Are Americans not working hard enough? Jeb Bush told the New Hampshire Union Leader, "Workforce participation has to rise from its all-time modern lows. It means that people need to work longer hours and through their productivity gain more income for their families." We call in Adam Davidson to explain how economists understand our historic lows in workforce participation. He's a contributor to the New York Times Magazine and a founder of NPR's Planet Money. Also, Adam Davidson is hosting a new podcast with Adam McKay called Awesome Boring. Here's a teaser. For the Spiel, the warning signs along the road to Billy Joel Boulevard. Join Slate Plus! Members get bonus segments, exclusive member-only podcasts, and more. Sign up for a free trial today at slate.com/gistplus.

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices