Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock'n'Roll

We’re kicking off something new at Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock’n’Roll (BFRR): the Digital Money Interview Series—powered by our podcast partner etonec (and transparency: Jonas also works with etonec). About once a month, we’ll sit down with builders and operators who’ve shipped financial products at scale—less hype, more hard-won lessons.

For the inaugural episode, Jonas is joined by new guest host Jonathan Knoll (ex Sun Microsystems, PayPal, and one of the early hires at the Libra Association). Together, they unpack why the “Libra era” still matters, how it acted as a catalyst for regulation and institutional focus, and why stablecoins have entered a critical “scaling phase” where trust, governance, and real customer needs matter more than clever tech.

Then we go deep on a different kind of stable asset: gold-backed tokens. Our guest is Kurt Hemecker, CEO behind DGLD (and CEO of Gold Token SA, a wholly owned subsidiary of MKS PAMP). We explore:

• Why tokenize gold at all—and what problems it solves vs. physical gold and ETFs

If you care about tokenization, stablecoins, and the future of monetary infrastructure—this one’s for you. Subscribe, leave a review, and follow BFRR on LinkedIn and YouTube for future guests worldwide.

LinkedIn Jonas Gross

LinkedIn Jonathan Knoll

LinkedIn Kurt Hemecker

X account Kurt Hemecker

etonec Website

[DGLD Product Website](https://dgld.com/

Official DGLD X Account)[[https://x.com/DGLD_Official]

Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock'n'Roll Website

Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock'n'Roll Telegram Channel

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Disclaimer: The content of this podcast reflects the private opinions of the hosts, serves exclusively for general information purposes and does not constitute investment advice. Always remember: Do your own research - inform yourself before making any investment decisions, such as buying Bitcoin. First try to understand what Bitcoin is and how to store it. This podcast does not provide financial advice. Note that the co-hosts might be invested in crypto assets. Read more on our website: Click here

All links marked with "*" are affiliate links. If you use these links for purchase, the podcast receives a small share of the revenue without any additional costs to you. On the contrary, affiliate links often include discount promotions, so you can even save money. We would appreciate it if you use these links to support us. Thank you very much!

In our first episode of 2026, the full Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock’n’Roll (BFRR) team—Michael, Jonas, Manu and a returning Alex—sets the year’s agenda and locks in bold, measurable predictions for what’s next in digital money, digital assets and institutional blockchain.

We start with the “internal outlook”: how BFRR will level up in 2026, supported by our partners Zühlke (and guest host Stefan) and Etonec, adding a stronger European + US lens (including future guest host Jonathan Knoll). The theme is “more doing, less talking.” On the slate: stablecoin adoption and payments, digital-euro policy guardrails as EU regulation enters a decisive phase, tokenized deposits and multi-bank platforms (Partior, Agorá, Swift Ledger), the evolving DLT Pilot Regime, ECB projects Pontes & Appia, tokenization of funds and crypto funds, Bitcoin vs quantum risk, Ethereum valuation (and gas economics), and the IT-architecture questions CTOs face when TradFi meets decentralized rails.

Then we go “external”: eight predictions you can score—and a lively debate on whether stablecoin volume is truly “payments” or still mostly crypto settlement.

Finally: Bitcoin price bets for end-2026—Manu $160k, Alex $150k, Michael $145k (with $65k low / $180k high), Jonas $180k—and a closing thesis: 2026 might be a “boring” year where builders win.

Shownotes

LinkedIn Jonas Gross

LinkedIn Manuel Klein

LinkedIn Alexander Bechtel

LinkedIn Michael Blaschke

Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock'n'Roll Website

Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock'n'Roll Telegram Channel

Relai*: Buy Bitcoin with Relai – you can do a one-time purchase or savings plan: Click here. Use the referral code "ROCK" to reduce transaction fees by 0.1% while supporting Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock'n'Roll.

Value4Value Podcast Streaming: Support our podcast by listening to our episodes on the Fountain Podcast App. This way, if you wish, you can support us "Value4Value" while listening to the podcast. You can find us on the Fountain Podcast App here: Click here

Disclaimer: The content of this podcast reflects the private opinions of the hosts, serves exclusively for general information purposes and does not constitute investment advice. Always remember: Do your own research - inform yourself before making any investment decisions, such as buying Bitcoin. First try to understand what Bitcoin is and how to store it. This podcast does not provide financial advice. Note that the co-hosts might be invested in crypto assets. Read more on our website: Click here

All links marked with "*" are affiliate links. If you use these links for purchase, the podcast receives a small share of the revenue without any additional costs to you. On the contrary, affiliate links often include discount promotions, so you can even save money. We would appreciate it if you use these links to support us. Thank you very much!

Close out 2025 with BFRR’s final news episode of the year—a fast-paced, institution-focused tour through what might be the most consequential month yet for blockchain in finance. Host Michael Blaschke is joined by Ivica Aračić and Atakan Kavukluto to unpack December’s biggest developments across markets, regulation, stablecoins, and tokenization—and to zoom out on what 2025 really meant for institutional adoption.

We start with a market pulse (recorded on December 22): crypto closes the year strong, with the total market rebounding to roughly $3.8T, Bitcoin hovering around $90k, and stablecoins hitting new scale—with Tether and Circle together surpassing $260B. But the real story isn’t price. It’s infrastructure.

Ivica breaks down major European policy momentum, including updates to the EU’s DLT Pilot Regime aimed at expanding eligible instruments, raising caps, reducing friction for smaller participants, and strengthening long-term certainty. The episode also tackles the digital euro’s political reality: the ECB pushes for legislative progress, while coordination challenges across parliaments, banks, and incentives remain the hard part.

Michael then dives into the “stablecoin year” thesis: regulated clarity meets real-world rollout. From SoFi USD as a bank-issued stablecoin in the US, to a major European bank consortium targeting a EUR stablecoin, to payment giants integrating stablecoins at scale—PayPal’s PYUSD moving into AI infrastructure financing, YouTube enabling creator payouts in PYUSD, Intuit embedding USDC across finance workflows, and Visa expanding USDC settlement (including on Solana).

Atakan rounds out the month with tokenization and TradFi integration: landmark pilots like JP Morgan arranging commercial paper on Solana, tokenized money market funds (JP Morgan and Amundi on Ethereum), and the early hints of tokenized equities distribution via crypto platforms and messaging-first experiences.

The episode ends with a sharp 2025 wrap: stablecoins as the bridge between old rails and new networks, regulatory maturation finally arriving, and a growing tilt toward public blockchain infrastructure—plus reading recommendations (BIS Project Rialto, an IMF stablecoin primer, and Christian Catalini on the “trillion-dollar battle” for money’s operating system).

BFRR Episode #290 on "Das sind die Alternativen zum digitalen Euro" with Peter Bofinger

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Value4Value Podcast Streaming: Support our podcast by listening to our episodes on the Fountain Podcast App. This way, if you wish, you can support us "Value4Value" while listening to the podcast. You can find us on the Fountain Podcast App here: Click here

Disclaimer: The content of this podcast reflects the private opinions of the hosts, serves exclusively for general information purposes and does not constitute investment advice. Always remember: Do your own research - inform yourself before making any investment decisions, such as buying Bitcoin. First try to understand what Bitcoin is and how to store it. This podcast does not provide financial advice. Note that the co-hosts might be invested in crypto assets. Read more on our website: Click here

All links marked with "*" are affiliate links. If you use these links for purchase, the podcast receives a small share of the revenue without any additional costs to you. On the contrary, affiliate links often include discount promotions, so you can even save money. We would appreciate it if you use these links to support us. Thank you very much!

BFRR closes out 2025 the only way it knows how: with bold calls, honest scorekeeping, and a few friendly jabs along the way. In this annual review episode, co-hosts Jonas, Michael, and Manuel look back on a year that felt like a turning point for digital money — not because the debates got quieter, but because they got more real: regulation hardened, institutions leaned in, and “stablecoin” became the word nobody in finance could avoid.

First, we show some gratitude. 2025 was the podcast’s first full year in English, and the payoff shows: listeners in 50+ countries, a fast-growing community (including our highly active Telegram group), and a noticeable jump in LinkedIn reach. We also pull back the curtain on the work behind the scenes — from post-production to website support — and thank partners like Zühlke for helping professionalize what’s still, at its core, a passion project built outside full-time jobs.

Then it’s time for the internal scoreboard: the top episodes by downloads, including conversations on stablecoins, Siemens’ blockchain journey, and — the runaway #1 — the team’s own predictions episode that everyone came back to audit.

And yes: the audit gets spicy. The hosts revisit their 2025 predictions with a simple rule: if it was right, it earns a beer. If it wasn’t, there is no beer for you.

Beyond the scorekeeping, the bigger theme emerges: 2025 was “the stablecoin year,” but also the year the industry matured — clearer rules, more institutional rails, more productization, and a sharper focus on what actually ships versus what only gets announced. The episode wraps with personal highlights, community shout-outs, and a clear message heading into 2026: stay curious, keep the feedback coming, and help spread Europe’s perspective on digital currencies to the world.

Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock'n'Roll Website

Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock'n'Roll Telegram Channel

Relai*: Buy Bitcoin with Relai – you can do a one-time purchase or savings plan: Click here. Use the referral code "ROCK" to reduce transaction fees by 0.1% while supporting Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock'n'Roll.

Value4Value Podcast Streaming: Support our podcast by listening to our episodes on the Fountain Podcast App. This way, if you wish, you can support us "Value4Value" while listening to the podcast. You can find us on the Fountain Podcast App here: Click here

Disclaimer: The content of this podcast reflects the private opinions of the hosts, serves exclusively for general information purposes and does not constitute investment advice. Always remember: Do your own research - inform yourself before making any investment decisions, such as buying Bitcoin. First try to understand what Bitcoin is and how to store it. This podcast does not provide financial advice. Note that the co-hosts might be invested in crypto assets. Read more on our website: Click here

All links marked with "*" are affiliate links. If you use these links for purchase, the podcast receives a small share of the revenue without any additional costs to you. On the contrary, affiliate links often include discount promotions, so you can even save money. We would appreciate it if you use these links to support us. Thank you very much!

In this episode of Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock’n’Roll (BFRR), hosts Jonas Gross and Stefan Grasmann sit down with Dr. Alexandra Hachmeister, Director General for the Digital Euro at Deutsche Bundesbank, for a wide-ranging and candid conversation about the future of money in Europe. Drawing on more than two decades at Deutsche Börse and her transition into central banking, Hachmeister offers rare insight into how public institutions think about digitizing sovereign money in an increasingly fragmented and geopolitically charged payments landscape.

The discussion explores why the digital euro is not simply a technical upgrade, but a strategic response to Europe’s growing dependence on non-European payment infrastructures. From Visa and Mastercard to Big Tech wallets, much of Europe’s daily payment traffic runs on rails outside European control. Hachmeister explains how the digital euro is designed to strengthen monetary sovereignty while preserving the role of commercial banks, protecting privacy, and offering citizens a cash-like public alternative in the digital world.

Beyond retail payments, the conversation dives into usability, merchant acceptance, offline functionality, and the complex challenge of rolling out a pan-European payment system across 20 countries. The hosts and their guest also address common misconceptions: the digital euro is not about crowding out private innovation, abolishing cash, or competing head-on with existing payment solutions, but about building resilient public infrastructure that others can build upon.

In the second half of the episode, the focus widens to stablecoins, tokenized deposits, and corporate payments. Why are USD-denominated stablecoins advancing so quickly? Why has Europe struggled to create a compelling euro stablecoin ecosystem? And how do central banks view the potential risks and opportunities these new forms of money bring for financial stability, cross-border payments, and bank balance sheets?

This episode offers a nuanced, behind-the-scenes look at how Europe’s monetary future is being shaped—balancing innovation, sovereignty, market realities, and public purpose at a time when the definition of money itself is evolving.

Shownotes

LinkedIn Jonas Gross

LinkedIn Stefan Grasmann

Website Digital Euro Bundesbank

Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock'n'Roll Website

Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock'n'Roll Telegram Channel

Relai*: Buy Bitcoin with Relai – you can do a one-time purchase or savings plan: Click here. Use the referral code "ROCK" to reduce transaction fees by 0.1% while supporting Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock'n'Roll.

Value4Value Podcast Streaming: Support our podcast by listening to our episodes on the Fountain Podcast App. This way, if you wish, you can support us "Value4Value" while listening to the podcast. You can find us on the Fountain Podcast App here: Click here

Disclaimer: The content of this podcast reflects the private opinions of the hosts, serves exclusively for general information purposes and does not constitute investment advice. Always remember: Do your own research - inform yourself before making any investment decisions, such as buying Bitcoin. First try to understand what Bitcoin is and how to store it. This podcast does not provide financial advice. Note that the co-hosts might be invested in crypto assets. Read more on our website: Click here

All links marked with "*" are affiliate links. If you use these links for purchase, the podcast receives a small share of the revenue without any additional costs to you. On the contrary, affiliate links often include discount promotions, so you can even save money. We would appreciate it if you use these links to support us. Thank you very much!

In this episode of Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock’n’Roll, we dive deep into one of the least discussed but most existential challenges for Europe’s crypto industry: the ongoing debanking of crypto SMEs — and the emerging regulatory twist that could upend the market again in 2026.

Host Michael Blaschke is joined by Stefan and Marcus Mølleskov, Chief Risk & Compliance Officer and Co-Founder of Januar, a Danish payment institution built to solve exactly this problem. Marcus shares his unusual journey from quantitative finance into crypto compliance and explains how a chance encounter with the early Chainalysis team shaped Januar’s founding vision: bringing trust, transparency, and proper financial infrastructure to an industry long treated as “too risky” by banks.

We explore why crypto companies across Europe still struggle to open something as simple as a corporate bank account — and how Januar created a full-stack payment and custody platform that bridges traditional finance with digital assets. Marcus also unpacks a regulatory curveball few CASPs have fully grasped: according to recent EBA guidance, from March 1, 2026, stablecoins legally qualify as funds. This means any CASP offering stablecoin services must hold a PSD2 license or work with a partner who has one — or face fines. Overnight, Januar’s dual licensing path turned into a critical lifeline for the industry.

Looking ahead, Marcus explains why stablecoins, not speculation, will drive the next evolution of blockchain: enabling instant global settlement, powering tokenized financial assets, and reducing trillions locked in traditional settlement rails. Instead of issuing yet another stablecoin, Januar is positioning itself as the integration layer connecting Europe’s rapidly fragmenting stablecoin landscape.

If you want to understand the real bottlenecks for crypto adoption in Europe — and how regulation, payments infrastructure, and tokenization are converging — this episode is for you.

Marcus Mølleskov, CRCO at Januar, on LinkedIn

Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock'n'Roll Telegram Channel

Relai*: Buy Bitcoin with Relai – you can do a one-time purchase or savings plan: Click here. Use the referral code "ROCK" to reduce transaction fees by 0.1% while supporting Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock'n'Roll.

Value4Value Podcast Streaming: Support our podcast by listening to our episodes on the Fountain Podcast App. This way, if you wish, you can support us "Value4Value" while listening to the podcast. You can find us on the Fountain Podcast App here: Click here

Disclaimer: The content of this podcast reflects the private opinions of the hosts, serves exclusively for general information purposes and does not constitute investment advice. Always remember: Do your own research - inform yourself before making any investment decisions, such as buying Bitcoin. First try to understand what Bitcoin is and how to store it. This podcast does not provide financial advice. Note that the co-hosts might be invested in crypto assets. Read more on our website: Click here

All links marked with "*" are affiliate links. If you use these links for purchase, the podcast receives a small share of the revenue without any additional costs to you. On the contrary, affiliate links often include discount promotions, so you can even save money. We would appreciate it if you use these links to support us. Thank you very much!

In this new BFRR News episode, Jonas Groß and Manuel look back at a turbulent November across digital assets, stablecoins, tokenized deposits and CBDCs. They’re joined for the first time by Atakan Kavuklu, project manager at AllUnity, who brings hands-on insights from one of Europe’s most prominent stablecoin initiatives.

November delivered heavy market volatility, with a 15% crypto market drop and extreme fear readings, yet also remarkable institutional breakthroughs. The Czech National Bank revealed a pilot Bitcoin portfolio as part of a broader digital-asset readiness strategy. Harvard University quietly tripled its Bitcoin exposure, while questions resurfaced about MicroStrategy’s long-term resilience during downturns.

On the infrastructure side, Clearstream launched its D7 DLT platform, Swiat received its BaFin license as a crypto securities registrar, and the Basel Committee signaled it may soften punitive capital rules for banks holding crypto assets—potentially a milestone for regulated adoption.

Stablecoins again dominated headlines: Visa and Mastercard rolled out stablecoin payout pilots; Western Union launched a USD-backed token on Solana; Klarna introduced its own stablecoin on Tempo; and Swiss payments giant TWINT started exploring a CHF stablecoin. The team breaks down why payouts, remittances and retail rails could become catalysts for real-world stablecoin usage.

JP Morgan accelerated the race in tokenized deposits with the live launch of its JPM Coin infrastructure on Base and new interoperability steps with USDC. Citi also expanded its token services and deepened collaboration with Coinbase.

Finally, the hosts unpack the European Parliament’s draft report on the digital euro, including the surprising push to prioritize the offline CBDC, new governance ideas, and looming questions for private-sector payment schemes such as Vero.

A packed episode full of market insights, policy shifts and infrastructure updates—perfect for anyone navigating the future of digital money.

Digital Euro Draft Report from European Parliament](https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegistreWeb/search/simpleSearchHome.htm?relations=NUPE%23%23778.136&sortAndOrder=DATEDOCUDESC))

Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock'n'Roll Telegram Channel

Relai*: Buy Bitcoin with Relai – you can do a one-time purchase or savings plan: Click here. Use the referral code "ROCK" to reduce transaction fees by 0.1% while supporting Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock'n'Roll.

Value4Value Podcast Streaming: Support our podcast by listening to our episodes on the Fountain Podcast App. This way, if you wish, you can support us "Value4Value" while listening to the podcast. You can find us on the Fountain Podcast App here: Click here

Disclaimer: The content of this podcast reflects the private opinions of the hosts, serves exclusively for general information purposes and does not constitute investment advice. Always remember: Do your own research - inform yourself before making any investment decisions, such as buying Bitcoin. First try to understand what Bitcoin is and how to store it. This podcast does not provide financial advice. Note that the co-hosts might be invested in crypto assets. Read more on our website: Click here

All links marked with "*" are affiliate links. If you use these links for purchase, the podcast receives a small share of the revenue without any additional costs to you. On the contrary, affiliate links often include discount promotions, so you can even save money. We would appreciate it if you use these links to support us. Thank you very much!

In this episode of Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock’n’Roll, co-host Michael Blaschke sits down with Dr. Harald Rauter, Chief Growth Officer at 21Energy and board member of the European Bitcoin & Energy Association, to explore how Bitcoin mining could become critical energy infrastructure in Europe.

Against the backdrop of Europe’s competitiveness and energy crises, Harald explains why 20–40 TWh of curtailed renewable power each year is not just an energy problem but a monetary one. He walks through the economics of stranded electricity, how grid constraints destroy CAPEX and erode industrial competitiveness, and why flexible loads like Bitcoin mining can turn wasted megawatts into revenue, grid stability and, ultimately, energy sovereignty.

Michael and Harald dive into a distinctly European model of mining: modular containers co-located with wind and solar assets, Bitcoin space heaters in homes and businesses, and architectures that stack multiple income streams—from monetizing curtailed power and providing grid-balancing and reserve services to reusing heat. They contrast this with the era of hyperscale industrial farms in North America and argue that the future of mining is smaller, smarter and deeply integrated into local energy systems.

The conversation also unpacks Europe’s surprisingly favorable regulatory landscape—from MiCA to key energy and market directives—and why the real bottleneck is no longer law but awareness and institutional courage. Drawing on work across 37 countries, Harald makes a clear case: Bitcoin mining is not outside the energy system; it is part of it.

For energy companies, financial institutions and policymakers, this episode offers a concrete roadmap to rethinking Bitcoin mining as an infrastructure tool for Europe’s energy transition.

Harald Rauter, Chief Growth Officer at 21energy, on LinkedIn

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Value4Value Podcast Streaming: Support our podcast by listening to our episodes on the Fountain Podcast App. This way, if you wish, you can support us "Value4Value" while listening to the podcast. You can find us on the Fountain Podcast App here: Click here

Disclaimer: The content of this podcast reflects the private opinions of the hosts, serves exclusively for general information purposes and does not constitute investment advice. Always remember: Do your own research - inform yourself before making any investment decisions, such as buying Bitcoin. First try to understand what Bitcoin is and how to store it. This podcast does not provide financial advice. Note that the co-hosts might be invested in crypto assets. Read more on our website: Click here

All links marked with "*" are affiliate links. If you use these links for purchase, the podcast receives a small share of the revenue without any additional costs to you. On the contrary, affiliate links often include discount promotions, so you can even save money. We would appreciate it if you use these links to support us. Thank you very much!

In this episode of BFRR – Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock ’n’ Roll, host Jonas Groß welcomes Floris Lugt and Jan Lebbe, Co-Heads Digital Assets at ING Wholesale Banking and representatives of a new euro stablecoin initiative formed by nine major European banks.

The conversation traces ING’s blockchain journey from 2016 experimentation to today’s focused digital asset strategy. Floris explains how early work in trade finance, collateral and payments consortia revealed a clear gap: while assets are moving on-chain, a trusted, interoperable euro cash leg is still missing. That realization, combined with rising client demand, led to the idea of a joint bank-issued stablecoin, rather than each bank building its own siloed solution.

Jonas, Floris and Jan discuss why, despite the crowded market, they believe there is room—and a need—for another euro stablecoin: not as a speculative asset, but as regulated payment infrastructure backed by established banks, their compliance frameworks and massive client networks. They outline their vision of a neutral e-money institution based in the Netherlands, supervised by the Dutch central bank, focused solely on issuing the stablecoin, while banks and regulated providers build client-facing products and use cases on top.

Use cases range from crypto trading and DeFi liquidity to cross-border payments, treasury, settlement of tokenized securities and real-world assets, and programmable payments. The trio also explore the coexistence of stablecoins, tokenized deposits and CBDCs, and the ongoing debate between permissioned and permissionless blockchains, including the role of privacy and zero-knowledge technology.

Looking ahead to 2030, Floris and Jan expect stablecoins to be a mainstream yet almost invisible layer of financial infrastructure—quietly enabling new forms of value transfer while existing payment rails like SEPA continue to thrive alongside them.

LinkedIn Jan Lebbe

LinkedIn Floris Lugt

Press release on the joint stablecoin project

Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock'n'Roll Website

Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock'n'Roll Telegram Channel

Relai*: Buy Bitcoin with Relai – you can do a one-time purchase or savings plan: Click here. Use the referral code "ROCK" to reduce transaction fees by 0.1% while supporting Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock'n'Roll.

Value4Value Podcast Streaming: Support our podcast by listening to our episodes on the Fountain Podcast App. This way, if you wish, you can support us "Value4Value" while listening to the podcast. You can find us on the Fountain Podcast App here: Click here

Disclaimer: The content of this podcast reflects the private opinions of the hosts, serves exclusively for general information purposes and does not constitute investment advice. Always remember: Do your own research - inform yourself before making any investment decisions, such as buying Bitcoin. First try to understand what Bitcoin is and how to store it. This podcast does not provide financial advice. Note that the co-hosts might be invested in crypto assets. Read more on our website: Click here

All links marked with "*" are affiliate links. If you use these links for purchase, the podcast receives a small share of the revenue without any additional costs to you. On the contrary, affiliate links often include discount promotions, so you can even save money. We would appreciate it if you use these links to support us. Thank you very much!

In this episode of Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock’n’Roll, we take you inside the organizational blueprint of the world’s most influential stablecoin issuers.

Co-host Michael Blaschke is joined by Thomas Cowan, Head of Tokenization at Galaxy Digital, whose background spans Paxos, PayPal’s stablecoin infrastructure, and CBDC projects at Ripple and the Boston Fed. Together, they dissect how stablecoin businesses are truly built — far beyond the blockchain layer.

While markets obsess over market cap rankings and regulatory headlines, this conversation goes deeper:

What distinguishes a financial enterprise from a mere tech project in the stablecoin world?

How do business models, applications, data architectures, and technology stacks interact to create institutional-grade resilience?

Why does trust, not code alone, determine which stablecoin becomes “the on-chain dollar” the world actually uses?

Thomas and Michael map out a four-layer framework — from business model to infrastructure — showing how design choices cascade through every layer of a stablecoin issuer. They explore the new competitive landscape shaped by MiCA, the Genius Act, and institutional demand, and they outline three emerging archetypes: white-label platforms, payment rails, and on-chain shadow banks.

If you want to understand how the next generation of digital money infrastructure will be architected, operated, and trusted, this episode is a must-listen.

👉 Listen now and explore detailed show notes at bfrr.com

Shownotes

Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock'n'Roll Telegram Channel

Relai*: Buy Bitcoin with Relai – you can do a one-time purchase or savings plan: Click here. Use the referral code "ROCK" to reduce transaction fees by 0.1% while supporting Bitcoin, Fiat & Rock'n'Roll.

Value4Value Podcast Streaming: Support our podcast by listening to our episodes on the Fountain Podcast App. This way, if you wish, you can support us "Value4Value" while listening to the podcast. You can find us on the Fountain Podcast App here: Click here

Disclaimer: The content of this podcast reflects the private opinions of the hosts, serves exclusively for general information purposes and does not constitute investment advice. Always remember: Do your own research - inform yourself before making any investment decisions, such as buying Bitcoin. First try to understand what Bitcoin is and how to store it. This podcast does not provide financial advice. Note that the co-hosts might be invested in crypto assets. Read more on our website: Click here

All links marked with "*" are affiliate links. If you use these links for purchase, the podcast receives a small share of the revenue without any additional costs to you. On the contrary, affiliate links often include discount promotions, so you can even save money. We would appreciate it if you use these links to support us. Thank you very much!