This Week In Medicine

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 New England Journal of Medicine

CD19 CAR T-Cell Therapy in Autoimmune Disease — A Case Series with Follow-up

Tenecteplase for Stroke at 4.5 to 24 Hours with Perfusion-Imaging Selection

Biomarker Changes during 20 Years Preceding Alzheimer’s Disease

Rusfertide, a Hepcidin Mimetic, for Control of Erythrocytosis in Polycythemia Vera

 Journal of  American Medical Association

Examining Excess Mortality Associated With the COVID-19 Pandemic for Renters Threatened With Eviction

  Annals of Internal Medicine

Autoimmune Disorders Associated With Surgical Remission of Cushing’s Disease

A Cohort Study

  Nature Medicine

A terminal metabolite of niacin promotes vascular inflammation and contributes to cardiovascular disease risk

  British Medical Journal

Exposure-response associations between chronic exposure to fine particulate matter and risks of hospital admission for major cardiovascular diseases: population based cohort study

Short term exposure to low level ambient fine particulate matter and natural cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory morbidity

 Lancet

Efficacy and safety of aldosterone synthase inhibition with and without empagliflozin for chronic kidney disease: a randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial 

Journal of Clinical Oncology

Costs of Cancer Prevention: Physical and Psychosocial Sequelae of Risk-Reducing Total Gastrectomy

 Clinical Gastroenterology

An Analysis of Delayed Bleeding in Cases of Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Due to Types of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Japan

Hepatocellular Carcinoma Diagnosis and Management in 2021: A National Veterans Affairs Quality Improvement Project

  Clinical liver disease

Screening for hepatitis C as part of an opioid stewardship quality improvement initiative: Identifying infected patients and analyzing linkage to care

 Clinical Infectious Diseases

Clinical Outcomes and Bacterial Characteristics of Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Among Patients From Different Global Regions

 Journal of Clinical Rheumatology 

Unveiling the Link Between Antiphospholipid Antibodies and Cognitive Dysfunction in the Almenara Lupus Cohort

  Arthritis and Rheumatology

Derivation and Internal Validation of a Disease-Specific Cardiovascular Risk Prediction Model for Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis and Psoriasis

 Circulation

Arrhythmic Risk in Biventricular Pacing Compared With Left Bundle Branch Area Pacing: Results From the I-CLAS Study

American College of Cardiology

Validation of a Protein Risk Score for Mortality in HF

 American College of Cardiology

Large-Scale Proteomics Identifies Novel Biomarkers and Circulating Risk Factors for Aortic Stenosis

 Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Improvements in Sperm Motility Following Low- or High-Intensity Dietary Interventions in Men With Obesity

  Neurology:

Geographic Disparities in Access to Neurologists and Multiple Sclerosis Care in the United States

Changes in Digital Speech Measures in Asymptomatic Carriers of Pathogenic Variants Associated With Frontotemporal Degeneration

  Chest

Outcomes of Intermittent Multidrug IV Therapy for Refractory Mycobacterium abscessus Pulmonary Disease

Low Tidal Volume Ventilation Is Poorly Implemented for Patients in North American and United Kingdom ICUs Using Electronic Health Records

  The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Plasma Metabolomics Reveals Distinct Biological and Diagnostic Signatures for Melioidosis

 Clinical Gastroenterology AND Hepatology

An Analysis of Delayed Bleeding in Cases of Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Due to Types of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Japan

Association of Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibition With Liver-Related Events and Mortality in Compensated Cirrhosis

 Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology 

Clinical outcomes before and after prucalopride treatment: an observational study in patients with chronic idiopathic constipation in the USA

 Clinical Journal of American Society of Nephrology

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Comparative Safety of Antidepressants in Adults with CKD

Evaluation of Opening Offers Early for Deceased Donor Kidneys at Risk of Nonutilization

 Kidney International reports

Influenza Vaccine Administration and Effectiveness Among Children and Adults With Glomerular Disease

Impact of Remote Monitoring on Standardized Outcomes in Nephrology-Peritoneal Dialysis

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New England Journal of Medicine

Inhibition of CD40L with Frexalimab in Multiple Sclerosis

Electronic Nicotine-Delivery Systems for Smoking Cessation

Cefepime–Taniborbactam in Complicated Urinary Tract Infection

  Journal of  American Medical Association

Mass Azithromycin Distribution to Prevent Child Mortality in Burkina Faso

  Annals of Internal Medicine

Surgery, Needle Fasciotomy, or Collagenase Injection for Dupuytren Contracture

A Randomized Controlled Trial

 Nature Medicine

Effectiveness and safety of telehealth medication abortion in the USA

  British Medical Journal

Effect of exercise for depression: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

 Lancet

Chemoprevention for malaria with monthly intermittent preventive treatment with dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine in pregnant women living with HIV on daily co-trimoxazole in Kenya and Malawi: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

  Journal of Clinical Oncology

DNA Mutational Profiling in Patients With Colorectal Cancer Treated With Standard of Care Reveals Differences in Outcome and Racial Distribution of Mutations

  Clinical Gastroenterology

Defining Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth by Culture and High Throughput Sequencing

Association of Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibition With Liver-Related Events and Mortality in Compensated Cirrhosis

  Clinical liver disease

Screening for hepatitis C as part of an opioid stewardship quality improvement initiative: Identifying infected patients and analyzing linkage to care

 Arthritis and Rheumatology

Genetic Influence on Osteoarthritis Versus Other Rheumatic Diseases

  Circulation

Associations Between End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide During Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Quality, and Survival

 Journals of the American College of Cardiology

Universal Risk Prediction for Individuals With and Without Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease

 Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Thyroid Cancer Polygenic Risk Score Improves Classification of Thyroid Nodules as Benign or MalignantGet a

Sonographic Features of Atypical and Initially Missed Parathyroid Adenomas: Lessons Learned From a Single-Center Cohort

  Neurology:

Hospitalizations and Mortality From Myasthenia Gravis: Trends From 2 US National Datasets

Safety and Efficacy of Nipocalimab in Patients With Generalized Myasthenia Gravis: Results From the Randomized Phase 2 Vivacity-MG Study

  Chest

Glycated Hemoglobin Trajectories and Their Association With Treatment Outcomes Among Patients With Pulmonary TB in India

Peripheral Administration of Norepinephrine

A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

  The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Blood-based Transcriptomic and Proteomic Biomarkers of Emphysema

  Clinical Gastroenterology AND Hepatology

Defining Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth by Culture and High Throughput Sequencing

Age-Dependent Female Survival Advantage in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Multicenter Cohort Study

  Clinical Journal of American Society of Nephrology

Effect of Resveratrol on Endothelial Function in Patients with CKD and Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

  Kidney International reports

Implementation of a 1-Day Living Kidney Donor Evaluation Program: A Qualitative Analysis of Donor Candidate and Stakeholder Perspectives

An Artificial Intelligence Generated Automated Algorithm to Measure Total Kidney Volume in ADPKD

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New England Journal of Medicine

A Phase 3, Randomized, Controlled Trial of Resmetirom in NASH with Liver Fibrosis

An Oral Interleukin-23–Receptor Antagonist Peptide for Plaque Psoriasis

  Journal of  American Medical Association

Apixaban to Prevent Recurrence After Cryptogenic Stroke in Patients With Atrial Cardiopathy

The ARCADIA Randomized Clinical Trial

Methylprednisolone as Adjunct to Endovascular Thrombectomy for Large-Vessel Occlusion Stroke

The MARVEL Randomized Clinical Trial

 Annals of Internal Medicine

Reducing Care Overuse in Older Patients Using Professional Norms and Accountability

A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial

Trends in Psychological Distress and Outpatient Mental Health Care of Adults During the COVID-19 Era

 Nature Medicine

Reductions in smoking due to ratification of the Framework Convention for Tobacco Control in 171 countries

 British Medical Journal

Duration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and outcomes for adults with in-hospital cardiac arrest: retrospective cohort study

Clinical effectiveness of an online supervised group physical and mental health rehabilitation programme for adults with post-covid-19 condition (REGAIN study): multicentre randomised controlled trial 

 Lancet

Cultural engagement and prevalence of pain in socially isolated older people: a longitudinal modified treatment policy approach

 Journal of Clinical Oncology

Long-Term Results of Organ Preservation in Patients With Rectal Adenocarcinoma Treated With Total Neoadjuvant Therapy: The Randomized Phase II OPRA Trial

  journal of Hepatology

CD1d protects against hepatocyte apoptosis in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

  Clinical Gastroenterology

Real-World Efficacy of Dupilumab in Severe, Treatment-Refractory, and Fibrostenotic Patients With Eosinophilic Esophagitis

  Blood

Three-year follow-up analysis of axicabtagene ciloleucel in relapsed/refractory indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (ZUMA-5)

  Journal of Clinical Rheumatology 

Racial Disparities in Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients With Dermatomyositis of Different Skin Tones

 Arthritis and Rheumatology

Anti–Citrullinated Protein Antibodies With Multiple Specificities Ameliorate Collagen Antibody–Induced Arthritis in a Time-Dependent Manner

  Circulation

Long-Term Mortality in Patients With Severe Hypercholesterolemia Phenotype From a Racial and Ethnically Diverse US Cohort

Next article from 

American College of Cardiology

E-Cigarettes vs. Varenicline and Nicotine Gum as Aid to Stop Smoking

 Journals of the American College of Cardiology

Randomized Trial of Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Blood Pressure After 5 Years

  Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Clinical and Biochemical Characteristics of Alemtuzumab-Induced Graves Disease 

 Neurology:

Association Between Hippocampal Volumes and Cognition in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy

 Chest

Clinical Response and Remission in Patients With Severe Asthma Treated With Biologic Therapies

 The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Association Between T2-related Comorbidities and Effectiveness of Biologics in Severe Asthma

  Clinical Gastroenterology AND Hepatology

Real-World Efficacy of Dupilumab in Severe, Treatment-Refractory, and Fibrostenotic Patients With Eosinophilic Esophagitis

 Clinical Journal of American Society of Nephrology

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Regional Citrate Anticoagulation versus No Anticoagulation for CKRT in Patients with Liver Failure with Increased Bleeding Risk

 Kidney International reports

Implementation of the ASCENT Trial to Improve Transplant Waitlisting Access

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New England Journal of Medicine

Live, Attenuated, Tetravalent Butantan–Dengue Vaccine in Children and Adults

Skin Antisepsis before Surgical Fixation of Extremity Fractures

Trial of N-Acetyl-l-Leucine in Niemann–Pick Disease Type C

CRISPR-Cas9 In Vivo Gene Editing of KLKB1 for Hereditary Angioedema

  Journal of  American Medical Association

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Extremely Preterm Infants Fed Donor Milk or Preterm Infant Formula

Functional Outcomes After Localized Prostate Cancer Treatment

  Nature Medicine

First-line sugemalimab with chemotherapy for advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a randomized phase 3 study

  British Medical Journal

Atypia detected during breast screening and subsequent development of cancer: observational analysis of the Sloane atypia prospective cohort in England

 Lancet

Conservative versus liberal oxygenation targets in critically ill children (Oxy-PICU): a UK multicentre, open, parallel-group, randomised clinical trial

  Journal of Clinical Oncology

Omission of Radiotherapy After Breast-Conserving Surgery for Women With Breast Cancer With Low Clinical and Genomic Risk: 5-Year Outcomes of IDEA

  journal of Hepatology

Adjusted estimate of the prevalence of hepatitis delta virus in 25 countries and territories

 Clinical Gastroenterology

Real-World Efficacy of Dupilumab in Severe, Treatment-Refractory, and Fibrostenotic Patients With Eosinophilic Esophagitis

 endent Female Survival Advantage in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Multicenter Cohort Study

  Arthritis and Rheumatology

Kidney Outcomes and Preservation of Kidney Function With Obinutuzumab in Patients With Lupus Nephritis: A Post Hoc Analysis of the NOBILITY Trial

  Circulation

Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Inclisiran in Patients With Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Results From the ORION-5 Randomized Clinical Trial

American College of Cardiology

CRP Modifies Lp(a)-Related Risk for CHD

 Journals of the American College of Cardiology

Outcomes According to Coronary Revascularization Modality in the ISCHEMIA Trial

 Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Clinical and Biochemical Characteristics of Alemtuzumab-Induced Graves Disease 

Tirzepatide Immunogenicity on Pharmacokinetics, Efficacy, and Safety: Analysis of Data From Phase 3 Studies 

  Neurology:

Association Between Hippocampal Volumes and Cognition in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy

Bisphosphonates in Glucocorticoid-Treated Patients With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Systematic Review and Grading of the Evidence

 Chest

Is Tobacco Use Associated With Risk of Recurrence and Mortality Among People With TB?

 The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Association Between T2-related Comorbidities and Effectiveness of Biologics in Severe Asthma

 Clinical Gastroenterology AND Hepatology

Real-World Efficacy of Dupilumab in Severe, Treatment-Refractory, and Fibrostenotic Patients With Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance Patterns and Outcomes in Patients With Cirrhosis

  Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology 

Development and Validation of Serum Markers as Noninvasive Diagnostic Methods for Achalasia

 Clinical Kidney  Journal 

Differentiating primary and secondary FSGS using non-invasive urine biomarkers

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New England Journal of Medicine

Daratumumab, Bortezomib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone for Multiple Myeloma

Trial of Selective Early Treatment of Patent Ductus Arteriosus with Ibuprofen

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Therapy Guided by Measurable Residual Disease

  Journal of  American Medical Association

Rape-Related Pregnancies in the 14 US States With Total Abortion Bans

International Consensus Criteria for Pediatric Sepsis and Septic Shock

 Functional Outcomes After Localized Prostate Cancer Treatment

Cancer Diagnoses After Recent Weight Loss

Recreational and Medical Cannabis Legalization and Opioid Prescriptions and Mortality

Opioid Prescribing Patterns After Imposition of Setting-Specific Limits on Prescription Duration

  Annals of Internal Medicine

Cumulative Incidence of Thiazide-Induced Hyponatremia

HIV Testing and Preexposure Prophylaxis Prescriptions Among U.S. Commercially Insured Transgender Men and Women, 2014 to 2021

 Nature Medicine

British Medical Journal

Ecological study estimating melanoma overdiagnosis in the USA using the lifetime risk method

De-escalation of dual antiplatelet therapy for patients with acute coronary syndrome after percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

 Lancet

Imetelstat in patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes who have relapsed or are refractory to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (IMerge): a multinational, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial

 JAMA Cardiology

Polygenic Risk in Families With Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection

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New England Journal of Medicine

Testosterone Treatment and Fractures in Men with Hypogonadism

Long-Term Outcomes of Resynchronization–Defibrillation for Heart Failure

Azithromycin during Routine Well-Infant Visits to Prevent Death

Oral Simnotrelvir for Adult Patients with Mild-to-Moderate Covid-19

  Journal of  American Medical Association

Risk of Gastrointestinal Adverse Events Associated With Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists for Weight Loss

 Annals of Internal Medicine

Effectiveness of Recombinant Zoster Vaccine Against Herpes Zoster in a Real-World Setting

  Nature Medicine

Health effects associated with exposure to secondhand smoke: a Burden of Proof study

 Lancet

 Familial hypercholesterolaemia in children and adolescents from 48 countries: a cross-sectional study

  Circulation

ChaMP-CMD: A Phenotype-Blinded, Randomized Controlled, Cross-Over Trial

American College of Cardiology

Arrhythmic Mitral Valve Prolapse in Unexplained Cardiac Arrest

 Journals of the American College of Cardiology

Health Status After Transcatheter Tricuspid-Valve Repair in Patients With Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation

 Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Acute Statin Withdrawal Does not Interfere With the Improvements of a Session of Exercise in Postprandial Metabolism

Association Between Free Fatty Acids and Cardiometabolic Risk in Coronary Artery Disease: Results From the PROMISE Study

 journal of Hepatology

Predicting survival in patients with ‘non-high-risk’ acute variceal bleeding receiving β-blockers+ligation to prevent re-bleeding

 Clinical Gastroenterology AND Hepatology

Regional Differences in Clinical Presentation and Prognosis of Patients With Post–Sustained Virologic Response Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Evolution of Symptoms After Ustekinumab Induction Therapy in Patients With Crohn’s Disease

  Clinical Gastroenterology

A Delphi Method for Development of a Barrett’s Esophagus Question Prompt List as a Communication Tool for Optimal Patient-physician Communication

  Journal of infectious Diseases

Two-Year Duration of Immunity of Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine: A Follow-up Study in Pakistan in 2020

  Chest

Epidemiology and Clinical Patterns of Lung Abscesses in ICU

A FRENCH MULTICENTER RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

 The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

The Impact of Donor Smoking on Primary Graft Dysfunction and Mortality after Lung Transplantation

 Clinical Journal of American Society of Nephrology

Associations of Biomarkers of Tubular Injury and Inflammation with Biopsy Features in Type 1 Diabetes

 Kidney International reports

CKD is the Major Cause of Death in Uddanam: A Population-Representative Study Using Smart Verbal Autopsy

Optimization of Rituximab Therapy in Adult Patients With PLA2R1-Associated Membranous Nephropathy With Artificial Intelligence 

Exercise-Induced Fluid Retention, Cardiac Volume Overload, and Peripheral Edema in Ultra-Distance Cyclists

 Neurology:

Initiation of Antiseizure Medications by US Board-Certified Neurologists After a First Unprovoked Seizure Based on EEG Findings

 Journal of Clinical Oncology

Efficacy and Safety of Trastuzumab Deruxtecan in Patients With HER2-Expressing Solid Tumors: Primary Results From the DESTINY-PanTumor02 Phase II Trial

 Journal of Clinical Rheumatology 

Racial Disparities in Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients With Dermatomyositis of Different Skin Tones

  Arthritis and Rheumatology

A Randomized Controlled Neuroimaging Trial of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Fibromyalgia Pain

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New England Journal of Medicine

Apixaban for Stroke Prevention in Subclinical Atrial Fibrillation

Repotrectinib in ROS1 Fusion–Positive Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Efficacy and Safety of Acoramidis in Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy

Two Randomized Trials of Low-Dose Calcium Supplementation in Pregnancy

 Journal of  American Medical Association

Social Risk and Dialysis Facility Performance in the First Year of the ESRD Treatment Choices Model

Measuring Equity in Readmission as a Distinct Assessment of Hospital Performance

Importance  Equity is an essential domain of health care quality. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) developed 2 Disparity Methods that together assess equity in clinical outcomes.

 Annals of Internal Medicine

Real-World Effectiveness of BNT162b2 Against Infection and Severe Diseases in Children and Adolescents

  Nature Medicine

Insights for precision oncology from the integration of genomic and clinical data of 13,880 tumors from the 100,000 Genomes Cancer Programme

 British Medical Journal

Perinatal depression and risk of mortality: nationwide, register based study in Sweden

Next article from Lancet

Perinatal morbidity among women with a previous caesarean delivery (PRISMA trial): a cluster-randomised trial

 Circulation

Inflammation and Cholesterol as Predictors of Cardiovascular Events Among 13 970 Contemporary High-Risk Patients With Statin Intolerance

American College of Cardiology

Short and Optimal Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Everolimus-Eluting Cobalt-Chromium Stent-2

Treatment Effect of IV Iron in Iron-Deficient Heart Failure

 Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

A Randomized Clinical Trial of Intravenous Methylprednisolone With 2 Protocols in Patients With Graves Orbitopathy

Metabolites as Risk Factors for Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A 12-Year Follow-up Study

  journal of Hepatology

A  prospective, multicenter, three-cohort study evaluating contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) in patients with cirrhosis

Background & Aims

  Clinical Gastroenterology AND Hepatology

Helicobacter pylori Burden in the United States According to Individual Demographics and Geography: A Nationwide Analysis of the Veterans Healthcare System

Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Risk of Immune Mediated Inflammatory Diseases

  Clinical Gastroenterology

A Delphi Method for Development of a Barrett’s Esophagus Question Prompt List as a Communication Tool for Optimal Patient-physician Communication

 Chest

Is Tobacco Use Associated With Risk of Recurrence and Mortality Among People With TB?

A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

 The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Application of Global Lung Function Initiative Global Spirometry Reference Equations across a Large, Multicenter Pulmonary Function Lab Population

  Clinical Journal of American Society of Nephrology

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Performance of ChatGPT on Nephrology Test Questions

  Kidney International reports

Higher Nocturnal Blood Pressure and Blunted Nocturnal Dipping Are Associated With Decreased Daytime Urinary Sodium and Potassium Excretion in Patients With CKD

Validation of a Core Patient-Reported Outcome Measure for Life Participation in Kidney Transplant Recipients: the SONG Life Participation Instrument

Postreperfusion Renal Allograft Biopsy Predicts Outcome of Single-Kidney Transplantation: A 10-Year Observational Study in China

  Neurology:

Exploring Factors That Prolong the Diagnosis of Myasthenia Gravis

 JAMA Neurology:

APOE Genotype and Alzheimer Disease Risk Across Age, Sex, and Population Ancestry

 Journal of Clinical Oncology

Prophylactic Radiation Therapy Versus Standard of Care for Patients With High-Risk Asymptomatic Bone Metastases: A Multicenter, Randomized Phase II Clinical Trial

 Journal of Clinical Rheumatology 

Burden of Other Musculoskeletal Disorders in Latin America and the Caribbean: Findings of Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

 Arthritis and Rheumatology

Distinct Scleroderma Autoantibody Profiles Stratify Patients for Cancer Risk at Scleroderma Onset and During the Disease Course

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New England Journal of Medicine

Drug-Eluting Resorbable Scaffold versus Angioplasty for Infrapopliteal Artery Disease

A Phase 2 Trial of Sibeprenlimab in Patients with IgA Nephropathy

Liquefied Petroleum Gas or Biomass Cooking and Severe Infant Pneumonia

 Journal of  American Medical Association

Continued Treatment With Tirzepatide for Maintenance of Weight Reduction in Adults With ObesityThe SURMOUNT-4 Randomized Clinical Trial

Pregnancy After Breast Cancer in Young BRCA CarriersAn International Hospital-Based Cohort  

Nature Medicine

A digital health algorithm to guide antibiotic prescription in pediatric outpatient care: a cluster randomized controlled trial

 British Medical Journal

Retail demand for emergency contraception in United States following New Year holiday: time series study

  Lancet

 Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab and chemotherapy for metastatic, persistent, or recurrent cervical cancer (BEATcc): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial

  Circulation

Invasive Endotyping in Patients With Angina and No Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

American College of Cardiology

Pivotal Investigation of Safety and Efficacy of Drug-Eluting Resorbable Scaffold Treatment-Below the Knee

Revascularization for Ischemic Ventricular Dysfunction

  Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Efficacy and Safety of Teprotumumab in Patients With Thyroid Eye Disease of Long Duration and Low Disease Activity 

Higher Risk of Incident Hyperthyroidism in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation

  journal of Hepatology

Incidence and predictors of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with autoimmune hepatitis

 Clinical Gastroenterology AND Hepatology

Achalasia is Strongly Associated With Eosinophilic Esophagitis and Other Allergic Disorde

Development and Validation of the Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Familial Risk Score to Detect Advanced Fibrosis: A Prospective, Multicenter Study

  The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Early Evidence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Obscured by Race-Specific Prediction Equations

  Kidney International reports

Systematic Review of Cardiovascular Benefits and Safety of Sacubitril-Valsartan in End-Stage Kidney Disease

Improved Renal Function in Initial Treatment Improves Patient Survival, Renal Outcomes, and Glucocorticoid-Related Complications in IgG4-Related Kidney Disease in Japan

Iptacopan in Idiopathic Immune Complex–Mediated Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis: Protocol of the APPARENT Multicenter, Randomized Phase 3 Study

 Neurology:

Health and Wellness Coaching for 5-Year Projected Cardiovascular Health: A Randomized Controlled Trial

  JAMA Neurology:

Atrial Fibrillation In Patients With Stroke Attributed to Large- or Small-Vessel Disease

  Journal of Clinical Oncology

Isatuximab, Carfilzomib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone for the Treatment of High-Risk Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma

Journal of Clinical Rheumatology 

Racial Disparities in Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients With Dermatomyositis of Different Skin Tones

  Arthritis and Rheumatology

Safety and Efficacy of Long-Term Voclosporin Treatment for Lupus Nephritis in the Phase 3 AURORA 2 Clinical Trial

Happy New year! Hope 2024 will bring peace,happiness and healing to the world.

Hi, This Week in Medicine, we will be discussing

 New England Journal of Medicine

Dual Antiplatelet Treatment up to 72 Hours after Ischemic Stroke

Nirsevimab for Prevention of Hospitalizations Due to RSV in Infants

Sparsentan versus Irbesartan in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis

Restrictive or Liberal Transfusion Strategy in Myocardial Infarction and Anemia

 Journal of  American Medical Association

Changes in Hospital Adverse Events and Patient Outcomes Associated With Private Equity Acquisition

  Annals of Internal Medicine

Effect of Complementary Interventions to Redesign Care on Teamwork and Quality for Hospitalized Medical Patients

A Pragmatic Controlled Trial

  Nature Medicine

The infant gut virome is associated with preschool asthma risk independently of bacteria

  Lancet

Treatment of severe symptomatic aortic valve stenosis using non-invasive ultrasound therapy: a cohort study

 Journal of Clinical Oncology

Health-Related Quality of Life With Nivolumab Plus Chemotherapy Versus Chemotherapy in Patients With Advanced Gastric/Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer or Esophageal Adenocarcinoma From CheckMate 649

  journal of Hepatology

Familial coaggregation of MASLD with hepatocellular carcinoma and adverse liver outcomes: Nationwide multigenerational cohort study

 Clinical Gastroenterology

Recent Trends in the Incidence of Gastric Cancer in the United States

Defecation Symptoms in Relation to Stool Consistency Significantly Reflect the Dyssynergic Pattern in High-resolution Anorectal Manometry in Constipated Patients

 Clinical Infectious Diseases

Oral Lipid Nanocrystal Amphotericin B for Cryptococcal Meningitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis With Liver Fibrosis as Predictors of New-Onset Diabetes Mellitus in People With HIV: A Longitudinal Cohort Study

 Journal of Clinical Rheumatology 

Evaluation of Gastrointestinal System Complaints and Comorbidities in Pediatric Familial Mediterranean Fever Patients

 Arthritis and Rheumatology

Association Between Severe Nonadherence to Hydroxychloroquine and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Flares, Damage, and Mortality in 660 Patients From the SLICC Inception Cohort

 Circulation

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Fuels Cardiovascular Inflammation and Aggravates Ischemic Cardiac Injury

American College of Cardiology

Role of Polyunsaturated Fat in Modifying CVD Risk 

 Journals of the American College of Cardiology

Association of Lipoprotein(a) Levels With Myocardial Fibrosis in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

  Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Association of Body Mass Index and Its Change With Incident Diabetes Mellitus

The Presence and Severity of NAFLD are Associated With Cognitive Impairment and Hippocampal Damage

 Neurology:

Clinical Associations and Prognostic Value of MRI-Visible Perivascular Spaces in Patients With Ischemic Stroke or TIA: A Pooled Analysis

  Chest

Indicators of Neighborhood-Level Socioeconomic Position and Pediatric Critical Illness

  The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Early Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery or Intrapleural Enzyme Therapy in Pleural Infection: A Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial. The Third Multicenter Intrapleural Sepsis Trial—MIST-3

  Clinical Gastroenterology AND Hepatology

Epidemiology of Gastric Malignancies 2000–2018 According to Histology: A Population-Based Analysis of Incidence and Temporal Trends

Background & Aims

  Clinical Journal of American Society of Nephrology

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Vascular Access–Related Distal Ischemia Requiring Intervention: Frequency, Risk Factors, and Consequences

 Kidney International reports

Contemporary Practice of Anemia Treatment Among Dialysis Patients in the United States

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New England Journal of Medicine

A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Stable Angina

Doxycycline Prophylaxis to Prevent Sexually Transmitted Infections in Women

Simvastatin in Critically Ill Patients with Covid-19

 Journal of  American Medical Association

Association Between Daily Toothbrushing and Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

 Annals of Internal Medicine

Inappropriate Prescribing to Older Patients by Nurse Practitioners and Primary Care Physicians

 Nature Medicine

The infant gut virome is associated with preschool asthma risk independently of bacteria

 Lancet

Ubrogepant for the treatment of migraine attacks during the prodrome: a phase 3, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial in the USA

  Journal of Clinical Oncology

Oral Selinexor as Maintenance Therapy After First-Line Chemotherapy for Advanced or Recurrent Endometrial Cancer

 journal of Hepatology

Progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and long-term outcomes: A nationwide paired liver biopsy cohort study

 Clinical Gastroenterology

The Overlap Subgroup of Functional Dyspepsia Exhibits More Severely Impaired Gastric and Autonomic Functions

Effect of Premedication With Pronase Before Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Multicenter Prospective Randomized Controlled Study

  Clinical Infectious Diseases

Remdesivir Reduced Mortality in Immunocompromised Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 Across Variant Waves: Findings From Routine Clinical Practice

Pericoronary Adipose Tissue Density, Inflammation, and Subclinical Coronary Artery Disease Among People With HIV in the REPRIEVE Cohort

  Journal of Clinical Rheumatology 

Barriers and Solutions for Pediatric Rheumatology Referrals in a Rural Area: Physician Survey Results From Montana State

  Arthritis and Rheumatology

Relation of Intra-Articular Mineralization to Knee Pain in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Longitudinal Analysis in the MOST Study

 Circulation

Dapagliflozin and Apparent Treatment-Resistant Hypertension in Heart Failure With Mildly Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction: The DELIVER Trial

American College of Cardiology

Semaglutide Effects on Cardiovascular Outcomes in People With Overweight or Obesity

  Journals of the American College of Cardiology

Lipoprotein(a) and Risks of Peripheral Artery Disease, Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm, and Major Adverse Limb Events

 Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Association Between Insulin Resistance and Myosteatosis Measured by Abdominal Computed Tomography

The Glucose Challenge Test in Pregnancy Identifies Future Risk of Diabetes

 Neurology:

Association of Spinal Cord Atrophy and Brain Paramagnetic Rim Lesions With Progression Independent of Relapse Activity in People With MS

 Chest

Association Between Rome Classification Among Hospitalized Patients With COPD Exacerbations and Short-Term and Intermediate-Term Outcomes

    The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

High-Dose Inhaled Nitric Oxide in Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure Due to COVID-19: A Multicenter Phase II Trial

  Clinical Gastroenterology AND Hepatology

Global Incidence and Prevalence of Eosinophilic Esophagitis, 1976–2022: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

 Clinical Journal of American Society of Nephrology

Interstitial Eosinophilic Aggregates and Kidney Outcome in Patients with CKD

 Kidney International reports

Patient Survival With Extended Home Hemodialysis Compared to In-Center Conventional Hemodialysis