This Week In Medicine

Hi, This Week in Medicine, we will be discussing

 Journal of  American Medical Association

Hypertension and Kidney Function After Living Kidney Donation

Hypertension and Kidney Function After Living Kidney Donation

  Annals of Internal Medicine

Association Between Autoimmune Diseases and Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance

Artificial Intelligence for Real-Time Prediction of the Histology of Colorectal Polyps by General Endoscopists

 British Medical Journal

Epidural analgesia during labour and severe maternal morbidity

 Clinical Gastroenterology

Older Patients With Acute on Chronic Liver Failure Have a Higher Waitlist Mortality, but Acceptable Post Liver Transplantation Survival When Compared to Younger Patients

Prolonged Gastrointestinal Manifestations After Recovery From COVID-19

 Clinical Infectious Diseases

External Validation of the 2023 Duke–International Society for Cardiovascular Infectious Diseases Diagnostic Criteria for Infective Endocarditis

  Journal of Clinical Rheumatology 

Rheumatology High Blood Pressure Protocol Reduces Disparities, But Delays Remain for External Primary Care

 Journals of the American College of Cardiology

Mandibular Advancement vs CPAP for Blood Pressure Reduction in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea

 Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Erythrocytosis Is Rare With Exogenous Testosterone in Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy

 Chest

Ozanimod Therapy in Patients With COVID-19 Requiring Oxygen Support

The Association Between Prepandemic ICU Performance and Mortality Variation in COVID-19

 Clinical Journal of American Society of Nephrology

Phase 2 Trial of Cemdisiran in Adult Patients with IgA Nephropathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Evaluating ApoL1 Genetic Testing Policy Options for Transplant Centers: A Delphi Consensus Panel Project with Stakeholders

  Kidney International reports

Pregnancy and Family Planning in Women With Kidney Disease

Lithium-Associated Kidney Failure: Predictors and Outcomes

Hi, This Week in Medicine, we will be discussing

First we will be discussing articles in New England Journal of Medicine

Andexanet for Factor Xa Inhibitor–Associated Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Perioperative Nivolumab in Resectable Lung Cancer

Olezarsen for Hypertriglyceridemia in Patients at High Cardiovascular Risk

Olezarsen, Acute Pancreatitis, and Familial Chylomicronemia Syndrome

  Journal of  American Medical Association

Text Messages With Financial Incentives for Men With Obesity

A Randomized Clinical Trial

An Adaptive Behavioral Intervention for Weight Loss Management

A Randomized Clinical Trial

 Nature Medicine

Effectiveness of Bariatric Metabolic Surgery versus Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists for prevention of Congestive Heart Failure

 Lancet

Intravascular ultrasound-guided versus angiography-guided percutaneous coronary intervention in acute coronary syndromes (IVUS-ACS): a two-stage, multicentre, randomised trial

  Journal of Clinical Oncology

Comprehensive Inherited Risk Estimation for Risk-Based Breast Cancer Screening in Women

  journal of Hepatology

Optimal hepatitis C treatment adherence patterns and sustained virologic response among people who inject drugs: The HERO study

Background & Aims

  Clinical Gastroenterology

 Prospective Comparison of Attenuation Imaging and Controlled Attenuation Parameter for Liver Steatosis Diagnosis in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Type 2 Diabetes

Misclassified Alcohol-related Liver Disease is Common in Presumed Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Highly Increases Risk for Future Cirrhosis

Burden of Crohn’s Disease in the United States Medicaid Population, 2010–2019

 Clinical Infectious Diseases

 The Utility of Risk Factors to Define Complicated Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia in a Setting With Low Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus Prevalence

Outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant Infections Compared With Seasonal Influenza and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections in Adults Attending the Emergency Department: A Multicenter Cohort Study

Evaluation of the 2023 Duke-International Society of Cardiovascular Infectious Diseases Criteria in a Multicenter Cohort of Patients With Suspected Infective Endocarditis 

 Journal of Clinical Rheumatology 

The Relationship Between Anti–SSA-52 and Interstitial Lung Disease

Risk Factors for Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in Children With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Exposed to Prolonged High-Dose Glucocorticoids

 Arthritis and Rheumatology

Using Polygenic Risk Scores to Aid Diagnosis of Patients With Early Inflammatory Arthritis: Results From the Norfolk Arthritis Register

  Circulation

Directed Differentiation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells to Heart Valve Cells

American College of Cardiology

Cardiomyopathies in Children and Adolescents

 Journals of the American College of Cardiology

Association of Lipoprotein(a) Levels With Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Low-Attenuation Plaque

 Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Characterizing Genetic Alterations Related to Radioiodine Avidity in Metastatic Thyroid Cancer

Defective Visceral Adipose Tissue Adaptation in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Next we will be discussing articles  from Neurology:

Covert Cerebrovascular Changes in People With Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

  Chest

Longitudinal Effects of Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor

Etiology-Based Prognosis of Extracorporeal CPR Recipients After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

  The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Commensal Oral Microbiota, Disease Severity, and Mortality in Fibrotic Lung Disease

Alveolar Hemorrhage in Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–Associated Vasculitis: Results of an International Randomized Controlled Trial (PEXIVAS)

  Clinical Journal of American Society of Nephrology

Histologic and Clinical Factors Associated with Kidney Outcomes in IgA Vasculitis Nephritis

Associations of Changes in Bone Turnover Markers with Change in Bone Mineral Density in Kidney Transplant Patients

Kidney International reports

Associations Between Prematurity, Birthweight, and Adolescence Blood Pressure in a Nationwide Cohort

A Prospective Study of the Association Between Plasma Calprotectin Levels and New-Onset CKD in the General Population

Hi, This Week in Medicine, we will be discussing

First we will be discussing articles in New England Journal of Medicine

Exagamglogene Autotemcel for Severe Sickle Cell Disease

Exagamglogene Autotemcel for Transfusion-Dependent β-Thalassemia

Trial of Thrombectomy for Stroke with a Large Infarct of Unrestricted Size

 Journal of  American Medical Association

Ponatinib vs Imatinib in Frontline Philadelphia Chromosome–Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Associations of Internal Medicine Residency Milestone Ratings and Certification Examination Scores With Patient Outcomes

Annals of Internal Medicine

The Safety of Outpatient Health Care: Review of Electronic Health Records

Diagnostic Strategy Using Color Doppler Ultrasound of Temporal Arteries in Patients With High Clinical Suspicion of Giant Cell Arteritis: A Prospective Cohort Study

Nature Medicine

Single-cell transcriptomic analyses reveal distinct immune cell contributions to epithelial barrier dysfunction in checkpoint inhibitor colitis

Lancet

Preventive percutaneous coronary intervention versus optimal medical therapy alone for the treatment of vulnerable atherosclerotic coronary plaques (PREVENT): a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial

Journal of Clinical Oncology

Phase II Trial of nab-Sirolimus in Patients With Advanced Malignant Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumors (AMPECT): Long-Term Efficacy and Safety Update

 journal of Hepatology

Clinical profiles and mortality rates are similar for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Molecular force-induced liberation of transforming growth factor-beta remodels the spleen for ectopic liver regeneration

Clinical Gastroenterology

Type 1 Autoimmune Pancreatitis in Europe: Clinical Profile and Response to Treatment

Screening for Fibrosis Promotes Lifestyle Changes: A Prospective Cohort Study in 4796 Individuals

ENTERPRET: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Vedolizumab Dose Optimization in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis Who Have Early Nonresponse

  Clinical Infectious Diseases

Impact of a Purified Microbiome Therapeutic on Abundance of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Patients With Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection

A Systematic Review of Predictor Composition, Outcomes, Risk of Bias, and Validation of COVID-19 Prognostic Scores

Compared Performance of the 2023 Duke–International Society for Cardiovascular Infectious Diseases, 2000 Modified Duke, and 2015 European Society of Cardiology Criteria for the Diagnosis of Infective Endocarditis in a French Multicenter Prospective Cohort

 Journal of Clinical Rheumatology 

Measurement of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps as a Biomarker for the Differential Diagnosis Between Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–Positive Individuals With Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–Associated Vasculitis and Nonautoimmune Diseases

Prediction of Treatment Effect of SLE-ITP Patients Based on Cost-Sensitive Neural Network and Variational Autoencoder

  Arthritis and Rheumatology

Anti-Inflammatory Effect of High-Density Lipoprotein Blunted by Delivery of Altered MicroRNA Cargo in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis

American College of Cardiology

LGE CMR and Sudden Death in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy 

 Journals of the American College of Cardiology

Sacubitril/Valsartan-Related Hypotension in Patients With Heart Failure and Preserved or Mildly Reduced Ejection Fraction

 Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Association Between a History of Breast Cancer and Decreased Thyroid Cancer-specific Mortality

Neurology:

Association of Coffee Consumption and Prediagnostic Caffeine Metabolites With Incident Parkinson Disease in a Population-Based Cohort

Chest

Symptoms and Impaired Quality of Life After COVID-19 Hospitalization: Effect of Therapeutic Heparin in Non-ICU Patients in the Accelerating COVID-19 Therapeutic Interventions and Vaccines 4 Acute Trial

Use and Outcomes of Peripheral Vasopressors in Early Sepsis-Induced Hypotension Across Michigan Hospitals

  The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Zinpentraxin Alfa for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: The Randomized Phase III STARSCAPE Trial

  Clinical Journal of American Society of Nephrology

Associations of Angiopoietin 2 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A Concentrations with Clinical End Points

The Association of Intra-Abdominal Adhesions with Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter-Related Complications

Kidney International reports

Early Rituximab as an Add-On Therapy in Children With the Initial Episode of Nephrotic Syndrome

Aversion to a High Salt Taste is Disturbed in Patients With CKD

Hi, This Week in Medicine, we will be discussing

New England Journal of Medicine

Subcutaneous Administration of a Monoclonal Antibody to Prevent Malaria

Apolipoprotein A1 Infusions and Cardiovascular Outcomes after Acute Myocardial Infarction

Transcatheter or Surgical Treatment of Aortic-Valve Stenosis

Recombinant ADAMTS13 in Congenital Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

 Journal of  American Medical Association

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Among US Youth

Youth Experiencing Parental Death Due to Drug Poisoning and Firearm Violence in the US, 1999-2020

  Annals of Internal Medicine

Deep Learning to Estimate Cardiovascular Risk From Chest Radiographs: A Risk Prediction Study

  Nature Medicine

Equitable implementation of a precision digital health program for glucose management in individuals with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes

 British Medical Journal

Efficacy of psilocybin for treating symptoms of depression: systematic review and meta-analysis 

 Lancet

Diagnosis of common health conditions among autistic adults in the UK: evidence from a matched cohort study

 Journal of Clinical Oncology

Improved Disease-Free Survival With Adjuvant Chemotherapy After Nephroureterectomy for Upper Tract Urothelial Cancer: Final Results of the POUT Trial

  journal of Hepatology

Randomized trial of anakinra plus zinc vs. prednisone for severe alcohol-associated hepatitis

  Clinical Gastroenterology

 Reduction of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Risk With Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy in Asian Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Receiving Direct Oral Anticoagulant: A Nationwide Population-based Cohort Study

Age, BMI, and Type 2 Diabetes Modify the Relationship Between PNPLA3 and Advanced Fibrosis in Children and Adults With NAFLD

Cardiovascular Safety of Ozanimod in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis: True North and Open-Label Extension Analyses

 Clinical Infectious Diseases

Can Chatbot Artificial Intelligence Replace Infectious Diseases Physicians in the Management of Bloodstream Infections? A Prospective Cohort Study

PROCESS Trial: Effect of Duloxetine Premedication for Postherpetic Neuralgia Within 72 Hours of Herpes Zoster Reactivation—A Randomized Controlled Trial

Evaluation of the Specificity of the 2023 Duke-International Society of Cardiovascular Infectious Diseases Classification for Infective Endocarditis

  Journal of Clinical Rheumatology 

Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis Associated With Familial Mediterranean Fever in Children

Comparative Levels of Urinary Biomarkers of Renal Injury and Inflammation Among Patients  Arthritis and Rheumatology

A Mobile Health Application Integrated in the Electronic Health Record for Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient–Reported Outcomes: A Controlled Interrupted Time-Series Analysis of Impact on Visit Efficiency

  Circulation

Reduced Ejection Fraction in Elite Endurance Athletes: Clinical and Genetic Overlap With Dilated Cardiomyopathy

American College of Cardiology

Catheter Ablation as First-Line Therapy in Persistent AF

  Journals of the American College of Cardiology

Combined Effects of Clonal Hematopoiesis and Carotid Stenosis on Cardiovascular Mortality

  Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Gene Expression Signatures Predict First-Year Response to Somapacitan Treatment in Children With Growth Hormone Deficiency

Stratification of Atherosclerosis based on Plasma Metabolic States

 Neurology:

Neurodevelopmental and Functional Outcomes Following In Utero Exposure to Antiseizure Medication: A Systematic Review

  Chest

Use of Quantitative CT Imaging to Identify Bronchial Thermoplasty Responders

Individual Risk Factors of PM2.5 Associated With Wintertime Mortality in Urban Patients With COPD

 The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Ambient Ultrafine Particulate Matter and Clinical Outcomes in Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Disease

Deep Learning Classification of Usual Interstitial Pneumonia Predicts Outcomes

 Clinical Journal of American Society of Nephrology

Vaccine Effectiveness of BNT162b2 and CoronaVac against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 in CKD

 .

Trust, Multidimensional Health Literacy, and Medication Adherence among Patients Undergoing Long-Term Hemodialysis

 Kidney International reports

Aortic Dilatation in Children and Young People With ADPKD

Effectiveness of Molnupiravir and Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir in CKD Patients With COVID-19

Hi, This Week in Medicine, we will be discussing

New England Journal of Medicine

Empagliflozin after Acute Myocardial Infarction

Sequential CD7 CAR T-Cell Therapy and Allogeneic HSCT without GVHD Prophylaxis

FFR-Guided Complete or Culprit-Only PCI in Patients with Myocardial Infarction

Nutritional Support for Moderate-to-Late–Preterm Infants — A Randomized Trial

 Journal of  American Medical Association

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes After Late Preterm Antenatal Corticosteroids

The ALPS Follow-Up Study

Associations Between Surrogate Markers and Clinical Outcomes for Nononcologic Chronic Disease Treatments

  Annals of Internal Medicine

Disparities in Tuberculosis Incidence by Race and Ethnicity Among the U.S.-Born Population in the United States, 2011 to 2021: An Analysis of National Disease Registry Data

  Nature Medicine

Nivolumab for mismatch-repair-deficient or hypermutated gynecologic cancers: a phase 2 trial with biomarker analyses

 British Medical Journal

Predicting the risks of kidney failure and death in adults with moderate to severe chronic kidney disease: multinational, longitudinal, population based, cohort study

  Lancet

Optimised prevention of postnatal HIV transmission in Zambia and Burkina Faso (PROMISE-EPI): a phase 3, open-label, randomised controlled trial

 Journal of Clinical Oncology

Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: Final Results of CheckMate 722

 journal of Hepatology

An open-label randomised-controlled trial of azathioprine vs. mycophenolate mofetil for the induction of remission in treatment-naive autoimmune hepatitis

A novel treatment strategy utilizing panobinostat for high-risk and treatment-refractory hepatoblastoma

 Clinical Gastroenterology

Financial Burden of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Screening in Patients With Cirrhosis

Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis Mortality Rates Are Disproportionately Increasing in Younger Women in the United States Between 2000-2020

Real-World Surgical and Endoscopic Recurrence Based on Risk Profiles and Prophylaxis Utilization in Postoperative Crohn’s Disease

 Clinical Infectious Diseases

Brain Abscess Caused by Oral Cavity Bacteria: A Nationwide, Population-based Cohort Study

Opportunistic Treatment of Hepatitis C Infection Among Hospitalized People Who Inject Drugs (OPPORTUNI-C): A Stepped Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial

Early Mortality After the First Dose of COVID-19 Vaccination: A Target Trial Emulation

  Journal of infectious Diseases

Early Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy Preserves the Metabolic Function of CD4+ T Cells in Subtype C Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 Infection

 Arthritis and Rheumatology

Weight Loss Induced by Antiobesity Medications and All-Cause Mortality Among Patients With Knee or Hip Osteoarthritis

American College of Cardiology

Comparison of IVUS-Guided vs. Angiography-Guided Angioplasty for the Outcomes of Drug-Coated Balloon in the Treatment of Femoropopliteal Artery Disease

  Journals of the American College of Cardiology

Effect of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in Adults With Congenital Heart Disease

 Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Modification Effects of Albuminuria on the Association Between Kidney Function and Development of Anemia in Diabetes

Association of Urine Albumin to Creatinine Ratio With Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

 Neurology:

Association of Time to Thrombolysis With Early Reperfusion After Alteplase and Tenecteplase in Patients With Large Vessel Occlusion

Identification of Distinct Brain MRI Phenotypes and Their Association With Long-Term Dementia Risk in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

  Chest

Ozanimod Therapy in Patients With COVID-19 Requiring Oxygen Support

The Association Between Prepandemic ICU Performance and Mortality Variation in COVID-19

Impact of Left Heart Disease Risk Factors on Outcomes in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Therapy

  The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Oxygen-Saturation Targets and Cognitive and Functional Outcomes in Mechanically Ventilated Adults

Association between Age and Mortality in Pediatric and Adult Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

  Clinical Journal of American Society of Nephrology

Time-Varying Determinants of Graft Failure in Pediatric Kidney Transplantation in Europe

Trends and Specific Causes of Cardiovascular Mortality after Kidney Transplantation in Finland

  Kidney International reports

A Randomized Controlled Study of Efficacy and Safety of Accelerated Versus Standard Hepatitis B Vaccination in Patients With Advanced CKD

Exploring Preconceptions as Barriers to Peritoneal Dialysis Eligibility: A Global Scenario-Based Survey of Kidney Care Physicians

Hi, This Week in Medicine, we will be discussing

New England Journal of Medicine

Overall Survival with Adjuvant Pembrolizumab in Renal-Cell Carcinoma

Beta-Blockers after Myocardial Infarction and Preserved Ejection Fraction

Microaxial Flow Pump or Standard Care in Infarct-Related Cardiogenic Shock

Semaglutide in Patients with Obesity-Related Heart Failure and Type 2 Diabetes

  Journal of  American Medical Association

Serious Bleeding in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Using Diltiazem With Apixaban or Rivaroxaban

Non–High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels From Childhood to Adulthood and Cardiovascular Disease Events

 Annals of Internal Medicine

Deep Learning to Estimate Cardiovascular Risk From Chest Radiographs: A Risk Prediction Study

  Nature Medicine

Development and validation of a new algorithm for improved cardiovascular risk prediction

  British Medical Journal

Temporal trends in lifetime risks of atrial fibrillation and its complications between 2000 and 2022: Danish, nationwide, population based cohort study

  Lancet

Patient, family caregiver, and economic outcomes of an integrated screening and novel stepped collaborative care intervention in the oncology setting in the USA (CARES): a randomised, parallel, phase 3 trial

  Journal of Clinical Oncology

Phase III, Randomized Study of Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab and Chemotherapy in Patients With EGFR- or ALK-Mutated Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer (ATTLAS, KCSG-LU19-04)

  journal of Hepatology

Efficient formation and maintenance of humoral and CD4 T-cell immunity targeting the viral capsid in acute-resolving hepatitis E infection

A new clinical and prognostic characterization of the patterns of decompensation of cirrhosis

Clinical Gastroenterology

Statins Are Associated With a Decreased Risk of Severe Liver Disease in Individuals With Noncirrhotic Chronic Liver Disease

Accuracy of the Enhanced Liver Fibrosis Test in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Clinical Implications

Histologic Activity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Risk of Serious Infections: A Nationwide Study

The Diagnostic Performance of Fecal Immunochemical Tests for Detecting Advanced Neoplasia at Surveillance Colonoscopy

 Clinical Infectious Diseases

Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Nontyphoidal SalmonellaInfections by Isolate Resistance—Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network, 10 US Sites, 2004–2018 

Clinical Impact of Multiplex Molecular Diagnostic Testing in Children With Acute Gastroenteritis Presenting to an Emergency Department: A Multicenter Prospective Study 

Timing and Predictors of Loss of Infectivity Among Healthcare Workers With Mild Primary and Recurrent COVID-19: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study

  Journal of infectious Diseases

The Effects of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Antigen-Expanded Specific T-Cell Therapy and Vorinostat on Persistent HIV-1 Infection in People With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy

 Arthritis and Rheumatology

Towards the Lowest Efficacious Dose: Results From a Multicenter Noninferiority Randomized Open-Label Controlled Trial Assessing Tocilizumab or Abatacept Injection Spacing in Rheumatoid Arthritis in Remission

American College of Cardiology

Preventive Coronary Intervention on Stenosis With Functionally Insignificant Vulnerable Plaque

 Journals of the American College of Cardiology

Water Conservation Overrides Osmotic Diuresis During SGLT2 Inhibition in Patients With Heart Failure

 Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Discontinuation of Drug Treatment in Cushing's Disease Not Cured by Pituitary Surgery

Dasiglucagon for the Treatment of Congenital Hyperinsulinism: A Randomized Phase 3 Trial in Infants and Children

  Neurology:

Trends in Cognitive Function Before and After Diabetes Onset: The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

Statin Therapy for Secondary Prevention in Ischemic Stroke Patients With Cerebral Microbleeds

 Chest

Longitudinal Effects of Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor

Etiology-Based Prognosis of Extracorporeal CPR Recipients After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Hospital Policy Variation in Addressing Decisions to Withhold and Withdraw Life-Sustaining Treatment

 The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Heterogeneity of Benefit from Earlier Time-to-Antibiotics for Sepsis

 Clinical Journal of American Society of Nephrology

Association of Bioimpedance Parameters with Increases in Blood Pressure during Hemodialysis

Drug-Coated Balloon Angioplasty for Dysfunctional Arteriovenous Hemodialysis Fistulae: A Randomized Controlled Trial

  Kidney International reports

Patient Perspectives of Center-Specific Reporting in Kidney Failure Care: An Australian Qualitative Study

Features of Postpartum Hemorrhage-Associated Thrombotic Microangiopathy and Role of Short-Term Complement Inhibition

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New England Journal of Medicine

Alectinib in Resected ALK-Positive Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Trial of Early Minimally Invasive Removal of Intracerebral Hemorrhage

  Journal of  American Medical Association

Acetaminophen Use During Pregnancy and Children’s Risk of Autism, ADHD, and Intellectual Disability

Single Ascending and Multiple-Dose Trial of Zerlasiran, a Short Interfering RNA Targeting Lipoprotein(a)

 Nature Medicine

Feasibility of functional precision medicine for guiding treatment of relapsed or refractory pediatric cancers

  British Medical Journal

Impact of large scale, multicomponent intervention to reduce proton pump inhibitor overuse in integrated healthcare system: difference-in-difference study

Efficacy of a single low dose of esketamine after childbirth for mothers with symptoms of prenatal depression: randomised clinical trial

  Lancet

Pembrolizumab or placebo with chemoradiotherapy followed by pembrolizumab or placebo for newly diagnosed, high-risk, locally advanced cervical cancer (ENGOT-cx11/GOG-3047/KEYNOTE-A18): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 clinical trial

  Journal of Clinical Oncology

Genomic Classification and Individualized Prognosis in Multiple Myeloma

  journal of Hepatology

Long-term use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate increases fracture risk in elderly patients with chronic hepatitis B

Episodic overt hepatic encephalopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt does not increase mortality in patients with cirrhosis

 Clinical Gastroenterology

Significance of Crypt Atypia in Barrett’s Esophagus: A Clinical, Molecular, and Outcome Study

Liver Stiffness Measurement and Risk Prediction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma After HCV Eradication in Veterans With Cirrhosis

Dynamics of the Gut Mycobiome in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis

Benefits of Prokinetics, Gastroparesis Diet, or Neuromodulators Alone or in Combination for Symptoms of Gastroparesis

 Clinical Infectious Diseases

Raising AWaRe-ness of Antimicrobial Stewardship Challenges in Pediatric Emergency Care: Results from the PERFORM Study Assessing Consistency and Appropriateness of Antibiotic Prescribing Across Europe 

Treatment for First Cytomegalovirus Infection Post–Hematopoietic Cell Transplant in the AURORA Trial: A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized, Phase 3 Trial Comparing Maribavir With Valganciclovir

SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Postacute Risk of Non–Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infectious Disease Hospitalizations: A Nationwide Cohort Study of Danish Adults Aged ≥50 Years

 Journal of infectious Diseases

 Journal of Clinical Rheumatology 

Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis Associated With Familial Mediterranean Fever in Children

  Arthritis and Rheumatology

Characterizing the Neurobiological Mechanisms of Action of Exercise and Cognitive–Behavioral Interventions for Rheumatoid Arthritis Fatigue: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Brain Study

 Circulation

mPAP/CO Slope and Oxygen Uptake Add Prognostic Value in Aortic Stenosis

American College of Cardiology

One-Month Ticagrelor Monotherapy After PCI in Acute Coronary Syndromes

 Journals of the American College of Cardiology

Effectiveness of Clopidogrel vs Alternative P2Y12 Inhibitors Based on the ABCD-GENE Score

  Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Signs of Glucagon Resistance After a 2-Week Hypercaloric Diet Intervention

Lifestyle Intervention With Smartphone App and isCGM for People at High Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Randomized Trial

 Neurology:

Comparative Effectiveness of Natalizumab, Fingolimod, and Injectable Therapies in Pediatric-Onset Multiple Sclerosis: A Registry-Based Study

Association of Age-Related Neuropathologic Findings at Autopsy With a Claims-Based Epilepsy Diagnosis in Older Adults

 Chest

Symptoms and Impaired Quality of Life After COVID-19 Hospitalization: Effect of Therapeutic Heparin in Non-ICU Patients in the Accelerating COVID-19 Therapeutic Interventions and Vaccines 4 Acute Trial

Use and Outcomes of Peripheral Vasopressors in Early Sepsis-Induced Hypotension Across Michigan Hospitals

The Effect of Pressure Changes During Mechanical Insufflation-Exsufflation on Respiratory and Airway Physiology

 The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

SARS-CoV-2 Viral Replication Persists in the Human Lung for Several Weeks after Symptom Onset

  Clinical Journal of American Society of Nephrology

Efficacy of Voclosporin in Proliferative Lupus Nephritis with High Levels of Proteinuria

Monoclonal Gammopathy and Its Association with Progression to Kidney Failure and Mortality in Patients with CKD

 Kidney International reports

Implications of Implementing the 2021 CKD-EPI Equation Without Race on Managing Patients With Kidney Disease in British Columbia, Canada

Pregnancies in Women With Kidney Failure on Home Dialysis in the United States

Hi, This Week in Medicine, we will be discussing

 New England Journal of Medicine

Omitting Axillary Dissection in Breast Cancer with Sentinel-Node Metastases

Trial of Lixisenatide in Early Parkinson’s Disease

Nirmatrelvir for Vaccinated or Unvaccinated Adult Outpatients with Covid-19

Pragmatic Trial of Hospitalization Rate in Chronic Kidney Disease

 Journal of  American Medical Association

Prostate-Specific Antigen Screening and 15-Year Prostate Cancer Mortality: A Secondary Analysis of the CAP Randomized Clinical Trial

Single Ascending and Multiple-Dose Trial of Zerlasiran, a Short Interfering RNA Targeting Lipoprotein(a)

 Annals of Internal Medicine

Association of Low Glomerular Filtration Rate With Adverse Outcomes at Older Age in a Large Population With Routinely Measured Cystatin C

  Nature Medicine

Personalized neoantigen vaccine and pembrolizumab in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a phase 1/2 trial

 British Medical Journal

Use of progestogens and the risk of intracranial meningioma: national case-control study

 Lancet

Coronary sinus reducer for the treatment of refractory angina (ORBITA-COSMIC): a randomised, placebo-controlled trial

 Journal of Clinical Oncology

Lenvatinib Plus Pembrolizumab Versus Sunitinib in First-Line Treatment of Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma: Final Prespecified Overall Survival Analysis of CLEAR, a Phase III Study

  journal of Hepatology

Preventing liver disease with policy measures to tackle alcohol consumption and obesity: The HEPAHEALTH II study

Effects of tetrathiomolybdate on copper metabolism in healthy volunteers and in patients with Wilson disease

  Clinical Gastroenterology

The Index of Severity for Eosinophilic Esophagitis (I-SEE) Reflects Longitudinal Clinicopathologic Changes in Children

Alcoholic Foamy Degeneration, an Entity Resembling Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis: Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Molecular Profiling

Modified-Release Phosphatidylcholine (LT-02) for Ulcerative Colitis: Two Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trials

Quality of Life and Bidirectional Gut-Brain Interactions in Irritable Bowel Syndrome From Adolescence to Adulthood

 Clinical liver disease

Acceptability of hepatitis C screening and treatment during pregnancy in pregnant women in Egypt, Pakistan, and Ukraine: A cross-sectional survey

  Clinical Infectious Diseases

Is Short-Course Antibiotic Therapy Suitable for Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bloodstream Infections in Onco-hematology Patients With Febrile Neutropenia? Results of a Multi-institutional Analysis

Bartonella quintana Endocarditis: A Systematic Review of Individual Cases

Socioeconomic and Demographic Risk Factors for SARS-CoV-2 Seropositivity Among Healthcare Workers in a UK Hospital: A Prospective Cohort Study

  Journal of infectious Diseases

Effectiveness of BNT162b2 BA.4/5 Bivalent mRNA Vaccine Against Symptomatic COVID-19 Among Immunocompetent Individuals Testing at a Large US Retail Pharmacy 

 Journal of Clinical Rheumatology 

Transition From Pediatric to Adult Rheumatology Care: An Exploratory Study From Latin America

  Arthritis and Rheumatology

Poly-Refractory Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Uncommon Subset of Difficult to Treat Disease With Distinct Inflammatory and Noninflammatory Phenotypes

 Circulation

Clinical and Prognostic Implications of Right Ventricular Uptake on Bone Scintigraphy in Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy

American College of Cardiology

 Journals of the American College of Cardiology

Variation in Health Status With Invasive vs Conservative Management of Chronic Coronary Disease

 Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Effect and Interactions of BRAF on Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma With Hashimoto Thyroiditi

Metabolic Profiles of Type 2 Diabetes and Their Association With Renal Complications

Next we will be discussing articles  from Neurology:

Remote Ischemic Conditioning With Medical Management or Reperfusion Therapy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Statin Initiation and Risk of Incident Alzheimer Disease and Cognitive Decline in Genetically Susceptible Older Adults

  Chest

Use of Quantitative CT Imaging to Identify Bronchial Thermoplasty Responders

Individual Risk Factors of PM2.5 Associated With Wintertime Mortality in Urban Patients With COPD

High-Resolution CT Scan Fibrotic Patterns in Stage IV Pulmonary Sarcoidosis

 The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Antimicrobial Drug Penetration Is Enhanced by Lung Tissue Inflammation and Injury

 Clinical Journal of American Society of Nephrology

.

Strategies to Guide Preemptive Waitlisting and Equity in Waittime Accrual by Race/Ethnicity

Association of eGFR and Albuminuria with Venous Thromboembolism

  Kidney International reports

Acute Kidney Injury Duration and 20-Year Risks of CKD and Cardiovascular Disease

Systematic Review of Women Leading and Participating in Nephrology Randomized Clinical Trials

Hi, This Week in Medicine, we will start with the article from Journal of  American Medical Association

Health Equity Adjustment and Hospital Performance in the Medicare Value-Based Purchasing Program

  British Medical Journal

Use of progestogens and the risk of intracranial meningioma: national case-control study

 Journal of Clinical Oncology

International Pooled Analysis of Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Premenopausal Breast Cancer in Women From 19 Cohorts

  journal of Hepatology

Characteristics and outcomes of immunotherapy-related liver injury in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma versus other advanced solid tumours

  Clinical Gastroenterology

Endoscopic Removal of Premalignant Lesions Reduces Long-Term Colorectal Cancer Risk: Results From the Japan Polyp Study

Nutritional Assessment in Patients after Gastric Electrical Stimulation (GES)

 Journal of infectious Diseases

Accumulation of Immunity in Heavy-Tailed Sexual Contact Networks Shapes Mpox Outbreak Sizes 

 Arthritis and Rheumatology

Risk of Hypertensive Disorders and Preterm Birth in Pregnant Women With Systemic Vasculitides: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

  Circulation

Flipped C-Terminal Ends of APOA1 Promote ABCA1-Dependent Cholesterol Efflux by Small HDLs

American College of Cardiology

Revealing Mechanisms and Investigating Efficacy of Hemoadsorption for Prevention of Vasodilatory Shock in Cardiac Surgery Patients With Infective Endocarditis - REMOVE

  Journals of the American College of Cardiology

Intraoperative Anemia Mediates Sex Disparity in Operative Mortality After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

 Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Structural and Functional Brain Changes After Glucocorticoid Therapy in Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy 

 Neurology:

Sex Differences in the Role of Multimorbidity on Poststroke Disability: The Taiwan Stroke Registry

  Chest

Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders by COVID-19 Status Throughout the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Exploring the Association of Male Sex With Adverse Outcomes in Severe Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

  The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Lung Injury Prediction Model in Bone Marrow Transplantation: A Multicenter Cohort Study

 Clinical Journal of American Society of Nephrology

Time-Varying Determinants of Graft Failure in Pediatric Kidney Transplantation in Europe

Trends and Specific Causes of Cardiovascular Mortality after Kidney Transplantation in Finland

 Kidney International reports

Familial Variability of Disease Severity in Adult Patients With ADPKD

Hi, This Week in Medicine, we will be discussing

New England Journal of Medicine

Risk of Autism after Prenatal Topiramate, Valproate, or Lamotrigine Exposure

Ribociclib plus Endocrine Therapy in Early Breast Cancer

Intrathecal Gene Therapy for Giant Axonal Neuropathy

Anti–Interleukin-23 Autoantibodies in Adult-Onset Immunodeficiency

  Journal of  American Medical Association

Vibration-Controlled Transient Elastography Scores to Predict Liver-Related Events in Steatotic Liver Disease

Skin Biopsy Detection of Phosphorylated α-Synuclein in Patients With Synucleinopathies

Annals of Internal Medicine

Association of Low Glomerular Filtration Rate With Adverse Outcomes at Older Age in a Large Population With Routinely Measured Cystatin C

Surgery, Needle Fasciotomy, or Collagenase Injection for Dupuytren Contracture: A Randomized Controlled Trial

  British Medical Journal

Current safeguards, risk mitigation, and transparency measures of large language models against the generation of health disinformation: repeated cross sectional analysis

  Lancet

Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults

 Journal of Clinical Oncology

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in High-Grade Myxoid Liposarcoma: Results of the Expanded Cohort of a Randomized Trial From Italian (ISG), Spanish (GEIS), French (FSG), and Polish Sarcoma Groups (PSG)

  journal of Hepatology

Global survey of stigma among physicians and patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

 Clinical Gastroenterology

Buprenorphine Versus Diclofenac for Pain Relief in Acute Pancreatitis: A Double-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial

Sex Differences in Treatment Response to Nucleos(t)ide Therapy in Chronic Hepatitis B: A Multicenter Longitudinal Study

 Clinical Infectious Diseases

Emulating a Target Trial of Shorter Compared to Longer Course of Antibiotic Therapy for Gram-Negative Bacteremia

  Journal of Clinical Rheumatology 

Persistent Risk of Developing Autoimmune Diseases Associated With COVID-19: An Observational Study Using an Electronic Medical Record Database in Japan

Arthritis and Rheumatology

Three-Dimensional Chromosomal Landscape Revealing miR-146a Dysfunctional Enhancer in Lupus and Establishing a CRISPR-Mediated Approach to Inhibit the Interferon Pathway

Circulation

Arterial Thromboembolism in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and CHA2DS2-VASc Score 1: A Nationwide Study

American College of Cardiology

TAVR or SAVR in Severe Aortic Stenosis and Small Aortic Annulus

 Journals of the American College of Cardiology

Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibition in Patients With STEMI vs NSTEMI

  Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

High Incidence of Diabetes Mellitus After Distal Pancreatectomy and Its Predictors: A Long-term Follow-up Study 

  Neurology:

Effect of Evobrutinib on Slowly Expanding Lesion Volume in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Phase 2 Trial

  Chest

Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry and COPD Accelerate Frailty Progression

Changes in Respiratory Mechanics With Trunk Inclination Differs Between Patients With ARDS With and Without Obesity

Prospective Evaluation of Venous Excess Ultrasound for Estimation of Venous Congestion

 The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Extracorporeal Carbon Dioxide Removal to Avoid Invasive Ventilation During Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: VENT-AVOID Trial – A Randomized Clinical Trial

 Clinical Journal of American Society of Nephrology

Association of Bioimpedance Parameters with Increases in Blood Pressure during Hemodialysis

Drug-Coated Balloon Angioplasty for Dysfunctional Arteriovenous Hemodialysis Fistulae: A Randomized Controlled Trial

  Kidney International reports

Ecological Momentary Assessment to Explore Fatigue, Mood, and Physical Activity Levels in People Receiving Peritoneal Dialysis