HUB History - Our Favorite Stories from Boston History

The Enduring Grip of Stillson’s Pipe Wrench


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Long before becoming a haven for software and biotech giants, Kendall Square was a center for manufacturing during the era of steam. Here, in the 1860s, two crucial advancements emerged: the standardization of threaded iron pipes and fittings for use in household plumbing, gas fixtures, and steam power and the invention of the modern pipe wrench that allows us to work on them. This episode explores the story behind the Stillson pipe wrench, a tool so revolutionary that its inventor’s name became synonymous with pipe wrenches and so innovative that its design remains nearly unchanged over 150 years later. We’ll meet Daniel Chapman Stillson, the Civil War veteran and ingenious machinist who, frustrated by the limitations of existing tools, designed an adjustable pipe wrench that revolutionized plumbing, pipefitting, and his employer, the Walworth company.

Full show notes: http://HUBhistory.com/306/

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The Enduring Grip of Stillson’s Pipe Wrench
Detail of an 1854 map
Detail of an 1873 map
Brown’s Pipe Tongs
Stillson’s pipe tongs
Stillson’s 1872 wrench with springs
Stillson’s 1869 wrench
Stillson’s improved 1870 wrench
1908 Walworth ad
  • Paywalled newspapers
    • Stillson’s funeral, Boston Evening Transcript, Wed, Aug 23, 1899
    • Stillson’s funeral, The Boston Globe, Wed, Aug 23, 1899
    • Walworth ad for Stillson wrenches, Boston Evening Transcript, Tue, Nov 23, 1875
    • Dan Stillson’s 1869 patent for the original pipe wrench
    • Dan Stillson’s 1870 patent for an improved pipe wrench design
    • Dan Stillson’s 1872 patent adding springs to his pipe wrench
    • James Brown’s original pipe tongs
    • Dan Stillson’s improved pipe tongs
    • Tool illustrations in the Walworth Company’s 1870 catalog, before they advertised Stillson’s wrench
    • A History of One Hundred Years of Valve Manufacturing
    • A grumpy old plumber complains about the kids on his yard with their newfangled Stillson wrenches in 1907
    • Engineering Review is chock full of Walworth ads, many for Stillson wrenches
    • Modern photos of classic Stillson wrenches
    • An overview of the Stillson wrench from Mass Plumbers Local 12
    • “The forgotten story of ‘America’s most famous tool,’” by Michael Fitzgerald in the Globe magazine
    • Biographical details of Dan Stillson’s Civil War service
    • 1854 map of Cambridge showing the location of the Davenport railcar factory
    • 1873 map of Cambridge showing the location of the Walworth plant
    • 1877 birds’ eye view of Cambridge showing the location of the Walworth plant
    • Modern 700 Main on Google Maps
    • ...more
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