Company Interviews

Interview with Philippe Cloutier, President & CEO of Cartier Resources Inc.

Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/cartier-resources-tsxvecr-unlocking-15km-gold-corridor-in-quebec-4682

Recording date: 3rd June 2025

Cartier Resources (TSXV:ECR) has emerged as a compelling Quebec gold exploration opportunity following a strategic transformation that has positioned the company for what management believes could be a breakthrough 18-month period. Led by President and CEO Philippe Cloutier, the junior explorer has evolved from a multi-asset company into a focused, well-funded operation with a singular mission: proving the existence of a new gold mining camp.

The company's flagship Cadillac project spans a 20-kilometer stretch along the highly prospective Cadillac fault, a geological structure that has historically produced over 100 million ounces of gold. Located just 30 minutes from Val-d'Or, the project places Cartier among established operations from major producers including Agnico Eagle and Eldorado, providing validation of the district's geological potential.

Perhaps most significantly, Cartier has secured Agnico Eagle as a 27% shareholder, creating a strategic partnership that provides technical expertise while maintaining operational independence. "They have three mills to feed," Cloutier noted, highlighting natural synergies that could emerge from successful exploration. The partnership offers Cartier access to world-class guidance while providing Agnico Eagle exposure to potential discoveries in their operating district.

The centerpiece of Cartier's strategy is an ambitious 100,000-meter diamond drilling program launching in August 2025. This 18-month campaign represents almost as much drilling as the company completed over the past decade, utilizing artificial intelligence-generated targets alongside traditional exploration methods. The program aims to expand the company's existing 2.3 million ounce resource estimate while establishing the "center of gravity" of the gold camp.

With $12 million in funding providing full coverage for the drilling program, Cartier enters this critical phase well-positioned to execute its comprehensive exploration strategy. The company exemplifies the current disconnect between junior exploration fundamentals and market valuations, potentially creating opportunities for investors willing to participate in systematic camp-scale discovery efforts in one of Canada's premier mining jurisdictions.

View Cartier Resources' company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/cartier-resources-inc

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Interview with Jon Deluce, Founder & CEO of Abitibi Metals Corp.

Recording date: 3rd June 2025

Abitibi Metals Corp (CSE:AMQ) presents a compelling copper development opportunity through its control of Quebec's B26 deposit, a substantial resource that recently entered public markets for the first time after two decades of government development. The company's combination of asset scale, jurisdictional advantages, and patient capital positioning addresses key investor priorities in the current copper market environment.

*Asset Quality and Scale*
The B26 deposit represents one of Canada's larger undeveloped copper resources, with 18.5 million tons grading 2.18% copper equivalent. Located in Quebec's established mining region, the asset benefits from strong metallurgical characteristics including 98% copper recovery and 90% gold recovery rates. Significant gold credits in inferred resources enhance overall project economics while expanding potential acquirer interest beyond traditional copper companies.

The deposit's technical profile ranks in the top 10% of VMS opportunities globally according to management, with a 1.6-kilometer continuous strike length open in both directions. This expansion potential distinguishes B26 from typical junior-developed assets, as systematic exploration has been limited during its government development phase.

*Financial Strength and Deal Structure*
Abitibi maintains exceptional financial positioning with $18.4 million cash funding operations through Q1 2027, eliminating near-term dilution pressure. Abitibi Metals completed and confirmed in collaboration with its partner SOQUEM that all requirements to earn a 50% interest in the B26 Polymetallic deposit have been successfully fulfilled. The company has completed over $10 million of its $14.5 million work commitment to progress 80% ownership of B26 ahead of schedule.  

This partnership structure provides both government backing and clear pathways to 100% ownership while aligning with Quebec's economic development objectives. The province's mining-friendly regulatory environment and established infrastructure reduce development risk compared to more remote or jurisdictionally challenging locations.

*Operational Development and Strategy*
CEO Jon Deluce brings relevant industry experience including operational exposure with Kirkland Lake Gold and Barrick, while recent executive additions from O3 Mining and Agnico Eagle strengthen the team's development credentials. The company has transitioned from contractor reliance to full-time operational capabilities, addressing previous execution challenges that impacted market performance.

Abitibi's immediate drilling program targets 400-1,000 meter depths using directional techniques to optimize cost efficiency while testing both near-term economic zones and longer-term expansion potential.

Investors Outlook
The company's current valuation at approximately half its cash position suggests significant disconnect between asset quality and market recognition. Management is pursuing multiple value catalysts including engineering studies to demonstrate economic viability, aggressive resource and  expansion drilling.

Quebec's advantages as a tier-one jurisdiction become increasingly valuable as supply chain security concerns drive premiums for politically stable copper sources. With limited comparable opportunities in the Canadian market and growing institutional interest in copper-gold assets, Abitibi's combination of resource scale, financial strength, and jurisdictional security positions the company favorably for revaluation as operational catalysts unfold through 2025.

View Abitibi Metals' company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/abitibi-metals

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Interview with Jonathan Egilo, President & CEO of AXO Copper Corp.

Recording date: 30th May 2025

Executive Summary for Investors
AXO Copper presents a compelling investment opportunity in the high-grade copper space, combining proven mineralization with near-term development potential. The company is set to list , following successful completion of its IPO process, positioning investors to participate in a systematic resource definition program at the La Huerta Copper Project in Jalisco, Mexico.

Production-Proven Asset Base
Unlike typical exploration stories, AXO's flagship project comes with established production history that significantly reduces geological and metallurgical risk. Locals successfully operated the deposit for three to four years using a 250-ton-per-day sulfide flotation plant, consistently mining ore grading 4-5% copper. This operational track record provides crucial validation of both ore continuity and processing characteristics that most junior companies lack during early development phases. President and CEO Jonathan Egilo emphasized this advantage: "They've effectively done a three or four year what I would consider like a bulk sample derisking process for us. And the next step is to see like what it should be kind of restarted up."

Exceptional Grade Profile and Geological Potential
AXO's drilling program has confirmed the high-grade nature of the deposit with impressive intercepts including 9.4m grading 4.4% copper, with a subsection of 3.2m grading 21.4% copper. The mineralization extends across a 5-kilometer strike length, with drilling to date reaching only 200 meters below surface. The geological system consists of steeply-dipping copper sulfide dykes with high-grade cores of 3-6 meters surrounded by alteration halos, creating opportunities for both high-grade and bulk tonnage scenarios.

The company has traced mineralization for 5 kilometers along surface, yet the family's original operation covered only 200 meters of strike length and extended just 40-50 meters depth. This limited exploitation of a much larger system presents significant expansion potential for systematic exploration.

Strategic Acquisition and Capital Structure
AXO secured roughly $9.5 million in 2023 which funded the first drill program, plus 5 million shares over five years with no ongoing royalties. This royalty-free structure enhances project economics by allowing AXO to capture full production value without perpetual payments. The company has raised more capital through pre-IPO financing rounds providing adequate financing for the planned 15,000-meter drilling program.

Systematic Exploration Strategy
The upcoming drill program allocates 70% of 15,000 meters to a priority 1.5-kilometer zone, focusing on strike extension and depth testing to 350-400 meters below surface. The systematic approach targets resource definition while testing the hypothesis that current workings represent only the upper portion of a larger copper system. Regional targets provide additional upside potential with surface copper expressions grading up to 6% in different geological settings.

Infrastructure and Development Advantages
Located within 7 kilometers of ArcelorMittal's major iron ore operation, the project benefits from established infrastructure, skilled labor, and supply chains. Access requires only 1.5 hours from Manzanillo port via paved highways, providing connectivity to Pacific shipping and Mexico's industrial centers.

Management's development strategy focuses on building a project suitable for junior company advancement rather than requiring acquisition by major miners. Egilo noted: "One of our best differentiating factors here is, you know, I don't know what the scale of this should end up being, but you know, it's not going to be a $3 billion porphyry bill."

Investment Outlook
AXO Copper offers investors exposure to high-grade copper discovery with reduced geological risk, systematic exploration approach, and clear development pathway. The combination of production history, exceptional grades, excellent infrastructure, and experienced management team creates a compelling value proposition within the copper sector's favorable supply-demand dynamics.

View AXO Copper's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/axo-copper-c

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Interview with
Mark Chalmers, President & CEO of Energy Fuels Inc.
Marty Tunney, COO of IsoEnergy Ltd.

Recording date: 30th May 2025

The uranium sector stands at a critical inflection point where mounting supply constraints intersect with unprecedented political support and surging nuclear demand, creating compelling conditions for sustained price appreciation and outsized returns for positioned investors.

*Supply-Demand Fundamentals Favor Higher Prices*
A fundamental supply shortage looms as existing high-grade uranium deposits deplete while replacement projects face significantly higher development costs. Energy Fuels CEO Mark Chalmers warns that future supply sources remain uncertain: "I don't know where it's going to come looking out five or 10 years because some of the best deposits are being mined right now and they're depleting themselves." The replacement cost dynamics are stark—new uranium production must cover exploration, permitting, infrastructure development, mining, and reclamation costs at price levels far exceeding historical norms.

Current spot prices around $60-70 per pound remain well below the $100+ incentive pricing required to trigger meaningful new production. This creates a supply response lag that could persist for years even after prices reach incentive levels, given the extended timelines required for uranium project development and regulatory approval.

*Political Tailwinds Accelerate Market Dynamics*
Uranium benefits from rare bipartisan political support driven by energy security and decarbonization imperatives. Recent executive orders from the Trump administration targeting critical mineral supply chains reinforce government commitment to domestic uranium production. As Chalmers notes: "The ongoing support by both parties actually for nuclear power and reestablishing our ability to mine and produce nuclear power, including small modular reactors is gaining momentum."

The Russian uranium ban, formally taking effect in 2028, will remove a significant supply source from Western markets. Industry leaders expect accelerated implementation due to geopolitical tensions, compressing the timeline for supply shortfalls. Simultaneously, China's aggressive nuclear expansion creates additional demand pressure, with the capability to construct reactors in 18 months versus multi-year Western timelines.

Established Producers Positioned to Benefit
Market dynamics increasingly favor proven producers over development-stage companies. Many newer uranium companies have overcommitted on delivery contracts while struggling with operational challenges.  Infrastructure advantages amplify competitive positioning. Energy Fuels' White Mesa Mill serves as the primary conventional uranium processing facility in the United States, creating a strategic bottleneck that generates high-margin toll processing revenue. 

Companies without processing access face limited options, as IsoEnergy's Marty Tunny explains: "If you don't have access to the White Mesa Mill and you're a conventional hard rock miner in the USA, you don't have anywhere in the next 5 to seven years to process your ore."

*Technical Advantages Emerge*
Recent operational challenges at in-situ recovery operations highlight advantages of conventional hard rock mining methods. Conventional mining offers greater operational control, cost predictability, and flexibility compared to ISR techniques. This technical differentiation becomes increasingly valuable as the industry recognizes that uranium mining complexity exceeds that of other commodities.

*Investment Implications*
The uranium investment thesis centers on classic supply-demand imbalance amplified by geopolitical factors and infrastructure constraints. Companies with existing production capabilities, processing facilities, and proven operational track records appear positioned to benefit disproportionately from emerging market dynamics. The combination of political support, supply constraints, and rising demand creates conditions for sustained higher uranium prices, particularly benefiting North American producers with strategic infrastructure assets and established utility relationships.

Learn more: https://cruxinvestor.com

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Interview with Nick Appleyard, President & CEO of TriStar Gold Inc.

Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/tristar-gold-tsxvtsg-moving-through-permitting-process-4713

Recording date: 30th May 2025

Tristar Gold (TSXV: TSG) has emerged as a compelling investment opportunity in Brazil's mining sector following the release of updated project economics and successful resolution of permitting challenges at its Castelo de Sonhos gold project. The company recently completed a $10 million financing round that will fund strategic drilling programs and advance the project toward feasibility study completion.

The updated Preliminary Feasibility Study released in May 2025 demonstrates exceptional project economics with a 40% post-tax internal rate of return at $2,200 gold prices. With current gold trading around $3,200 per ounce, management estimates returns could exceed 70%, supported by over $1 billion in pre-tax cash flow generation and $600 million post-tax net present value. The project targets average annual production of 120,000 ounces over 11 years, with higher-grade output of 150,000 ounces during initial years.

A significant milestone involved successfully defending the environmental permit against a public prosecutor challenge regarding indigenous consultation. Despite recommendations for suspension, the permit remained valid as multiple parties confirmed no impact on indigenous lands located hundreds of kilometers from the project site. This resolution strengthens Tristar's regulatory position and eliminates a key development risk.

The company benefits from exceptional infrastructure advantages, sitting just 15 kilometers from a major highway with existing power lines and road access developed for the regional soybean industry. These factors support a sub-$300 million capital cost estimate while eliminating major infrastructure development requirements.

Management has clearly articulated its strategy as a project developer rather than mine builder, actively seeking partnerships with established mining companies over the next 12 months. This approach recognizes that optimal value creation comes through partnering with experienced operators capable of funding and operating the project through production.

The recent financing included participation from Eric Sprott, taking approximately 10% of the company, providing third-party validation of the investment opportunity. With permitting resolved and drilling programs commencing, Tristar expects improved news flow to drive valuation re-rating as the company advances toward strategic partnership.

View Tristar Gold's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/tristar-gold-inc

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Compass, episode 17

Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/why-resource-stocks-dip-in-spring-rise-in-fall-7159

Recording date: 30 May 2025

Olive Resource Capital delivered exceptional Q1 2025 results, reporting over $1.1 million in net returns—equivalent to one cent per share—while their stock trades between three and four cents. The portfolio gained 17% during the quarter, with net asset value per share rising over 20% due to strategic share buybacks.

Executive Chairman Derek Mcpherson and President/CEO Sam Pelaez attribute the record performance to a fundamental shift in investment strategy. The firm abandoned diversified holdings in favor of concentrated, high-conviction positions in companies like Omai and Troilus. "We weren't winning enough" with their previous approach, Pelaez explained, prompting the move toward fewer but stronger positions.

The strong Q1 was primarily driven by precious metals exposure, particularly gold, though momentum has flattened through May. This has shifted focus toward copper opportunities, where the managers see significant potential despite market inefficiencies.

A key catalyst emerged from operational problems at Ivanhoe Mines' Kamoa-Kakula facility in the Democratic Republic of Congo—one of the world's top five copper assets. Despite the flooding-related shutdown, copper prices remained surprisingly stable. "Normally when a top five copper asset shuts down the market moves," Mcpherson noted, suggesting the muted response may create entry opportunities.

The copper investment landscape presents unique challenges, with only five to eight meaningful mid-cap companies available, each carrying specific drawbacks that stretch valuations. Olive Resource maintains copper exposure through junior developers including Arizona Metals, backed by Rio Tinto and Hudbay, and Sterling Metals, which recently announced impressive drill results of 359 meters at 0.36% copper equivalent.

The firm's dual-portfolio approach—maintaining liquid positions for tactical trading while holding concentrated junior positions for fundamental plays—reflects sophisticated market understanding. With major copper assets going offline while demand projections grow, Olive Resource appears well-positioned for potential copper market inflection points.

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Interview with
Louis-Pierre Gignac, President & CEO of G Mining Ventures Corp.
David Cataford, CEO of Champion Iron Ltd.

Recording date: 30th May 2025

In an industry plagued by cost overruns and schedule delays, two mining executives have demonstrated a blueprint for successful project development. Louis-Pierre Gignac of G Mining Ventures and David Cataford of Champion Iron recently shared insights from their track records of delivering projects on time and within budget, even during the challenging COVID-19 period.

Both companies prioritize building strong internal teams over relying on external contractors. G Mining employs a "self-perform approach," maintaining in-house engineering, procurement, and execution capabilities to eliminate intermediary costs and maintain direct project control. Champion Iron works with multiple specialized engineering firms but requires rigorous personnel selection, including psychometric testing to ensure effective collaboration.

The executives demonstrate conservative approaches to technology adoption, preferring proven equipment with established track records over innovative but unproven alternatives. "It has to be proven somewhere else. I'm not going to be the guinea pig of anything," Gignac explains. This philosophy extends to systematic evaluation of new equipment, with teams required to visit multiple operating sites before implementation.

Project control relies on simple but comprehensive reporting systems that provide real-time visibility without overwhelming stakeholders. Both companies emphasize realistic initial estimates rather than optimistic projections designed to attract investment, recognizing that artificially low capital expenditure estimates often lead to execution failures.

Strategic decisions around mining methods, infrastructure sizing, and power generation significantly impact project economics. The executives note that processing plants typically represent only 30% of total capital expenditure, with indirect costs and infrastructure accounting for substantial portions often underestimated in feasibility studies.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Champion Iron demonstrated exceptional adaptability by establishing an on-site testing facility, enabling continuous construction despite government lockdowns. This $2 million investment allowed completion of a $700 million project on schedule.
The companies' success illustrates that systematic management approaches, transparent communication, and empowered teams can generate substantial returns in mining project development despite inherent industry risks.

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Interview with Mark Gordon, CEO, Odyssey Marine Exploration

Recording date: 29 May 2025

Odyssey Marine Exploration (OMEX) represents a unique investment opportunity in the emerging seafloor mining industry, leveraging three decades of deep ocean expertise to address global critical mineral shortages. The publicly traded company has successfully transitioned from historic shipwreck recovery to modern mineral extraction, positioning itself as a first-mover in an industry valued in the billions.

The company focuses on two strategic mineral categories essential for human needs: phosphate for fertilizer production and polymetallic nodules containing battery metals crucial for electrification. CEO Mark Gordon explains the operational advantage: "We learned how to use complicated equipment in the deep ocean, how to execute difficult projects in difficult environments." This expertise translates directly from archaeological recovery to geological extraction, utilizing the same sophisticated sonar systems, remotely operated submarines, and specialized vessels.

Odyssey's most advanced project involves phosphate extraction off Mexico's Pacific coast, where the resource is valued in the billions under 43-101 standards. The project awaits final environmental approval following successful NAFTA arbitration against previous political interference. Mexico currently imports over 50% of its phosphate requirements, creating substantial domestic market potential. "Mexico could turn into a net exporter almost instantly with this project," Gordon notes.

In the Cook Islands, Odyssey holds strategic minority stakes in two companies exploring cobalt-rich polymetallic nodules, with combined valuations approaching $9 billion. These investments provide battery metals exposure without direct operational requirements.

Recent catalysts include President Trump's pro-mining executive order and Mexico's new science-friendly administration under President Sheinbaum. Gordon anticipates significant developments within 30-90 days for Mexico and 6-12 months for Cook Islands projects.

The macro environment strongly supports seafloor mining development. As Gordon observes, "the critical minerals mankind is going to need into the future has to come from the 70% of our earth that's underwater because the 30% of the dry surface has been pretty exhausted." This fundamental resource constraint, combined with unprecedented demand for electrification and food security, positions Odyssey at the forefront of a transformational industry shift toward ocean-based mineral extraction.

Learn more: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/odyssey-marine-exploration

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Interview with Walter Coles, Executive Chairman of Skeena Resources Ltd.

Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/skeena-resources-tsxske-fully-funded-high-grade-gold-poised-for-production-5657

Recording date: 29th May 2025

Skeena Gold & Silver is developing the Eskay Creek Mine in British Columbia, positioned to become one of the world's largest gold-silver mines when production begins in early 2027. This project represents a compelling investment opportunity with exceptional economics, significant upside potential, and multiple near-term catalysts that could drive substantial share price appreciation.

The project's economics are truly remarkable. At $3,200/oz gold price, Eskay Creek boasts an after-tax NPV of $4.5 billion and an extraordinary 72% internal rate of return. This translates to a payback period of just over six months on the $700 million construction cost. Most impressively, Skeena's all-in sustainable cost per ounce is projected at less than $600 for the first six years of production, compared to approximately $1,700 for major producers like Barrick and Newmont. "We have a project that's super super low on the cost curve, enormously profitable per ounce of production.", explains Coles. This cost advantage creates exceptional profit margins even at much lower gold prices.

Skeena has secured comprehensive financing through Orion Resource Partners, removing a major uncertainty that typically impacts junior developers. The $750 million package includes equity, a gold stream, and debt facilities. Since announcing this funding, Skeena's stock has nearly tripled from around $6 to $17 Canadian. The company is now exploring refinancing options to reduce its cost of capital as the project de-risks.

Beyond the base case, Skeena is advancing several value-enhancement initiatives. The company plans to extend the mine life from 12 to 15-16 years by incorporating the high-grade Snip deposit and the Albino Lake waste facility. Additionally, Skeena has identified significant antimony, lead, and zinc content worth potentially 2.2 million tons of waste tailings that could be recovered with minimal additional costs.

Investors can look forward to several near-term catalysts such as final permits expected in Q4 2025, refinancing of the Orion loan facility in Q1 2026, updated feasibility study in the first half of 2026, and production commencement in early 2027.

Skeena's partnership with the Tahltan First Nation adds another layer of strength to the project. The company signed the first agreement in Canada giving a First Nation formal consent rights over a mining project, creating a true partnership that reduces social and political risk factors.

For investors seeking exposure to precious metals with significant upside potential, Skeena offers a rare combination of exceptional grade, economics, and execution capability in a tier-one jurisdiction. As the company advances toward production and begins generating substantial cash flow, the valuation gap with producing peers is likely to close, potentially delivering substantial returns to investors who position themselves ahead of these developments.

View Skeena Gold & Silver's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/skeena-resources

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Interview with Alan Carter, President & CEO of Cabral Gold Inc.

Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/cabral-gold-tsxv-cbr-near-term-production-pivot-advances-6950

Recording date: 28th May 2025

Cabral Gold Corp (TSXV:CBR) is positioning itself as a compelling transition story in the junior mining sector, advancing its Cuiú Cuiú gold project in northern Brazil from exploration toward near-term production through an innovative low-cost strategy. CEO Alan Carter has architected a development approach centered on extracting gold from saprolite—weathered rock material resembling mud—through heap leach processing, offering significant advantages over traditional hard rock mining.

The company's starter operation targets a 60-meter thick saprolite layer requiring no drilling, blasting, or crushing, making it "an earth moving exercise basically, not a rock mining exercise," according to Carter. Metallurgical testing has yielded exceptional results, with 70% gold recovery achieved within 12 days compared to months typically required for heap leach operations. The September 2024 Preliminary Feasibility Study outlined $37 million USD in capital costs, generating a 47% post-tax Internal Rate of Return at $2,250 per ounce gold. With current gold prices around $3,250 per ounce, Carter projects approximately $2,300 per ounce profit margins.

Beyond the starter operation lies significant district-scale potential. Historic placer production of 2 million ounces at Cuiú Cuiú compares to just 200,000 ounces at neighboring Tocantinzinho, which became a 2.5 million ounce deposit. Cabral's soil anomaly spans 7 kilometers versus 1.2 kilometers at Tocantinzinho, while the company has identified 50 exploration targets compared to six at the neighboring mine.

Recent drilling has delivered impressive results, including 12 meters at 27 grams per tonne and 49 meters at 2 grams per tonne across multiple new discoveries. Following a successful $15 million CAD financing, the company has mobilized multiple drill rigs to advance various targets toward resource estimates.

Carter has invested $2 million CAD personally, demonstrating management alignment while rejecting traditional dilutive financing models. The company expects a construction decision by mid-Q2 2025, with production targeted for mid-2026, positioning Cabral to generate cash flow for district-wide exploration while avoiding excessive shareholder dilution.

View Cabral Gold's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/cabral-gold

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