” Journal of Global History 12, 228-250.

Aluit, Alfonso J. (1994). By Sword and Fire: The Destruction of Manila in World War II, 3 February - 3 March 1945. Bookmark, Inc.

Scott, James M. (2018). Rampage: MacArthur, Yamashita, and the Battle of Manila. W. W. Norton & Company.

Audio from German newsreels from Pathe and British Movietone. Audio of Kristallnacht survivors from The Atlantic. Audio of the Nanjing Massacre survivor from the Shoah Foundation.