Understanding Spoken Russian

Understanding Spoken Russian

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Understanding Spoken Russian episodes

  • Understanding Spoken Russian – Learn Russian Ep. 10

    Hi,

    guys. No transcript today. Remember, the whole focus of this course
    is to have you listen closely and do your best to make sense of what
    the speakers are saying. There’s not much point, then, in writing
    everything out for you. But, since you’re here, let me list the
    various songs and artists you heard throughout the midterm.

    Ani

    Lorak: Я С Тобой – (I’m With
    You)

    Klara

    Koka: Май – (the
    month of May)

    St1m:

    Сестрёнка –
    (Little sister) (Note: Not sure how to pronounce the artist’s
    name, but it is indeed spelled “St1m”.)

    Римский-Корсаков:

    “Полет шмеля” из оперы “Сказка о царе
    Салтане”

    Rimsky

    Korsokov: “Flight of the Bumblebee” from the opera, “A
    Story About the Tsar Sultan.”

    Рахманинов

    (Rachmaninov): Piano
    Concerto #2

    5sta

    Family: Зачем? (Why / What for?) (Note: Once again, unsure
    of how to pronounce their name.)

    32 min
  • Understanding Spoken Russian – Learn Russian Ep. 9

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    *

    NOTE *

    All

    phrases intended for translating/listening practice have been
    deleted.

    Welcome

    to Episode 9. You may have noticed that in the last episode we heard
    a bunch of phrases that I never actually translated for you. All
    these…

    Ты

    работаешь в кинотеатре?

    Нет.

    Майкл работает в кинотеатре.

    I

    didn’t translate because we were simply listening for our verb
    patterns:

    Tee…something…ish.

    Michael…something…et.

    Jessica…something…eet.

    The

    verbs, though, that we heard were all in the top ten most commonly
    used verbs in Russian…in any language, really. And today, we’re
    going to work with four of them. Can you translate them?

    (vege
    chopping sounds)

    Привет,

    Полина. Что ты делаешь?

    Я

    делаю салат.

    “Hi

    Polina. What are doing?”

    “I’m

    making a salad.”

    Hmmm..the

    same verb—делать can translate as
    doing and making? Yup. If I walk into my son’s room and I see
    he’s stacking all his furniture against the wall, building a fort or
    something, I’d yell…Андрей! Что ты
    делаешь!

    Andrei,

    what are you doing?

    He

    says: Я делаю
    форт.

    I’m

    making a fort.

    Later,

    if he’s at the table drawing a picture and putting sprinkles on it
    and such, I’d ask again:

    Ей

    Андрей, что ты делаешь?

    What

    are you making?

    Я

    делаю
    картинку маме.

    I’m

    making a picture for mom.

    The

    translation just depends on context. Imagine I’m putting together
    little William’s birthday present. A bicycle. He wants to come into
    the room, but Andrei stops him. Listen..

    Папа

    делает тебе сюрприз.

    Dad

    is making a surprise for you.

    Ask

    your friend,who has flour and sugar and butter all over the
    place…Are you making a cake?

    How

    about this next one? Again, one of the most common verbs in any
    language…

    (sound
    of soda can)

    Таня,

    хочешь колу? Есть Пепси, Спрайт, Кок.

    Нет,

    спасибо. Я не хочу колу.

    Do

    you want a cola? (soda)

    No.

    I don’t want.

    I’m

    trying to feed our kids, when my wife calls. I tell her…

    Андрюша

    не хочет суп.

    А

    что он хочет?

    Andrusha

    doesn’t want soup.

    So,

    what does he want?

    Try

    to say: I don’t want pizza.

    –

    – –

    You’re

    eating potato chips when a friend walks in. Jiggle the bag and ask,
    with one word: Want?

    –

    – –

    Let’s

    do some review, now, from the last episode. Ask a friend, “You
    wouldn’t happen to know where my telephone is?” Literally: You
    don’t know where my telephone is?

    –

    – –

    Ok,

    now let’s review what we’ve worked on so far in today’s episode. Can
    you translate the gist of the following phrases?

    –

    – –

    So

    far so good? Let’s try two more verbs…again, we heard them in the
    last episode, now we’ll take a closer look. Imagine you friend calls
    and asks if you’re up for basketball. But that afternoon, you
    sprained your ankle. So you say..

    Я

    не могу играть. Нога болит.

    I

    can’t play. My leg hurts.

    Someone

    calls asking to speak to your roommate But he’s in the shower. So you
    say…

    Он

    не может говорить.

    He

    can’t talk.

    Your

    mom’s about to head to the store and you’re feeling thirsty for
    something sweet. So you ask…

    Мама,

    ты можешь купить мне лимонад?

    Mom,

    can you buy me lemonade?

    Let’s

    try those again. I can. You can. He can.

    Я

    могу. Ты можешь. Он может.

    And

    our last verb. Remember, in one of the first episodes, we listened to
    my 3 yr old son William using a construction? Well, here’s what he
    said…translated into Russian. Listen…

    Я

    люблю….Маму. /…папу. /…бабушку.
    /…дедушку. /…Андрюшу

    I

    love Mommy, Daddy, Grandma, Grandpa and Andryusha.

    And

    why all those “u”endings? Mamu, Papu, Babushku? Because
    loving something counts as doing something to it

    Here’s

    the “you” form of the verb. Imagine that, while your
    significant other is away, you remodel their
    room with bookshelves stacked with books. You explain…

    Я

    знаю, что ты любишь читать.

    I

    know, that you love to read.

    And

    the he/she form. Listen…

    Папа

    любит смотреть бейсбол.

    Dad

    loves to watch baseball.

    Let’s

    hear those again…I love, you love, he loves…

    Я

    люблю, ты любишь, он любит

    So

    now…let’s put all four of those verbs together. Again, just try to
    get the gist of these phrases. At a minimum, try to get, like, “he
    wants” or “Grandma loves”…Ready?

    <>

    A

    lot of people have been writing in, asking about additional listening
    practice. Obviously, Russian songs are a great place to start. What I
    would do is Google “famous Russian singers” and then click
    on whoever interests you. In fact, in the next episode—the USR
    Midterm—I’ll be playing cuts from a variety of Russian and
    Ukrainian singers.

    So,

    songs are one source. The other obvious choice is Russian
    movies…which I don’t really recommend. Oh, it’s a popular
    suggestion online, on sites like reddit and Quora…”Watch
    Russian movies with subtitles.”

    I

    appreciate that they’re trying to help, but it’s a thoughtless
    suggestion. Russian movies, written, acted, directed by
    Russians…use an extremely challenging register of Russian speech.
    Moreover, they’re talking about things—aspects of life in
    Russia—which would be alien to you. Do you know what ZAGs and Ovir
    are? What a podval looks like…to say nothing of a cherdak. Do you
    know what it’s like to shop in the центральный
    рынок…the old ones, where the stands are barely ten
    feet wide and the alleys crammed with shoppers who rode in from the
    celo? It’s just…it’s too much.

    Instead,

    I recommend watching dubbed cartoons. Peppa Pig. Robocar Poli. Super
    Wings. Peppa Pig is great because each episode is so short. Five
    minutes…maybe seven? But more importantly, it deals with things we
    understand well. Going to the store. Cooking dinner. Going to the
    playground. A trip to the lake. And to really get your money’s
    worth, watch the episode in English first, then the same one in
    Russian. And don’t bother with the closed captioning to read
    along…its ability to transcribe is laughably bad. Just relax, and
    listen.

    You

    could also watch feature-length cartoons dubbed into Russian. Toy
    Story, Frozen, Tangled, Lion King…whatever. Choose whichever
    you’ve seen and know well, and then search for the Russian dubbed
    version. We do quite a bit of that in my Russian Accelerator podcast,
    and it’s fascinating. Whoever Disney and Pixar are using for
    translating the scripts…they’re geniuses Really, amazingly good
    work. Because especially trying to translate songs? So so hard. And
    they always nail it.

    23 min
  • Understanding Spoken Russian – Learn Russian Ep. 8

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    *

    NOTE *

    All

    phrases intended for translating/listening practice have been
    deleted.

    Welcome to Episode 8. In the last episode we learned to pick out two important verb patterns in Russian…the first was for when a speaker is talking about themself in the present tense—like, я работаю я живу я смотрю …and we also learned to pick out when they’re talking about you.

    Like:

    Где ты работаешь? Где ты
    живёшь? In today’s lesson we’ll add a new form.

    But

    first let’s review what we learned. All I want you to say is whether
    Я or Ты is the
    subject of the sentence…the one doing the action. Ready?

    –

    – –

    Alright,

    on to today’s main topic which is the “he/she” form of
    verbs…again, in the present tense.

    No

    rules or conjugation charts…just a super easy pattern that we’ll
    practice spotting. In the following exchanges, Katya is sitting with
    Anton and some friends who don’t speak Russian. So, Katya will ask
    Anton…for ex: Do you want pizza? And he’ll answer: No, Tony wants
    pizza….each time, using a different name. Just listen…

    –

    – –

    So

    we had: Майкл работает, София
    делает, Роберт знает, Джессика хочет,
    Андрюша не может

    Those

    were the he and she forms of those verbs. And we heard an “et”
    sound at the end of each one. Let’s do nearly the same thing, using
    those same verbs, but this time it’ll go:

    Does

    Anton work…No, I work…

    –

    – –

    Not

    all he and she forms end with that “et” sound. It can be
    ит…

    …The

    ending can also be ёт…

    …but

    there’s always that ‘T’ at the end. So in this first exercise, you
    now need to choose between three
    possible subjects. Are we hearing the Я form
    of the verb, the Ты form, or the Он
    Она-He/She form. Let’s give it a try…

    –

    – –

    As

    for that word ‘магазин’ …think
    of the clip on a gun, which is called a magazine…it stores
    bullets. магазин
    = store

    So

    from all of that, the one phrase I want to be our official new word
    of the day is this: Я
    знаю.

    We’ve

    heard it quite a few times already in this episode, so let me give
    you a few chances to use it in context. Imagine you’re outside with
    some friends, and Sara slips away into a shoe store. Someone
    asks…Эй…Где
    Сара?

    Say:

    I know. She’s in the store.

    Maybe

    someone’s searching for the box of Halloween decorations you put in
    the basement last year. Where are they? someone asks. Где
    они?

    Say:

    I know. In the podval.

    If

    someone tells you something you already know, you can confirm without
    saying “ya.” Just…

    Да,

    знаю.

    Yeah,

    I know.

    It’s

    probably more common used in the negative.
    That is, saying: I don’t
    know. Imagine you’ve just woken up and your roommate is searching for
    something. He peeks in your room: Эй,
    где мой телефон?

    Shrug

    your shoulders and tell him: I don’t know.

    Я

    не знаю.

    It’s

    also a polite way of asking if they know something. For example, in
    English we might say, “Hey, you wouldn’t happen to know where my
    rucksack is?”

    In

    Russian, literally: You don’t know where my rucksack?

    Ты

    не знаешь где мой рюкзак?

    Try

    that again. Ask: You wouldn’t happen to know where my book is?

    Alright,

    so now…let’s try our all-Russian section. Someone will talk, and
    then you answer the Yes or No questions that follow. If you don’t
    know the answer, then say: I don’t know.

    NOTE:

    The Russian Immersion section has been deleted from this transcript.
    This is because the entire focus of this course is listening and
    understanding.

    <>

    Do you know what a cognate is? If you’re going through my Russian Made Easy podcast, or my Russian Accelerator course, then you’ve heard me talk a lot about cognates. Apologies for the repetition, but it’s such a key strategy to employ. Cognates are words that sound very similar between two languages and have the same meanings. Can you tell what these are?

    инженер

    буррито

    пикник

    фетучини

    интернет

    виски

    гараж

    Why

    are they so important? Well, when used properly, cognates let the
    student focus on the other things within an unfamiliar Russian
    phrase. You’re not stressing about the meaning…you already know it.
    Instead, you can target the word endings and spot the patterns…so
    you understand the word’s
    function in the sentence.

    Take

    that word ‘engineer’. (инженер) How
    is it being used in the following sentence?

    Я

    дал планы инженеру.

    I

    gave the plans to the engineer. Engineer has that recipient marker
    on the end..that U sound.

    Or

    this example with the word client: клиент

    Я

    сказала клиенту, что ты не знаешь его
    адресс.

    I

    told the client that you don’t know his address.

    But

    you have to use the right cognates. Because a lot of cognates—since
    they were borrowed from other languages–don’t follow standard
    Russian patterns. Their word endings often don’t change. That can
    lead to confusion. So in this course—in all my courses—I’m using
    plenty of cognates, but believe me, they are carefully chosen. Not so
    much a tip, I suppose, but an insider’s view into the making of an
    effective language course.

    <<

    end tip>>

    Next,

    let’s listen to clips from the Russian version of SAM & CAT..the
    show that made Ariana Grande famous. And I should add…like the
    Thunderman’s episodes we’ve listened to, I’m not cherry picking
    here. What I mean is, this is literally the first episode of SAM and
    CAT I came across. And yet there’s plenty here you can grasp. So in
    this episode, Sam and Cat learn that their friend is a bodyguard for
    their favorite rock star, Dell DeVille. Just listen and see what you
    can pick out…

    Мне
    не видно! (ВИД! there it is again)

    Да….Я
    не могу рассказать потому что это секрет.
    Серёзно! Я не могу говорить о работе.

    Новая
    работа?

    Кто
    тебе сказал что я работаю телохранителем?!

    Ты
    телохранитель?

    Кто
    тебе ДАЛ эту информацию?

    Ok,
    so…Cat has a blanket over her head, which is why she says…”Мне
    не видно.”

    Lit:
    “For me not visible.” In normal English: “I can’t
    see.” And of course, our core word from Episode 5 was there: вид

    So
    their goofy friend says, “I cant tell because it’s a secret.”

    “Seriously.
    I cant talk about work.”

    The

    kid says: “New job?”

    Goofball

    says: “Who told you that I work as a bodyguard?”

    “You’re

    a bodyguard?”

    “Who

    gave you this information?” ‘Giving’
    information counts as doing something to it, so эта
    информация changed to эту
    информацию

    So

    they learn he’s the bodyguard to Dell Deville. Listen…

    (kid)

    Ты работаешь на Делла-ДиВилла?

    (Cat)

    Я люблю Делла-ДиВилла!

    (Goomer)

    Нет. Я не могу этого сделать!

    There

    were three present tense verbs in there from today’s podcast.
    Listen again…

    So

    the kid said…You work for Dell DeVille?

    Then

    Cat says: I love Dell DeVille.

    And

    their friend says…No, I can’t do this.

    So

    they try to meet this Dell DeVille guy at his favorite Burrito stand
    and Cat is standing with a big balloon.
    Off of Sam’s annoyed glance, Cat explains,…

    Я

    люблю шарики.

    I

    love balloons…then she looks around and says….

    Стоп!

    А где Гумер?

    Stop!

    So, where’s Goomer?

    Then

    they show Goomer searching for the rock star guy. What does Goomer
    say?

    Дэл!

    Я купил тебе бурито!

    Dell!

    I bought for you a burrito!

    A

    series of misfortunes and the rock star ends up in their home. Sam
    comes out and sees this massive breakfast that Cat made. And Cat
    tells her…

    Смотри!

    Я сделала завтрак для Делла-ДиВилла.

    Я

    вижу.

    Remember,

    Я смотрел баскетбол? I was
    watching basketball? Well, смотри is
    the command form. So she’s telling her,
    Look!

    And

    what does Sam say?

    Я

    вижу. I see.

    Sam

    comes over to free Dell’s hand. They have him temporarily restrained.
    He asks…

    Что

    ты делаешь?

    What

    are you doing?

    She

    brought him coffee, but he insults her and so she leaves his hands
    locked…and the coffee just out of reach.

    Я….Я

    не могу дотянуться.

    He’s

    reaching as far as he can…I…I can’t дотянуться..I
    cant reach it.

    Listen

    to him as she walks away:

    нет

    нет нет стой стой стой…Я хочу латте!

    no

    no no….stay stay stay….I want a latte!

    I

    know, they all speak really fast in these clips, but that’s the
    point. I’m trying to get you used to hearing real speech, right from
    the beginning. So hang in there. As we progress, you’ll get more and
    more comfortable with the way native speakers really talk.

    –

    – –

    Before

    our final exam of this episode, let’s do a little speaking practice
    with words we’ve officially learned. Try to say…

    –

    – –

    Alright,

    enough pressure for today. Now just sit back and see if you can
    translate the gist of these phrases. Remember, if there’s a word you
    don’t know…no biggie. Just toss it into your translation.

    Like…Папа

    купил мне галстук. Just say….Dad bought for
    me a galstuk. Ready?

    –

    – –

    My email is Mark @ understandingspokenrussian com I hope to hear from you, and how you’re doing with all this. And in the meantime, I’ll see you in Podcast #9.

    36 min
  • Understanding Spoken Russian – Learn Russian Ep. 7

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    *

    NOTE *

    All

    phrases intended for translating/listening practice have been
    deleted.

    Welcome

    to Episode 7 of Understanding Spoken Russian. To
    start with today, Alex is going to ask me a question. Listen?

    –

    – –

    Depending

    on where you’re at in your studies, you might’ve understood all of
    that, or almost none of it. Either way, in today’s episode we’re
    going to discover a key pattern in there and put it to work for us.
    The sound I want to extract from that for now—the sound I want
    slipping deep into your subconscious—is: жив

    As

    that reverberates through your mind, let’s do some review. In these
    complex phrases, can you spot who did what to whom?

    –

    – –

    What

    was that little word we started the lesson with? жив.
    Let’s see if we can get it from context.

    In

    every action movie, there’s a scene where the hero gets badly hurt.
    His buddy pushes away the rubble, finds the guy, and asks him:

    Тони!

    Ты ещё жив?

    (dyin’)

    Да….

    What

    do you think he asked him? Tony, are you still alive? So жив
    translates as “alive” or “living.”

    It’s

    not all that common on its own, but it’s the root of one of the most
    common verbs in conversational Russian. Let’s listen again to the
    opening conversation, and translate as we go.

    Марк,

    где ты живёшь? – Mark, where do you live?

    Я

    живу в Киеве. – I
    live in Kiev.

    Полина,

    где ты живёшь? – Polina,
    where do you
    live?

    Я

    живу в Донецке. – I
    live in Donetsk.

    А

    ты, Алексей? Где ты
    живёшь? –
    And you,
    Alex? Where do you live?

    Я

    живу в Москве. –
    I live in Moscow.

    So,

    я живу translates as “I live.”

    ты

    живёшь translates as “You live.”

    Those

    are our new words for this lesson. We’ll work with them in a second,
    but here’s an important sidenote. In Russian, as in many languages,
    depending on who you’re speaking to
    there are different words you use to
    say the same thing. There are two
    categories that we put people in:

    Is

    the person someone you can speak friendly with, like a friend or
    family member?

    Or…Is

    it a person you need to speak politely with, like your boss, or any
    adult you don’t know.

    We’ll

    cover this in detail a bit later in the series, but the main point is
    that the same exact thought will be expressed two different ways. For
    ex:

    Let’s

    say I’m talking with my buddy: “Yo, dude what’s up? Hey, I
    wanted to ask..Где ты живёшь?”

    That

    was informal speech.

    Now

    I’m with my boss, who’s also bilingual. “Ahem, hello sir….I
    was wanting to ask: Где Вы живёте?”
    That’s the same exact question: “Where do you live?”
    But with different words.

    Another

    ex: To a friend who’s just gotten a new job, you might ask: “Where
    do you work?”

    Где

    ты работаешь?

    To

    a stranger on a train, you’d ask that same question like this: Где
    Вы работаете?

    Just

    know that for today, we’ll be speaking informally, as if to friends.
    Try to say…

    –

    – –

    And

    now try it with wherever you live. If you’re not sure how to
    pronounce your city in Russian, or whether you’re getting the ending
    right—because there are exceptions to that “yeh”
    ending—just go to the website, UnderstandingSpokenRussian.com and
    leave a comment at the bottom of Episode 7.

    So,

    in this first exercise, all I want you to do is tell me if the person
    is speaking in the present tense, or the past. If you can translate,
    great, but if not..just past or present. Ready?

    –

    – –

    Let’s

    add another verb into the mix. видишь

    Imagine

    you’re searching for your suitcase. Finally your roomate spots it and
    he says…

    Эй,

    видишь? Твой чемодан на балконе.

    Or

    he’s looking for his бумажник…

    Где

    мой бумажник?

    Видишь?

    Он на столе.

    Видишь?

    they ask, pointing. Do you see? ВИД-ишь…has
    our core word from Episode 5: вид

    But

    now we’re hearing it in the present tense. Listen to him say, Yes, I
    see.

    Да.

    Вижу.

    She

    would say it the same way…

    Да.

    Вижу.

    It’s

    only the past tense where the gender of the subject is reflected.
    Last one: смотришь

    You

    walk into the living room and your roomate Vadim is watching TV. The
    commercials are running, so you ask him…

    Вадим,

    что ты смотришь?

    Whenever

    I’m outside with my kids when they’re playing, they always want to
    know…

    Папа,

    ты смотришь?

    Dad,

    are you watching?

    So

    let’s do that same exercise from before, but include these other
    verbs…seeing and watching. Again, translate if you can, but
    otherwise just say: past or present.

    –

    – –

    Я

    работаю. Я живу. Я смотрю. Я вижу.

    When

    speaking in the present tense—about where they work,or where they
    live—a Russian speaker starts with “ya” (Я)
    and then uses a verb ending in an ‘U’ sound. It
    might be “У or Ю”
    but the ‘u’ sound is always there. There are so few exceptions to
    this, it’s scarcely worth noting.

    Ты

    работаешь. Ты живёшь. Ты смотришь. Ты
    видишь.

    Similarly,

    when speaking in the present tense about where you work, where
    you live, and so on—a Russian speaker starts with Ты
    and then uses a verb ending in an ‘ish’ sound. It might be ИШ
    ЕШ ЁШ but the “sh” sound is always there.
    Again, this is when “you” is a friend or a kid.

    So

    all I want to do here is spot these patterns. Just tell me if it’s
    you or I doing the action. And we’ll mix in some unfamiliar verbs.
    Ready?

    –

    – –

    In

    this next exercise, pretend you are the person speaking. He’ll start
    by saying his name. Literally: Me they-call Anton. Then he’ll talk a
    bit about himself. Just listen…

    NOTE:

    The episode’s Russian Immersion section has also been deleted from
    this transcript. Again, this is because the entire focus of this
    course is listening and understanding. People don’t (yet) come with
    subtitles.

    That

    one had some new words in it. What do you think this means?

    Ты

    читаешь журнал.

    You

    are reading a magazine.

    And

    this?

    Ты

    читаешь книгу.

    You

    are reading a book.

    Remember

    читал from Episode 5? Я
    прочитал рецепт…I read the recipe…

    So

    these are the present tense forms of that verb, “to read.”.
    Listen again…

    I’m

    reading a funny email

    Я

    читаю смешной имейл.

    Or

    simpler. Just: I am reading.

    Я

    читаю.

    Are

    you reading my blog?

    Ты

    читаешь мой блог?

    Try

    to translate these…

    <<

    tip of the day>>

    Even

    in a course like this, where the entire focus is on listening and
    getting the gist of what native speakers are saying, it’s still a
    good idea to do interactive exercises…the way we just did. I like
    it because it forces you to kind of sit straight and listen closely.
    Which is why we’ll be doing more of that in future lessons.

    The

    tip here is, if you’re using this course in conjunction with some
    other resource—you have to choose carefully. I remember back
    when I was first getting started in Russian, I looked for that kind
    of interactive listening stuff online and it was so frustrating.
    Because even when they spoke slowly, they weren’t using the vocab I’d
    learned. It made feel like I wasnt making progress. So what I did,
    believe it or not, was hire native speakers in my area—this was in
    Mesa, Arizona—and had them make up simple but realistic dialogs
    like that…and I recorded them. I basically created my own course
    material. That’s when my progress in Russian really started to
    accelerate…because the exercises were at just the right level.

    Which

    is why I added what I call my ‘Russian Immersion’ podcast to my
    online, Russian Accelerator course. There, each podcast episode uses
    only the vocabulary you’ve learned up to that point. So you’re
    suddenly having these long exchanges all in Russian and without that
    frustration of feeling lost. Like I said, if you’re supplementing,
    choose your resources carefully.

    <>

    So,

    let’s try one more interactive listening exercise. Again, just answer
    ДА or НЕТ…

    Bonus

    question here. Even if you dont understand, see if you can answer…

    Где

    я сижу?

    Ты

    сидишь на диване.

    Any

    guess on what that means? Ты сидишь на диване.

    You’re

    sitting on the couch.

    Next,

    let’s listen to some clips from Russian TV. Again, I’ll use that
    show, the Thundermans, about a family of superheros. This first
    snippet starts with “Конечно,
    милая,”…”of course, sweety.”

    Then

    what does the mother say?

    That

    was of course ridicuously fast. See if you can spot the two verbs.
    One in the present tense, then one in the past….

    She
    said: Конечно, милая. Я читаю
    твой блог. Видела мои комменты?

    Of

    course, dear. I read your blog. Did you see my
    comments?

    In

    this next one do you hear a Я verb or a
    Ты verb?

    Сейчас

    ты получишь…Now you’re gonna get
    it…Lit: Now you will receive

    This

    next one starts with the word Ты…Which
    is the informal you. Is the mother speaking in the past tense or
    present?

    Ты

    использовала свои супер-силы перед
    подругами…past

    Again..past

    tense or present?

    Как

    видишь… с этим мы и разбираемся

    As

    you see, we’re figuring this out…как
    видишь….present

    Quick

    break, and then our final exam….

    We

    dont know all the words, but can you translate the gist of these
    phrases?

    –

    – –

    Alright, great job, guys. If you’re starting to feel more confident and feel ready to try a conversational course along with this, I hope you’ll check out my Russian Made Easy podcast.

    And

    in the meantime, I’ll see you in the next lesson.

    37 min
  • Understanding Spoken Russian – Learn Russian Ep. 6

    Full Episode Audio

    Exercises Only Audio

    Download Full Episode (right click save-as)

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    *

    NOTE *

    All

    phrases intended for translating/listening practice have been
    deleted.

    Welcome

    to Episode 6 of Understanding Spoken Russian.

    (sound

    of crying girl) Because she was crying, I gave Sophia a doll.

    That’s

    an odd way to start the lesson. And yet, allow me to repeat that:
    Because she was crying, I gave Sophia a doll. Odder still, I’d
    like you to repeat that out loud. Say it with me: “Because she
    was crying, I gave Sophia a doll.”

    Ok,

    what is this guy up to? Well, hopefully you trust me by now. I
    promise, in a minute you’ll see why I had you repeat that sentence.
    But first, let’s review what we learned in Episode 5. Try to
    translate the following phrases, and explain what kind of verb was
    used…perfective or imperfective.

    –

    – –

    Alright,

    so…what was that phrase I had you repeat? “Because she was
    crying, I gave Sophia a doll.”

    Listen

    to this Russian word: дал

    A

    woman would pronounce it: дала

    What

    kind of word do you think it is? With those L endings, it’s probably
    a verb in the past tense, right? Let’s hear it in context: (cell
    phone ringing)…

    (Andrei)

    “Here Mommy, take your phone.”

    Андрюша

    дал Маме телефон.

    (sound

    of fork dropping to the floor) “Oh, I dropped my fork. Sophia,
    could you get me one from the kitchen?”

    “Yes,

    Daddy.”

    София

    дала Папе вилку.

    Both

    дал …and… дала
    translate as “gave”. And дал
    sounds a lot like the English word ‘doll’, doesn’t it? So that phrase
    I told you in the beginning…What was it again?

    Sophia

    was crying so I gave her a doll.
    That phrase should help you recall it.

    In

    Russian, giving something counts as doing something to the object.
    For ex:

    Я

    дал Антону футболку.

    I

    gave Anton a T-shirt. The word futbolka changed to futbolku, with
    that ‘u’ ending.

    Or

    this…

    Мама

    дала мне книгу.

    Mom

    gave me a book. Again, kniga (книга)
    changed to knigu (книгу).

    The

    verb to give is obviously very useful to know, which is why
    it’s our official new word of the lesson. But today’s real topic is
    what happened to the words Mama and Papa and Anton when they received
    those things. Listen again…

    Андрюша

    дал Маме телефон. –
    Mama became
    Mam-yeh

    София

    дала Папе вилку. – Papa became
    Pap-yeh

    Я

    дал Антону футболку. – Anton
    became Antonu

    Interesting.

    Let’s listen to some more examples. Can you translate these?

    –

    – –

    Let’s

    run through those again with the name Jeff. So he’ll start by saying,
    This is Jeff…

    Это

    Джеф. Я сказал Джефу нет. Я купил Джефу
    новый телефон. Я дал Джефу шанс.

    What

    do you think that ‘U’ sound at the end of Jeff’s name is signifying?
    Another way to ask that is: What does the ‘U’ sound tell the
    listener? That ‘u’ sound added to the end of a guy’s name is a
    recipient marker. It tells the listener that, in this case
    Jeff, is receiving something.

    So:

    Я сказал Джефу нет. …I
    said to Jeff no. Jeff was receiving the words.

    Я

    купил Джефу новый телефон. I bought for
    Jeff a new phone. Jeff was the recipient of a phone.

    Я

    дал Джефу шанс. I gave (to) Jeff a chance.
    Again, Jeff was the person who received the chance.

    For

    female names, the ending is “yeh”…same sound as the
    location marker. So let’s do a few more with the name Polina. So
    he’ll start by saying, This is Polina…

    Это

    Полина. Я сказал Полине нет. Я купил
    Полине новый телефон. Я дал Полине шанс.

    Polina

    changed to Polinyeh in each one because she was the recipient.

    This

    is a major chunk of Russian grammar right here. Think of how often we
    say things like,

    “I

    called her, I sent him an email, I sent her a text, I gave her the
    money, I told him I’d be there.”

    In

    each of those…I called, I sent, I gave, I told…there’s a
    recipient. If the recipient is guy, you’ll hear an U at the end of
    his name: Mark becomes Marku…John becomes Johnu. If it’s a woman,
    a ‘yeh’ sound. Yana becomes Yanyeh. Darina becomes Darinyeh.

    –

    – –

    (telephone

    ring)

    Алло?

    Привет, Папа. Хорошо, скажу. Урра! Папа
    позвонил. Он купил пиццу.

    What

    do you think this means: Папа позвонил.

    Do

    you hear the word “phone” in there, kind of?
    puh-zvon-EEL…zvon…phone?

    позвонил

    means called on the phone. And it’s the perfective
    form of the verb. No need to actively learn that one. You’ll use it a
    few million times, so it’ll sink in naturally. And we’ll be hearing
    it quite a few times in just a minute. But here’s the thing about
    this recipient ending: It allows Russian to use a more flexible word
    order than English.

    In

    English, you have to put the recipient right after the verb. For ex:
    I called Mom this afternoon.
    Mom comes
    right after called.

    I

    gave Chris the money. Chris comes right
    after gave.

    Yes,

    you could perhaps say: Chris I gave the
    money…but it’s awkward, and much less
    common. But in Russian, we’re more flexible. So tell me…Who called
    who?

    Марку

    позвонил Грег.

    Greg

    called Mark. Right? Mark had the recipient “u” ending. And
    Greg was in his basic form, meaning he did the action. Weird, isn’t
    it? And you might think, “C’mon…Do Russians really phrase it
    that way?” Absolutely. It all depends on the question that
    prompted the statement.

    If

    someone asks: Who did Greg call? Then ‘Mark’ would go at the end of
    the sentence:

    Кому

    Грег позвонил? Грег позвонил Марку.

    But

    if the question is: Who called Mark? Кто
    позвонил Марку? Then we’d use this one: Марку
    позвонил Грег. So it simply depends on the
    question. And I can’t help but point out the rhyme here:

    The

    question word: Whom…кому? Марку.
    …rhymes with the masculine answer. To whom? To Mark. Let’s
    do some more. Again, Who called who?

    –

    – –

    These

    recipient endings are used even when the verb is unspoken. Just this
    morning, Dedushka—our kid’s grandfather—was feeding the twins
    kasha (каша), which is porridge.
    William was being silly and insisting that Ded feed his toy dinosaur
    instead. As Ded pretended to feed a spoonful to the dinosaur and then
    to William, here is exactly what he said:

    Одну

    ложку динозаврику,
    одну Уильяму.

    Literally:

    One spoon to the little dinosaur, one to William.

    The

    words: динозаврик…and… Уильям
    …became…. динозаврику
    …and….Уильяму.

    because

    they were the recipients of the spoonfuls.

    Let’s

    translate other phrases like that, with no verbs in them. Just say
    who gets what, even if you’re not sure what the item is.

    –

    – –

    Listen

    to the masculine words client клиент and
    travel agent турагент

    Я

    сказал клиенту, что он должен позвонить
    турагенту.

    I

    said to the client, that he should call a travel agent.

    I

    said to the client…клиенту….he
    should call to the travel agent…турагенту

    Я

    сказал официантке, что нам нужна ещё
    одна ложка.

    I

    told the waitress that we need one more spoon.

    официантка

    with that basic ‘a’ ending, became
    официантке…with the recipient “yeh”
    ending because she was the recipient of what he said.

    Listen

    to this phrase: Is he your partner? (like…business partner)

    Он

    твой партнёр?

    Я

    дала все документы твоему партнёру.

    I

    gave all the documents to your partner. And notice that now the
    words “your” and “partner” rhyme. твоему
    партнёру

    Gotta

    love it.

    <<<

    Tip of the day…..>>>

    In

    the last podcast, the tip was how useful Google’s exact match
    function is, as well as its image search. Those are great because
    they don’t rely on the computer having to understand anything. It’s
    simply showing you what native speakers are doing. That’s great.
    What’s not so great is how computers themselves understand and
    translate language. During the 2019 Superbowl Google had an ad: We
    translate one billion words every day. Yeah, and about four hundred
    million of those translations are horribly mangled.

    The

    problem is, computers translate by statistical analysis. They simply
    do not understand language. At all. For one thing, they’re infamously
    bad with expressions. For ex: I feel like a milkshake.

    in

    American English, that means I feel like having a milkshake. Ok?
    Languages do that sometimes…they leave off words which are
    understood between native speakers. But poor Google just doesn’t get
    it. Here’s how it translates that… Я чувствую себя как
    молочный коктейль.

    ..which,

    to a Russian speaker, is like saying: I feel the way a milkshake
    feels.

    We

    can go the other way. A very common expression in Russian is to tell
    someone:

    Марк,

    ты даёшь.

    There’s

    a multitude of ways you might translate that, depending on the
    context, and what prompted the person to say that. But it’s an
    expression of comical exasperation. Like, Only you could be like
    that. Only you could do something like that.

    So,

    what’s Google’s gloriously translation? “Mark, you give.”

    I

    didn’t see that one in the Superbowl commercial.

    One

    more: “Dude, you’re driving me up a wall.”…comes out in
    Russian as…

    Чувак,

    ты ведешь меня вверх по стене.

    Instead

    of giving an equivalent expression in Russian—some version of
    ‘you’re making me crazy’, the computer goes word by word: Dude,
    you’re leading me by vehicle upwards along a wall.

    Do

    you think your Russian friend reading that is going to have the
    slightest clue what you mean?

    They

    also do terribly with slang. I talked to my buddy in the U.S. last
    night, and at one point he said, and I quote: “My new laptop has
    a bad-ass processor.” I couldn’t help myself. I typed it into
    Google translate. Now here’s the Russian version…

    People,

    the Russian word плохой is the word
    for terrible, horrible.

    It

    got the translation 100% wrong. The exact opposite of what he meant.
    This is a very important tip, okay? Please don’t rely on and don’t
    trust any computer translation. They’re just not there yet.

    <<<

    tip end >>>

    Let’s

    see if we remember our one new word from this lesson. Try to say…

    –

    – –

    When

    Svetlana was the recipient, did you say Svetlan-yeh? And when James
    was the recipient, did you say James-u? If so, you’re doing great.

    In

    this next exercise, all I want you to do is say who did what to whom.

    –

    – –

    Alright,

    let’s go on to our final exam…Can you translate the gist of these
    phrases? As always, if you don’t know a word, it’s no biggie. Just
    add it into your translation. Like for this…

    Маша

    дала Папе вилку.

    If

    you don’t recall what a veelka (вилка)
    is, just say: “Masha gave Dad a veelku (вилку)

    ….which

    happens to be a fork. Ok? No pressure. Just try your best.

    –

    – –

    Great

    job, guys. And on a sidenote..Have any of you noticed that every
    single phrase we’ve translated has been in the past tense? Dad
    bought, Mom gave, Alina called…Well, that’s about to change.
    And it’ll happen—present tense—in the next episode. See you
    there.

    Before

    we go, I gotta have a little more fun with Google translate. Here’s
    some Cardi B for you guys. Let’s run the lyrics through Google…

    So,

    Here’s how Google translated that into Japanese…

    Let’s

    translate those Japanese words into Danish…

    …and

    Danish back to English

    I

    put a stone in the clock. Google, I like it like that.

    34 min
  • Understanding Spoken Russian – Learn Russian Ep. 5

    Full Episode Audio

    Exercises Only Audio

    Download Full Episode (right click save-as)

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    *

    NOTE *

    All

    phrases intended for translating/listening practice have been
    deleted.

    Welcome

    to Episode #5 of Understanding Spoken Russian. If you’re new to the
    series, I recommend starting from the first episode, because the
    lessons are cumulative, and in each one I assume you’re comfortable
    with the material learned in all prior episodes.

    Let’s

    get to it. I’ll start by rattling off a few related words…View,
    vista, visual…вид

    Listen

    again: вид It translates as
    “view”..like, Our hotel room has a great вид…a
    great view.

    And

    it’s the root
    of our new word for this lesson. Listen? увидеть

    So

    I’d like you to connect that core sound—вид—to those three
    English words which also begin with a “V” sound. What were
    they again?

    Now,

    увидеть is the dictionary form of
    the verb, but we’ll be working with the past tense today.

    Here

    it is in context…

    He

    said: Yesterday I saw Grandma in the library.

    And

    she said: When I was in Hollywood, I saw Angelina Jolie.

    So,

    the verb увидеть translates as “to
    see.” And did you notice that Babushka and Angelina changed to
    Babushku (Бабушку)
    and Angelinu (Анджелину)
    because seeing them counts as doing something to them?

    How

    would you translate this?

    –

    – –

    What

    were those three English words that we want to connect to the word
    вид?

    They

    begin with a V sound…

    Alright,

    let’s review some of the key points from the last episode. How would
    you translate these phrases?

    –

    – –

    For

    today’s main topic, I want to talk about something called verb
    aspect. So, we’re going to hear phrases where the same action is
    described by seemingly different verbs. Listen and I’ll translate:

    Я

    купила сендвич.

    I

    bought a sandwich.

    Я

    покупала все эти сувениры в Лондоне,
    кроме этого магнита.

    I

    bought all these souvenirs in London, except for this magnet.

    Hmm.

    Both sentences translate as “I bought…” but she used
    different verbs. Я купила in the
    first, and я покупала in the
    second. Now why would she do that? Let’s listen to a simpler
    example…

    Я

    сказала <Нет.>

    That

    was: I said no.

    Мы

    говорили о музыке.

    We

    were talking about music.

    Here’s

    the Big Question: What’s the difference between I said…and I
    was talking?

    With

    “said” you get this sense of the whole thing. You said it,
    and you were done. But with talking…you envision this
    ongoing conversation. And in that first example: Я
    купила сендвич. Hearing that, a Russian person
    envisions the whole transaction. She stood in line, paid the guy, and
    walked away with her sandwich.

    But

    that other phrase: Я покупала все эти
    сувениры I bought all these souvenirs in London…
    There, we see her going from shop to shop, maybe over the course of a
    week…it’s about the process of her shopping.

    Books

    have been written exclusively on the topic of Russian verb aspect,
    but what’s nice is that, in this course, we don’t have to worry about
    the rules. We just want a general understanding. And for now, all I
    want to say is this:

    Verbs

    that we call perfective emphasize the result.

    Verbs

    we call imperfective emphasize the process.

    Take

    the idea of reading. Here are the two forms in the past tense
    Читал / прочитал

    See

    if you can determine which one emphasizes result, and which
    emphasizes process.

    Imagine

    you’re a creative writing teacher and you tell a student: Hey,
    Jimmy..I just прочитал your story
    and I thought it was excellent. I loved the ending.

    …versus….

    Last

    night I settled into my armchair and читал
    The Shining by Stephen King. I was so into it, I nearly jumped
    out of my chair when the phone rang.

    Я

    прочитал your whole story. There’s
    a result. We read it from start to finish.

    Я

    читал the book for a while…is about the
    process. He was reading it and then something happened. He clearly
    did not finish it. So…

    Я

    прочитал is perfective.

    Я

    читал is imperfective.

    With

    that verb pair, the difference between perfective and imperfective is
    pretty clear. But with other verbs, it’s less so. Like today’s verb
    увидеть. Do you think it’s the
    perfective or imperfective form? Listen…

    Today

    in the supermarket I saw your mom.

    Yesterday

    in the park I saw your dog.

    Those

    are perfective. They’re emphasizing that they saw your mom or saw
    your dog…and that’s pretty much it. Compare that with the
    imperfective…

    In

    the podval I was seeing only books and photographs. You get the sense
    that they were looking around for a while, probably trying to find
    something, but all they saw were books and pics. (The word was видела
    without that ‘u’ sound in front.)

    Again,

    verb aspect is a big deal when you’re trying to speak Russian.
    We work with it in great detail in my conversational Russian courses.
    It’s actually really interesting. But in this podcast, we just need
    to be aware that Russian uses two different verbs to convey these two
    aspects of any action. That’s my main objective here. Because I don’t
    want you saying,”Wait, why is he saying Прочитал?I
    thought the verb “to read” was читал.”

    Now

    you know. They’re two versions, two aspects, of the same verb.

    Next:

    Can you translate this brief exchange?

    –

    – –

    Now

    imagine you’re the teacher, and your student says…Hey, wait…I
    thought купил was the verb meaning “to
    buy.” Suddenly it’s покупал? What
    do you tell them?

    Hit

    pause and give it a shot.

    I’d

    tell them: Russian uses pairs of verbs to describe the same action.
    Купил means he bought the coffee and
    that’s that. Whereas покупала conveys
    the process of shopping—she was looking and buying some things and
    not buying others. The two forms are an aspectual pair, купил
    is the perfective form, emphasizing result. Покупал
    is the imperfective and emphasizes the process.

    Let’s

    look at another aspect pair. In earlier episodes we encountered the
    verb смотрел.

    Can

    you take a stab at translating it? Andrusha is supposed to be doing
    his homework, but when I listen at his door, it doesn’t seem like he
    is. (TV sounds, then door opens…and TV
    clicks off)

    Андрюша!

    Ты смотрел телевизор?

    He

    says…Нет, Папа. Книгу читал.

    So

    how would you translate: Ты смотрел
    телевизор?

    Were

    you watching television?

    Which

    form is that? Perfective or imperfective? The question was all about
    the process….about what Andrusha was doing. So it’s…imperfective.

    Compare

    that with this situation: I know my sister has been sitting in her
    room for over three hours. I hear this music, and her gentle
    weeping…then she comes out and explains…

    Я

    только что посмотрела <ТИТАНИК>.

    I

    just watched Titanic.

    Here,

    it’s clear she watched the whole thing. By choosing the perfective
    form, she’s emphasizing the result. In English we’d say, “Wow, I
    just watched Titanic.”

    On

    his birthday, Alex comes home just as his wife pulls a dessert from
    the oven. Can you translate their exchange?

    So

    he said…”Wow, crème brulee?” And she said…”Yes. I
    read the recipe in the magazine Cosmopolitan.”

    So

    we say recipe and in Russian it’s: рецепт.
    And we say magazine or journal, and Russian pronounces
    it: журнал

    But

    the real question is: Which verb aspect did she use? Listen again…

    прочитала

    is the perfective. She used that because she read the recipe,
    the entire thing,obviously, in the journal.

    <>

    Do

    you know how to use Google’s “exact match” function? If you
    put a search term in quotes, you’ll get results with that exact
    phrase. For fun, I just searched for exact matches of the Russian
    phrases “прочитала рецепт”…
    And читала рецепт.

    Remember,

    the difference is that читала translates
    as was reading. I searched because, you gotta figure прочитала
    would far outweigh читала. Right?
    I mean, how often would you say, I was reading a recipe in a
    magazine…versus, I read the recipe in a magazine. Sure
    enough…прочитала рецепт got
    over 20,000 matches…and читала a
    mere five thousand. Curious on how they used it, I read some of the
    results that contained читала. Here
    are two. Listen…?

    Я

    долго читала рецепт и список ингредиентов

    I,

    for a long time, was reading the recipe and the list of ingredients.
    The writer used читала because she’s
    emphasizing the process..she was reading it for a long time. This
    next phrase also stood out…

    Пока

    я читала рецепт, залила клавиатуру
    слюной.

    Пока

    which we think of as a friendly ‘Goodbye’ in Russian,
    literally translates as “for the time being” or “while.”
    So she said: “While I was reading the recipe, I drooled on the
    keyboard.”

    She

    had to use the imperfective читала…had
    to use it…because she was saying what happened during that process.

    Where’s

    the language tip in all this? Well, although computers are still
    pretty lousy at language, they’re still very useful tools. And that
    exact phrase match is one way I use my computer. Another tool I used
    to
    use a lot was Google’s image search. If you’re not sure of the
    difference between two concrete objects—for example a тягач
    and an
    эвакуатор—do
    a search of Google images, and you’ll see right away.

    I

    remember when I first read the word тягач
    and
    was confused, because one of my dictionaries defined it as a tow
    truck, which in the context of where I read it, didn’t make sense. So
    I did an image search of the word….bingo.. A тягач
    is
    the front part of an 18-wheeler…the truck part, with the engine. I
    was pretty sure a tow truck was an эвакуатор
    an
    “evacuator”…and again, a quick search on Google images
    brought up a hundred images of your classic tow truck. Long story
    short: The Google translate
    function is unreliable, but the image search is a very useful
    function.

    Let’s

    get back to it. How would you translate this…

    –

    – –

    And

    what aspect are those verbs?

    The

    perfective. We saw the person…and that’s about it.

    Next,

    let’s listen to a some clips in Russian. All I want you to do is
    listen for the past tense verb.

    She’s

    about to tell her viewers: “What I read in the month of June.”

    прочитала…is

    which verb form? Perfective. She’s saying she read all of them, start
    to finish.

    Next,

    this song…

    Я

    видела сон в котором она целует тебя

    I

    saw a dream in which she kisses you.

    That’s

    how Russians talk about dreams. In English we say ‘I had a
    dream’ in Russian, Я видел сон

    I

    saw a dream. And she chose the imperfective form, because it’s
    not important that she saw an entire dream…what’s important is what
    she saw during the dream. Compare that to this next
    one…

    Я

    увидела тебя во снах

    I

    saw you in my dreams.

    She

    uses the perfective to emphasize that she saw you, and not someone
    else.

    What’s

    this guy saying? It’s just three words. Listen again?

    He

    said: “I read a book.”

    Perfective,

    right?

    Compared

    to this next woman, he’s not exactly an over-achiever. Listen…

    Я

    прочитала 125 книг.

    I

    read—and finished reading—125 books. (during the past year)

    Last

    one…Listen to this kid…

    Короче

    говоря, посмотрел фильм ОНО.

    And

    a girl would say it like this…

    Короче

    говоря, посмотрела фильм.

    Alright,

    let’s go on to our final exam. Can you translate the gist of these
    phrases? Bonus points for shouting out the aspect of each verb.

    –

    – –

    How’d you do? Please let me know. Send an email to: mark @ understandingspokenrussian dot com

    In

    the meantime, I’ll see you in the next episode where—just by
    spotting a certain sound at the end of someone’s name—you can get
    the gist of the entire sentence. See you there! Пока!

    33 min
  • Understanding Spoken Russian – Learn Russian Ep. 4

    Full Episode Audio

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    *

    NOTE *

    All

    phrases intended for translating/listening practice have been
    deleted.

    Welcome

    to Episode #4 of Understanding Spoken Russian. Let’s jump right to
    our new word for today. мой
    We’ve
    heard versions of it in prior episodes, but today we’ll officially
    add it to our core vocabulary. Let’s look at it in context. If Sophia
    is eating popcorn, and you try to take it away from her, she’ll
    scream…

    If

    William is playing with his toy cars, just try taking one away from
    him!

    And

    if Andrei, our five yr old, is drinking milk…well, don’t take it
    from him, either. Or else…

    So

    the words мой
    моя моё…they’re
    all forms of the same word…and
    they all translate as My.

    Imagine

    Sophia has lost two of her toys. Her… динозаврик
    which is a “little dinosaur,” and her игрушка
    which is a toy. As she
    wanders the apartment looking for them, what do you think she’s
    saying?

    –

    – –

    Or

    maybe she’s lost some clothing. Her wool свитер
    and her short-sleeved футболка.

    Listen

    to those again. What are the genders?

    Okay,

    so… what’s Sophia saying here?

    –

    – –

    In

    Russian, the words for “my” and “your”—like,
    this is my salad, and that’s your salad—they’re
    adjectives. And because they’re adjectives, they, too, have to rhyme
    or “agree” with the noun.

    Granted,

    the masculine МОЙ doesn’t really rhyme
    with the nouns динозаврик свитер
    грейпфрут,

    but

    the other forms rhyme. Even
    the plural.

    So,

    we got МОЙ…Let’s
    see if we can guess what this
    word means: ТВОЙ

    Imagine

    William is sitting in front of a mound of toys and is sorting them
    into two piles as Sophia watches. Let’s stand in the doorway and
    listen…

    –

    – –

    So,

    what do you think твой and твоя
    mean? They’re forms of “your.” And notice how мой
    rhymes with твой…just as моя
    rhymes with твоя and моё
    with твоё

    Anyway,

    now Sophia will go through the two piles and confirm whose toy is
    whose. This time, try to translate what she says. And if you’re not
    sure what the toy is, just say something like:

    “And

    this is your…masculine noun.” Ready?

    –

    – –

    Although

    they have a lot of forms, these adjectives for my and
    your are so
    common, you won’t need to actively study them. They’ll sink in
    naturally with lots of exposure.

    So,

    how would you translate the following two phrases…

    –

    – –

    Easy

    enough, right? Now brace yourself. Here comes a massive grammar
    point. Listen to this…

    (monster

    movie scream) Now wait a second! I was positive that the word for
    guitar was гитара.

    Alexei,

    can you please say: This is my guitar.

    Это

    моя гитара.

    And

    I’m positive the word for car is just машина.
    Alex, how do you say: Is this your car?

    Это

    твоя машина?

    So

    what’s going on here? Well, as we already know, the ends of Russian
    words change depending on how they’re used. We know that from the
    very first lesson. Take the word парк (a
    park).

    If

    you’re headed towards it, it keeps its basic form. Я
    иду в парк. But if you’re located in the park, it has
    to change its ending: Я сейчас в парке.

    Well,

    in Russian, whenever you do something to a feminine noun, its “ah”
    ending changes to an “u” sound. I don’t normally request
    this, but would you mind repeating that point with me?

    In

    Russian, whenever you do something to a feminine noun, its ‘a’ ending
    changes to an ‘u’ sound.

    Listen

    as the speaker says: Anton bought a car.

    Buying

    something counts as ‘doing something’ to the car, and so it had to
    change its ending. Or this..

    Galina

    bought a guitar.

    Again,

    гитар has to change to гитару.
    And if you add “my” in there—Anton bought my car—the
    word моя has to change to rhyme with
    машину. Listen…Anton bought my
    car.

    Or

    this: Galina bought my guitar.

    In

    fact, all the adjectives that describe the object would
    change. And they’d all rhyme.

    Here.

    Listen….A “biblioteka” (библиотека)
    is a library. Think of the word bibliography, right?

    So

    she’ll say: This is our new, big, beautiful library.

    And

    now she’ll say: In the center I saw a new, big,
    beautiful library.

    Did

    you hear all those feminine adjectives rhyming with библиотеку?

    новую,

    большую, красивую

    So

    what else counts as “doing something” to a word? Taking
    it, putting it, seeing it, eating it, opening or closing it, throwing
    or catching it…the list goes on.

    Hey

    Alex, did you see the library? Listen to his response…

    He

    says Библиотека at first, because
    he’s just naming the place. But when he says that he saw
    it, “seeing something” counts as doing something to it. And
    so it changes to “biblioteku” (Библиотеку)

    This

    happens even to a person’s name. “Hey Alex, did you see Galina?”
    Listen to his response…

    So

    in our next exercise, all I want you to say is whether there’s a
    feminine noun that’s being acted upon in the phrase. You can tell by
    hearing the “u” sounding adjectives. Ready?

    –

    – –

    <>

    In

    today’s tip, I’d like to talk about an interesting parallel between
    learning to play a musical instrument, and learning to speak a
    foreign language. I have a lot of experience there, because—
    before I developed this passion for the Russian language—I taught
    guitar professionally for years.

    And

    from time to time I’d get a new student who wanted to learn to play a
    style of music that they’d barely listened to. “My Dad says I
    should learn classic rock,” the student would say.

    “Ok…”
    I pick up my guitar. “So, what are some of your favorite classic
    rock groups? Led Zeppelin? (Whole Lotta Love) AC/DC? (Highway to
    Hell) Boston? (Peace of Mind)

    And

    the guy shrugs. “I never really listened to classic rock.”

    Hmm.

    Ok. So, I’d give him homework: “Take some time—just for a
    little while—to listen to the style. Put your guitar away. Dont try
    to play any of it. Just listen and get a feel for the phrasing, the
    chord progressions, the keys and time signatures.”

    In

    the next lesson, we’d sit and I’d point out those things. “This
    is a pentatonic scale, which is the backbone of classic rock riffs.
    And this is call and response (demo) which is a fundamental part of
    how solos were constructed.” And so on. Those stylistic elements
    of rock music—of any style of music—are analogous to the
    vocabulary, the grammar and syntax of a language. Once you’ve heard
    them and are aware of them, it makes learning to play the style so
    much easier.

    After

    a few listening sessions, I’d put on a tune…say, the solo from Good
    Times Bad Times, and now he can hear it. “Oh, that’s just a
    pentatonic lick, right? Descending in triplets?” And bingo—now
    that he understands what he’s hearing, he can very quickly
    express it himself on the instrument. He’ll need to practice it,
    obviously, to get fluent, but it’s no longer foreign to him. It makes
    sense.

    Similarly,

    as you progress through these lessons, you’ll be hearing things with
    confidence. “Oh, that’s just the feminine ‘doing something’
    rule, right?” And like my guitar student, once you understand
    what you’re hearing, you’ll be able to quickly express similar
    concepts. Yes, you’ll need to practice to become fluent, but the
    grammar and syntax of Russian will no longer be foreign to you. The
    changing word endings won’t surprise you….you’ll expect them. Even
    predict them.

    That’s

    when learning to speak Russian becomes easy.

    <>

    Speaking

    of predicting, that’s what I’d like you to do in this next exercise.
    First the native speaker will say a word in its basic, dictionary
    form. Then, they’ll say a phrase that has that same word at the very
    end of it. I’ll hit pause just before
    that word, and you need
    to say just the ending of the word. For ex: It’s going to end with an
    “u” sound.

    And

    you know why. Because buying something counts as doing something to
    it. Ready?

    –

    – –

    An

    interesting sidenote: In English, when we talk about playing a
    musical instrument, sometimes we use the word “on” and
    sometimes we don’t. It depends, of course, on context. For ex: I play
    guitar. We don’t say “on”. But in a different context, I
    might say…”Oh, I played that solo on my Stratocaster.”
    Or, when introducing the members of your band…”On drums we
    have John Bonham. And on bass guitar, we have John Paul Jones.”

    In

    Russian, the idea of playing an instrument is always “on”…and
    so it takes that locational “yeh” ending. Listen…Mark is
    now playing guitar. ..or…Charlie Parker played the saxophone.

    In

    Russian we always play “on” an instrument. And yet….we
    play “towards” sports. And
    here’s why I believe Russian does this. When you play a musical
    instrument, you’re more or less sitting still. You’re in one
    location. Hence, the “yeh” ending. But in sports,
    you’re always moving somewhere. And movement towards something, we
    don’t add that “yeh” sound. Right? Я
    иду в парк. I’m going to the park. No “yeh”
    sound.

    –

    – –

    Imagine

    you’re showing someone photos of your family. I know I never ask you
    guys to say anything, but this is to quickly review our new words
    from today. So, as you point to a family photo, tell your Russian
    friend: My mom. My Dad.

    You

    see a photo on their wall. Point and ask: Your mom? Your dad?

    Alright…onto

    our exam for the day. Can you translate the gist of these phrases?
    And if you don’t know what a word is, just try your best anyway.

    Alright…see

    you in Episode 5!

    37 min
  • Understanding Spoken Russian – Learn Russian Ep. 3

    Full Episode Audio

    Exercises Only Audio

    Download Full Episode (right click save-as)

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    *

    NOTE *

    All

    phrases intended for translating/listening practice have been
    deleted.

    Welcome

    to Episode #3 of Understanding Spoken Russian. Let’s warm up by
    trying to name the gender of the words we hear—specifically
    the last word in each phrase. If you’re new
    to all this, you might be wondering…Wait, words have gender? And,
    yeah, they do. It’s pretty common in other languages, too. Anyway,
    here’s how it’ll work: If the last word ends with an “ah”
    sound, you’ll say feminine. Like this one….

    If

    it ends with an “oh”…or really, an “oh-uh”
    sound, say neuter:

    If

    it ends with a consonant, say masculine. Ready?

    – – – Exercise Omitted– – – keep in mind this is a listening course, so putting the answers here so they can be read, defeats the purpose. If you have done the exercises but are having trouble and / or would like to see how things are written, mention the issue you are having in the comments and I’ll either post a reply or e-mail them to you directly. —

    If

    you got most of those, you’ve got a good ear, and that’s going to
    serve you well. And getting back to this concept of gender, what’s
    really cool about Russian is—as we discovered in the last
    lesson—they apply it to verbs in the past tense. So, in this
    next exercise, tell me: Is the speaker talking about what a man did
    or what a woman did?

    –

    – –

    Hmm…Did

    you catch something odd about those last two? First we heard Саша
    купил…

    and

    now it’s Саша купила…with
    an “a” at the end. How can that be? Well, the name Sasha is
    a nickname for guys named Alexander, and
    for women named Alexandra. It’s like the name Pat. Pat can be a guy
    or a girl. And what’s interesting is, if we heard similar English
    phrases, we wouldn’t know if Pat was a man or woman. Pat bought a
    car. We don’t know who Pat is. But in Russian, you do. Tell me,
    in this next one, is Sasha a guy or a girl?

    купил…It’s

    a guy.

    And

    I’d like купить
    to be our new word of this lesson.

    To

    help you remember it, let’s imagine winning the lottery. What do we
    do first? Run out and buy a Mercedes Coupe. That sound…”coupe”
    (куп) is the
    root of the word.

    So

    let’s work with it a bit. Can you translate the following phrases?

    –

    – –

    (re:

    the last example) First of all, is Sasha a guy or a girl? Саша
    купил…It’s a guy.

    Next,

    what do you think вино is? As you
    probably guessed, it’s wine. And what’s the gender of that word? вино
    ends with an “oh-uh” sound, which makes it neuter.
    Next…

    Notice

    that, even though Papa ends with an “a”, the verb ending
    “tells the truth.” The verb купил
    was in its masculine form because Papa, despite the “a”
    ending, is obviously male.

    –

    – –

    Next,

    what I’d really like to show you today is the importance of rhyming
    in Russian. Important is an understatement, really. Rhyming is the
    core principle behind the grammar of the language. And it’s what
    makes the language so beautiful. In essence, Russian is set up to be
    one big poem.

    Here.

    Just listen. There’ll be two phrases. In the first one, our speaker
    will say: Wow, such a big and costly car.

    In

    the next: Wow, such a big and costly airplane.

    The

    English versions obviously don’t rhyme. But in Russian?

    They

    can call it “adjective noun agreement” if they want. But my
    two year old daughter Sophia? She knows the words are just rhyming.
    Listen and compare. In English we might say, The food is fast and
    tasty! In Russian?

    See

    how the adjectives быстрая and
    вкусная rhyme with еда?

    In

    English, we’d say: A new, two-story school. I mean, does that rhyme?
    It does in Russian.

    In

    English I might say: She’s a beautiful, smart dog. Does that rhyme?
    It does in Russian…

    I

    mean, it can be anything…The long, yellow pen.

    In

    Russian, the words for food, school, dog, pen, and thousands of
    others… they’re feminine.

    And

    so their adjectives have to rhyme with them. That’s why we had all
    those “ya” sounds…

    They’re

    rhyming with those feminine nouns.

    How

    does this help us? Again, let’s look at how my daughter Sophia
    processes Russian. We were taking a walk this morning and saw our
    neighbor’s new BMW. In English, I might’ve said, “Man, that
    car…I bet it’s pretty expensive.”

    Notice

    how ‘car’ and ‘expensive’ were separated from each other. To Sophia,
    it’s less clear that ‘expensive’ is describing the car. But if I’d
    mumbled the same thing in Russian…

    Here,

    Sophia’s ears perk up. Because дорогая
    rhymes with машина…So
    she knows that дорогая is
    describing the машина. Even though
    the words were separated from each other.

    So,

    in this exercise, see if you can spot the feminine noun and its
    adjective. For ex:

    Еда

    там в ресторане очень вкусная.

    Еда

    was the noun and вкусная was
    the adjective.

    For

    now, let’s not bother with the meaning. Just listen for the noun and
    its adjective…

    <>

    Today I’d like to answer a question I get from a lot of listeners, which is: How does this course differ from my Russian Made Easy podcast? And I think what they really want to know is: Is it okay to do both at the same time?

    The

    answer is: Absolutely. And as I’ve done before, let me use my
    kids as an analogy.

    I

    mentioned that during their first two years or so, our twins William
    and Sophia didn’t talk much. But once he approached his third
    birthday, William became all about communicating. Just like William,
    my Russian Made Easy podcast is totally focused on speaking the
    language. One thing William does constantly now, for example, is use
    constructions. If you haven’t heard the term, a construction is a
    phrase where you change out a word or two each time you repeat it,
    and they’re very powerful because they mold you into a fluent
    speaker. Here, listen to William using a construction in English…

    In

    Russian Made Easy we work a lot with constructions because I want you
    to be able to express yourself, quickly and fluently.

    This

    course, on the other hand, is more like William’s twin sister Sophia.
    She speaks a lot less than her brother but I think she understands
    things even better. If we’re watching, for example, Winnie the Pooh
    in Russian…

    …and

    I hit pause and ask…”Okay, guys…Кому
    он купил шарик? — who did Piglet buy the balloon
    for?” Sophia will correctly say, “Winnie the Pooh.”
    Meanwhile, William ignores the question and launches into a
    construction: Я купил шарик…и Мама
    купила шарик…и София купила шарик и
    Андрюша купил шарик. He’s saying, I bought a
    balloon, and Mama bought a balloon, and so on. I’m sure he
    knew the answer, too, but he’s so focused on communicating, it’s all
    he wants to do.

    I

    sometimes wish Sophia would speak a little more, but it’s okay.
    She’ll talk more when she feels comfortable. And therein lies today’s
    tip: Of course you can do both podcasts—they complement each other
    perfectly—but it’s okay to be like Sophia and stick with this
    course for a while, building up your ear and your confidence until
    you’re ready, like William to unleash your Russian on the world.

    <<

    end tip >>

    Next,

    let’s listen to some clips from youtube. Except for one, they’re all
    videos of women talking about what they bought, so we can listen for
    today’s new word. Here’s the first one. Can you spot where she
    bought these things?

    Listen

    again…it comes right at the end.

    She

    said: In this video I want to show you the things which I bought in
    second-hand.

    The

    key phrase was: купила в секонд-хенде

    Here’s

    another “shopper blogger” about to share what she bought…

    She,

    too, is saying…..what I bought in
    second-hand. Remember, the basic form of the word is just:

    секонд-хенд

    But

    she bought it in
    second-hand and so she has to add that locational “yeh”
    ending.

    Then

    she tugs at her T-shirt and says: I just understood, or “just
    realized” that I put on a white futbolka. Listen?

    A

    futbolka (футболка) is a T-shirt,
    by the way. And did you spot those two past tense verbs,
    поняла…and…надела?
    Listen one more time..

    This

    next lady will also tell us about…

    …about

    her purchases in second-hand. And there’s that куп
    again…покупка is a
    purchase. Something that you bought

    Then

    she gets down to business and busts out all her shopping bags…

    Now

    I’ll show you guys what I bought. Listen again…

    She

    says her viewers sometimes ask…

    She

    said: How in general one can go to second-hand, and how you can buy
    something there.

    Notice

    that, since she’s talking about GOING TO a second-hand store, it
    doesn’t get the “yeh” ending. And also notice our “COUP”
    sound in покупать…another form of
    the verb “to buy.”

    In

    this last clip, a woman is telling a reporter about making money
    online. Can you translate her first four words?

    She

    said: I was in shock…Я была в шоке

    The

    whole thing was: “I was in shock when I sold, for real money,
    that is, that which I said to the camera.”

    Three

    times she used the word “I”, followed by a past tense verb.

    Я

    была…Я продала…я сказала

    I

    was….I sold….I said….

    –

    – –

    Alright,

    here’s today’s final exam. Can you translate these phrases? Some of
    the words might be unfamiliar, but still…see if you can get the
    gist. And as always, if you hear a location without the “yeh”
    sound, we’ll assume the person is on their way there. Ready?

    –

    – –

    In the next lesson we’ll look at the forms of the word “my” in detail. And in the meantime, feel free to send me an email and let me know how you’re doing in this course. My email is mark (@) understandingspokenrussian (dot) com

    See

    you in lesson 4!

    32 min
  • Understanding Spoken Russian – Learn Russian Ep. 2

    Full Episode Audio

    Exercises Only Audio

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    *

    NOTE *

    All

    phrases intended for translating/listening practice have been
    deleted.

    Welcome

    to Lesson #2 of Understanding Spoken Russian. Let’s start today with
    a quick test on what we learned in the first lesson. Can you
    translate the gist of these phrases? What we’re after is the person’s
    name or the item’s name, the location, and whether they are in
    that place, or merely headed there. As before, if you hear a location
    without the “yeh” sound, we’ll assume the person is
    on their way there. Ready?

    – – – Exercise Omitted– – – keep in mind this is a listening course, so putting the answers here so they can be read, defeats the purpose. If you have done the exercises but are having trouble and / or would like to see how things are written, mention the issue you are having in the comments and I’ll either post a reply or e-mail them to you directly. —

    On

    to today’s lesson. Listen to the following phrases. Don’t try to echo
    the native speaker, and don’t try to translate. Just relax and let it
    sink in…

    What’d

    you hear? I heard a guy’s name, followed by a word that ended
    with an L. Listen again. We’ll chop off the last word in each of
    those…

    I

    wonder what kind of words those are: купил…смотрел…сказал

    Well,

    let’s think about English for a second. I’ll pull three phrases from
    some emails.

    Last

    night, Rick went to the Knicks game.

    Yesterday,

    Greg played a gig in Buffalo.

    Abbott

    bought another guitar.

    Rick

    went…Greg played….Abbott bought

    So

    we have a person’s name followed by what they did. In grammar terms,
    a subject followed by a past tense verb. Could Russian be doing the
    same thing? Well…yes.

    Those

    verbs— ходил играл купил—all
    end with the letter L (Л).

    Let’s

    listen to some more. These will all feature a guy who has done
    something….

    We’re

    not stressing about meaning. That’ll come just a little later. We’re
    doing something much more important here. We’re discovering the
    patterns of the language. And this is a very common and pretty simple
    one: With just a few exceptions—so few I can basically count
    them on one hand—Russian verbs end with an L when a guy did
    the action.

    As

    I’ll often ask you to do, I want you to file away that bit of info
    for a moment as I teach you our one new word for this lesson.
    Listen…

    работал

    I

    wonder if you can pick it up from context. Listen…

    When

    he was younger, my brother was a bag boy in the Safeway grocery
    store.

    If

    he could speak Russian, he’d tell you…

    So,

    работал translates
    as “worked,” or “used to work,” or even, “was
    working.”

    And

    it is said of a guy. There’s a feminine version which we’ll learn in
    the next lesson.

    To

    hep you recall it, think of the English word robot.
    работа. Because rabota is actually a
    Czech word which translates as ‘forced labor.’ (The German word
    arbeit, which also means ‘work’ was derived from robota, too.)
    Anyway, you want to make that connection. A robot was made to do
    work….and работа is the Russian
    word for work or for a job.

    But

    again работал with an L at the end
    translates as “was working.”

    So,

    listen as Sergei tells you all the places he’s worked…

    Listen

    as Polina tells you where her Papa worked…

    –

    – –

    Let’s

    listen to sentences with other verbs. I wonder if you can translate
    them.

    For

    ex: On the morning of the Super Bowl, my Russian roommate came home
    with a friend of his, and they were carrying a huge cardboard box
    that had SAMSUNG written on it. He smiled and said…

    They

    mount it on the wall, and now Polina calls to invite her friends
    over, telling them…

    Sergei

    bought a television. We heard that “ил”
    sound at the end of the word, so we know it’s a statement about what
    he did. Maybe instead he bought a telephone…

    The

    next day Sergei comes back to the apartment. He’s wearing cleats and
    shinpads, he’s got grass stains all over. He’s got his Lionel Messi
    jersey on. And he explains…

    When

    Polina comes over and sees his dirty cleats by the door, she asks me:

    играл…that

    L tells us she’s asking about the past…about what Sergei wasdoing.
    Maybe
    instead he was playing baseball.

    That

    evening I come into the kitchen, he’s in front of the chopping board,
    there’s bits of carrots and celery and onion, and there’s a pot
    bubbling on the stove. He explains…

    Then,

    when Polina’s mom offers to bring over some food, Polina tells her…

    Sergei

    cooked soup. приготовил…the L
    tells us…what?

    That

    it was in the past.

    Maybe

    instead he cooked spaghetti…or a salad…or borscht.

    Remember,

    I don’t want you bothering to repeat these or memorize them. We’re
    just listening, and seeing if we understand. One more. I see a friend
    in Starbucks. He’s sitting with his laptop open, and headphones on.
    Seeing me, he politely shuts his computer and takes off his
    headphones, explaining…

    I

    was watching a video on youtube. And notice that you-tube becomes na
    youtube-yeh (на ю-тубе),
    with that “yeh” at the end, because that was the location
    of the video…you-tube was where he was watching it.

    <>

    In

    the first episode of this course, I made a point about not
    repeating after the native speakers.

    For

    today’s tip, I want to explain the reasoning behind that. The issue
    is, if you always listen with the intent of mimicking the
    speaker, all your attention becomes focused on the physical side,
    trying to get your mouth to make those sounds, and so you miss a
    thousand little details which all point to the meaning of
    what’s being said.

    Again,

    think of little kids. My two youngest—William and his twin sister
    Sophia…they didn’t say a word their first two years of life. But
    believe me, they were listening and paying attention. And by doing
    that, they noticed how the ends of words change in Russian depending
    on how they’re used.

    We

    saw one example of that in the first lesson, right? Words like the
    park, or a divan, or New York…if someone’s just talking about them,
    they keep their basic ending. New York is big. We’re going to the
    park. But if someone is located there, the end changes. We’re
    in the park-eyh, Daddy’s in New Yorkyeh, and so on.

    The

    patterns of how words change are actually pretty straightforward and
    very consistent…but you have to be listening for them. And that’s
    why—jut when you’re doing this particular course—I ask you to not
    repeat after the speaker. The only exception to that is when we learn
    our one new word for the lesson. That one you can practice a
    bit. So that word где
    from the first lesson, and работал
    from today. But other than that, just relax…but listen
    close.

    <>

    For

    fun, I’m going to play some really tough clips, now, that I pulled
    from Russian videos on youtube. These are just guys making video
    blogs. In this first one, can you spot our new word from today? The
    guy speaks blazingly fast, so we’ll listen a few times…

    I’ll

    play it again. He said: They’ve been asking me for a long time to
    talk about how I was working in МТС is
    the largest mobile phone company in Russia.

    In

    this next one, can you spot a past tense verb?

    Here’s

    that same guy—he’s a personal driver in Moscow. Do you hear another
    word ending with an ‘L’? He said: While the boss is working out, I
    also headed out for a stroll. I also headed out.

    One

    more guy. He’s talking about the American TV shows that he watches.

    It

    was the very last word. Listen again…

    He

    said: The first two seasons there were really awesome, the third was
    weaker but I watched it.

    Then

    he talks about the fifth season of the show, it’s called Homeland.
    Listen for two words ending with “—ал”

    He’s

    talking about the fifth season…”I was waiting for it, when it
    will come out, I missed it.”

    In

    each of those, we have a guy talking about himself…about what he
    did. Past tense.

    So,

    just for now, at this stage, what you want to be listening for is—a
    if the subject is a guy—listen for words ending with an L. Because
    once you start catching that, it’s a lot easier to fill in the
    meaning. That’s the whole point of this course. So, here are some
    more…

    –

    – –

    Question:

    What do you think the most common verb is in English? It’s… To be.
    I am, he is, you are. What’s interesting about Russian is, they
    don’t use “to be” in the present tense. They skip it.
    They literally put a dash in its place. But they do use it in the
    past tense. And like in English, it’s surely the most common past
    tense verb.

    We’re

    going to listen to a lot examples of use, but I’m not officially
    asking you to learn it. I think, because it’s so common, you’ll just
    pick it up naturally. Listen…

    He

    said: I was in the restroom. I was in the podval. I was in the
    sport-zall (gym).

    Let’s

    say he was gone a whole week. Then you finally see him again on
    Monday. He explains…

    I

    was in London. I was in Stuttgart. I was in Detroit.

    Do

    you notice our two grammar points coming together? A guy’s past tense
    verb ending in an L sound, and then our location marker from the
    first lesson.

    How

    about these next ones…Can you translate them?

    –

    – –

    Before

    getting to our final exam, let’s do some really easy listening. As
    you listen to each phrase, just tell me whether you heard a past
    tense verb about a guy, or not.

    –

    – –

    Alright,

    here’s your final exam for this episode. Can you translate the gist
    of these phrases?

    –

    – –

    Alright,

    see you in episode #3, where we learn the female version of today’s
    verbs, plus we discover the role that rhyming plays in Russian. Once
    you see it, it makes everything so much easier. I’ll see you there!

    28 min
  • Understanding Spoken Russian – Learn Russian Ep. 1

    Full Episode Audio

    Exercises Only Audio

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    * NOTE *
    All phrases intended for translating/listening practice have been deleted.

    Hey

    guys, welcome to my new course, Understanding Spoken Russian. If
    you’re having trouble understanding fluent Russian speech, you’ve
    come to the right place. Maybe you’re new to the language and you’re
    curious what your Russian friends around you are saying. Or maybe
    you’ve been studying for a while and can speak ok, but you find
    listening to Russian frustrating, especially when they talk so fast.
    Either way, in this course we’re going to unlock the mysteries
    of spoken Russian.

    And I have to say, I’m really excited about this one. It fits perfectly with my Russian Made Easy podcast because it takes the opposite approach. In that course, as you build up a big vocabulary, we do a whole lot of speaking. You’re always repeating after the native speakers, and translating English phrases into Russian. And that’s great. That’s what a conversational Russian course should do.

    But

    not here. This podcast is all about listening and
    understanding. The beautiful thing about that, as you’ll see, is that
    it takes the pressure off you. I wont ask you to memorize anything,
    and yet, all the same, you’ll find yourself slowly but surely
    understanding spoken Russian.

    And

    I have a whole lot of experience with that. I’ve been living in
    Russia and now Ukraine for over ten years. My wife Darina and I have
    three kids under the age of five, who we’re raising to be
    tri-lingual—each of them speak English, Russian and Ukrainian. And
    having carefully observed their language acquisition these past few
    years, I’ve gotten fresh insight into how they’re doing it.

    How

    these little kids come to understand language so quickly. I
    understand the process, now…

    a

    process you and I can exploit…right here, in these lessons.

    So

    let’s get started.

    Imagine

    you’re hanging out with some Russian friends and one of them, Yuri,
    is searching frantically for something. Listen as Polina asks him
    which places he’s looked already…

    Don’t

    worry about echoing what they say. We will do tons of speaking
    in my other courses. I just want you to relax and listen. So…Polina
    asks Yuri about other spots he may have searched. Listen?

    Do

    you hear the “yeh” sound at the end of those words?

    Here’s

    some more, in a different context. This time, Sergei is telling the
    places where he’s worked over the years. Listen….

    Polina

    laughs and adds…

    That

    “yeh” sound at the end of all those places is a location
    marker. It tells Russians that someone or something is located
    in or on that place. Because, in their simplest forms, those
    words don’t end with “yeh.” In their simple,
    dictionary form, they are машина…чемодан…комната…Нью
    Йорк Бостон and so on.

    Here’s

    the key point:

    A

    “yeh” sound at the end of a word—often, but not
    always–marks it as a location.

    File

    that away for a moment and listen to this next bit. We’re going to
    hear the word Где…and
    I want us to figure out what it might mean. So, Yuri is a musician,
    and just before a gig he’s in a panic, running around the apartment
    looking for something…

    Later

    you’re in a shopping mall with Yulia and her little boy Andrusha. And
    suddenly she turns around and the kid is gone. In a panic she asks…

    What

    do you think Где means?

    Где

    translates as Where?
    It’s our one new word for the lesson. And notice the beautiful
    symmetry: Где is asking about a location
    and thus it, too, ends with that “yeh” sound. It’s just one
    example of the incredible importance that rhyming plays in the
    Russian language.

    Now

    here’s our first exercise. Imagine Polina is on her smartphone,
    connecting with her friends who are located all over the place. Yuri,
    who’s sitting with you on the couch, asks her where each friend is.
    Can you translate what they’re saying?

    – – – Exercise Omitted – – – keep in mind this is a listening course, so putting the answers here so they can be read, defeats the purpose. If you have done the exercises but are having trouble and / or would like to see how things are written, mention the issue you are having in the comments and I’ll either post a reply or e-mail them to you directly. —

    Of

    course, since they were located in those places, the words had
    that “yeh” sound at the end.

    Remember

    our musician friend who was in a panic, looking for his instruments?
    Listen to these more complex replies and again, see if you can spot
    the word with the “yeh” ending…

    – – –

    The

    location can be pretty much anywhere or anything. Imagine
    someone’s asking what’s in the soup they’re eating…

    Soup

    is acting as a location, so it needs that “yeh” sound added
    on. By the way, that “F” sound before the word (в
    супе) translates as “in”…as
    long as there’s that yeh sound at the end. Same with the “V”
    sound. (В багажнике) There’s the
    “yeh” sound at the end, so the “V” translates as
    “in.”

    Same

    with “Na” (На стадионе).
    We have “yeh” at the end, so the “Na” must mean
    “inside.”

    Let’s

    work with a few more locations. There’s a popular grocery chain here
    in Ukraine called Новус. So who is in
    Новус right now? Listen…

    Hear

    the “yeh” ending? Новус becomes
    В Новусе because he’s located
    there.

    Эпицентр

    is another big chain. It’s a copy of
    Lowe’s in the U.S. Who is in Epicenter
    right now?

    The

    Hermitage museum in St. Petersburg is the highlight of any visit to
    that incredible city. (Эрмитаж)
    So, who’s in the Hermitage at
    the moment?

    You

    might be wondering, why is he making such a big deal about that “yeh”
    ending? I’m sure I’d get the meaning even if I didnt hear it.

    No.

    You wouldn’t. Because, for example, Линда
    идёт В Старбакс…without the yeh at the end, has
    a very different meaning. It means the person is NOT there at all,
    but only on their way. So, being able to spot that “yeh”
    ending is crucial.

    In

    these next ones, in fact, that’s all I want
    you to do: Tell me whether you heard the “yeh” locational
    ending.

    –

    – –

    The

    “yeh” ending has to be added even to the end of people’s
    names…if they’re acting as a location. For example: Let’s say Uncle
    Igor has lost his spiders. Everyone’s searching the apartment for
    them. Suddenly, Polina sees one and she screams…

    See?

    Marvin became На Марвине!

    Bart

    became…На Барте!

    Olga…На

    Ольге!

    Mama

    became…На Маме!

    <>

    Two

    tips, actually, in this maiden episode of the course. The first is,
    whenever you learn something—someone’s name at a party, some new
    words in Russian—you need to take a short break and think about
    something else. That will be the function of these language tips in
    each episode, to get you thinking about something different. Why?
    Because a minute later, when I ask you to recall what we learned,
    that gap—this gap—allows your brain to make that first
    pathway back to the new information…back to the person’s name, or
    the new words, or whatever you just learned. That gap is a key part
    of developing your memory.

    The

    other tip is this: When you’re just starting out in a new language,
    believe it or not the meaning of most words is irrelevant.
    Take my two year old son, William. The other day I asked my
    father-in-law where he put our rocking chair that no one was ever
    really using. He told me it’s…в
    подвале.

    Now,

    I know that William doesn’t know where that is. He’s never been down
    there. But now he knows that the podval is a location. …the
    ‘F’ sound in front and the “yeh” at the end tell him that.
    And he knows a little more than that, actually. Because he knows
    that, in Russian, “pod” (под) means under or
    beneath. We’re always telling him, “William, your toy is
    под столом—under the table—or
    под холодильником—under
    the fridge. So if I asked him, “William, is the podval up or
    down?” he would correctly point downwards. But he has no image
    of the place in his mind.

    Instead,

    his brain categorizes the word podval as: A place below us where
    we store big things that we no longer use. You could say he gets
    the gist of the word. The precise meaning isn’t important to him. Not
    yet. But the word is in there, and nicely set up as a location. All
    he needs is for Daddy or Grandpa to bring him down to the podval one
    day, and then he’ll finally know what it is.

    You

    might be thinking, Why not just tell us anyway? What’s the harm?
    Well, for one thing, a basement in an American single-family home is
    a very different place than the podval in a Russian apartment
    building. So the image you’d form in your mind would be way off. But
    the real reason is, for most words, in the earliest stages of your
    studies, the meaning is an unnecessary burden. Instead, just for a
    little while, let’s be like William. Free to listen for the various
    language markers, and be happy—just at first—with getting the
    gist of what was said.

    <<

    END TIP>>

    Let’s

    get back to it. This time, let’s see if you can spot our locational
    ending in this song clip. Just listen for now, and then I’ll go
    through it with you, and help you find it. Tell
    me, where does the woman wish she lived? Listen again…

    Did

    you hear на Манхеттене?
    Remember, the basic form of the
    word is just: Манхеттен

    How

    about in this TV clip…

    Tell

    me, where can someone buy bananas? Listen…

    How

    about this: Where is our old divan?

    Where

    can someone buy a good divan? Listen…

    Next,

    you’ll hear a location used in two phrases. In the first one, someone
    will talk about going there. So we won’t hear
    the “yeh” sound. In the next one, they’ll say they are
    located there. Just listen for the endings…

    –

    – –

    Alright,

    final exercise. Can you translate the gist of these phrases? If you
    hear a location without the “yeh” sound, we’ll assume the
    person is on their way there. Okay? Ready?

    –

    – –

    How’d

    you do? If you got most of those right, you’re off to an excellent
    start. Think about it: You’re already able to understand the gist of
    a variety of common phrases, and yet we really only learned one word:
    Где?

    …And

    one hugely important idea: That “yeh” often marks a
    word as being a location.

    Alright,

    see you in lesson #2, where we figure out why so many Russian words
    end with an L.

    What

    do all those L’s mean? See you in the next lesson.

    30 min

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