This week, Joanne welcomes horticulturist Stephen Biggs back to the podcast to talk about his latest project, the newly expanded Canada Gardener's Journal.

About Steven

Steven was recognized by Garden Making magazine as one of the "green gang" making a difference in Canadian horticulture. His home-garden experiments span driveway straw-bale gardens, a rooftop kitchen garden, fruit plantings, and an edible-themed front yard. He's a horticulturist, award-winning broadcaster and author, and former horticulture instructor with George Brown and Durham Colleges in Ontario, Canada. His other books include Grow Olives Where You Think You Can't, Grow Lemons Where You Think You Can't, Growing Figs in Cold Climates, Grow Figs Where You Think You Can't, and No-Guff Gardening, available at foodgardenlife.com.

Tune in to learn more about Canada Gardener's Journal. Origins of the Gardener's Journal

• Started 34 years ago by Margaret Bennett Alder
• Inspired by her father's paper booklets he used to manage tasks and meds
• Margaret used the format to track garden tasks, neat plant sources, and observations
• First year: ~50 copies printed; grew to 500 the next year
• By the 25th edition (2017), and her retirement at age 90, over 18,000 copies sold
• Margaret passed away at 98; the journal is part of her gardening legacy

Evolution of the Journal

• Originally the Toronto Gardener's Journal, then the Toronto & Golden Horseshoe Gardener's Journal
• Taken over by Helen and Sarah Battersby (TorontoGardens.com), who expanded its geographic scope and won awards
• Now passed to Stephen, who has turned it into Canada's Gardener's Journal

What's New in Canada's Gardener's Journal

• Now Canada-wide and bilingual, with information relevant across the country
• Includes average first and last frost dates using the most recent Environment Canada data
• Expanded sources list featuring Canadian suppliers that ship across the country (seeds, nursery stock, etc.)
• Ongoing plan to update sources as new nurseries and seed companies are suggested

From Toronto-specific to Seasonal Tasks

• Old version: weekly tasks tied to the Toronto area and similar zones
• New version: season-based task lists (spring, summer, fall, winter)
  • Includes outdoor tasks and indoor prep (seed starting, planning, etc.)
• Better suited to different climates and zones across Canada (and similar U.S. regions)

Perpetual Calendar Format

• Previously: a dated, year-specific planner (e.g., 2024, 2025) with fixed calendar weeks
• Now: a perpetual, undated week-by-week layout
  • Gardeners can start using it at any point in the year
  • Can stretch use over more than one year if desired
  • Focuses on periods of active gardening rather than wasting pages in off-months

Practical, Hands-On Focus

• Designed by a gardener for gardeners—light on theory, heavy on practical prompts
• Space for gardeners to record:
• What they planted and when
• Weather patterns and unusual seasons
• Successes, failures, and plant sources
• Acts as both a planner and a historical record for future decision-making

Why Garden Journaling Matters

• Memory is unreliable: gardeners quickly forget how wet/cool or hot/dry a season actually was
• Notes and photos together help explain:
  • Why certain plants thrived or struggled
  • How changing climate and shifting zones affect timing and plant choices
• Useful for:
  • Answering client questions (for designers like Joanne)
  • Tracking long-term trends in weather and performance
  • Diagnosing issues (e.g., why tomatoes didn't ripen as usual)

Climate Change & Updated Data

• Growing zones and frost patterns are shifting with climate change
• The journal uses the latest Environment Canada frost-date data
• Stephen expects ongoing updates in future editions as data and climate continue to change
• Honouring Founder Margaret Bennett Alder
• Margaret was passionate about a plant-based diet, which she linked to her longevity
• The journal has long included pages of her favourite plant-based resources
• Stephen has expanded this section with new Canadian sources in her honour

Availability & Price

• Price: $19.95 – positioned as an affordable gift or stocking stuffer
• Available via foodgardenlife.com under the books section
• Some specialty garden retailers carry it; retailers are listed on the website
• Stephen encourages buyers (especially Christmas shoppers) to email him via the site if they're unsure about shipping timelines
• Although now truly Canada-wide, gardeners in northern U.S. border states with similar zones may also find it very useful

Check out Stephen's books and Canada's Gardener's Journal on foodgardenlife.com. You can also find @foodgardenlife on YouTube.

Resources Mentioned in the Show:

Down the Garden Path: A Step-By-Step Guide to Your Ontario Garden

Are you a landscape or gardening expert?

We'd love to have you on the show! Click here to learn more.

Find Down the Garden Path on Instagram, Facebook, and YouTube: @downthegardenpathpodcast.

Down the Garden Path Podcast

On Down The Garden Path, professional landscape designer Joanne Shaw discusses down-to-earth tips and advice for your plants, gardens and landscapes. As the owner of Down2Earth Landscape Design, Joanne Shaw has been designing beautiful gardens for homeowners east of Toronto for over a decade. She does her best to bring you interesting, relevant and useful topics to help you keep your garden as low-maintenance as possible.

In Down the Garden Path: A Step-By-Step Guide to Your Ontario Garden, Joanne and fellow landscape designer Matthew Dressing distill their horticultural and design expertise and their combined experiences in helping others create and maintain thriving gardens into one easy-to-read monthly reference guide. Get your copy today on Amazon. Don't forget to check out Down the Garden Path on your favourite podcast app and subscribe! You can now catch the podcast on YouTube.

This week on the podcast, Joanne discusses soil testing with The Hobby Homestead's Amy Ellard-Gray, who grows 75% of her family's fruits and vegetables in her Guelph backyard.

About Amy

Amy runs The Hobby Homestead in suburban Guelph, where she cultivates over 100 varieties of native plants to support the local ecosystem. Through her YouTube channel, Instagram, website, and in-person consultations, she helps people design and troubleshoot their own food-growing spaces. Her mantra, "growing food in harmony with nature," guides everything she does, from tending soil life to welcoming wildlife into the garden.

Topics discussed in this episode:

"How much compost is too much?"

• Amy questioned the popular "just pile on compost" / no-dig approach (e.g., growing directly in municipal compost).
• After consulting an agronomist, she learned you can overdo compost, especially because compost often has high soluble salts that can stress plants.
• General rule of thumb from the agronomist: for established beds, about ½ inch (1 cm) of compost as a top-dressing per year is usually enough, but every garden is different.

Why test compost and soil?

• Amy now plans to lab-test her own compost (about $20) for salts and nutrients before using it widely.
• Lab tests are often similar in price to store-bought kits and usually include a quick consult to interpret results.
• Soil tests are especially valuable for:
  • New builds or new-to-you properties.
  • High-value plants (e.g., Japanese maples, fruit trees).
  • Chronic problem areas like failing lawns or veggie beds.

Home test kits vs lab tests

• Simple garden-center test kits can be unreliable, especially if old or poorly stored.
• Nitrogen is hard to test accurately because it changes quickly in the soil; even lab reports often base nitrogen recommendations on plant symptoms, not just numbers.
• Labs can tailor tests to what you're growing (lawn, ornamentals, vegetables, etc.).

pH: the quiet troublemaker

• Amy's big lesson: pH controls nutrient availability.
  • Low pH can lock up phosphorus.
  • High pH (common in parts of Ontario) ties up iron, manganese, and zinc.
• Just adding fertilizer won't help if pH is off and plants can't actually access those nutrients.
• Raising pH with lime is relatively straightforward; lowering pH (for blueberries/azaleas) is hard, requires repeated sulfur, and soil tends to drift back—Amy has nearly given up on blueberries because of this.

Choosing soil: bulk vs bags, municipal compost

• Amy strongly prefers high-quality bulk triple mix from a trusted supplier (often with nutrient analysis available).
• She's wary of:
  • Bagged soil/compost of unknown origin, age, and quality.
  • Municipal compost giveaways, due to uncertain inputs (treated lawns, herbicides, diseased plants) and inconsistent processing.
• Leftover bulk soil gets used in pots, extra beds, or stored for future top-ups—she never feels like she has "too much soil."

Building and maintaining soil in raised beds & pots

• Raised beds: start with good triple mix, then top up yearly with a thin layer of compost and mulch (leaves, straw, chop-and-drop).
• Containers: use potting mix or triple mix plus perlite for drainage; reuse soil but amend and top up rather than dumping it every year.
• She only uses extra fertilizer (like fish emulsion) when pushing density in containers (e.g., many beets in a small pot).

Rotation, disease, and "messy" gardens

• Classic crop rotation is more critical at farm scale; in small backyards, many diseases are airborne, so simply shifting crops a few feet often doesn't prevent them.
• Rotation still matters for certain soil-borne diseases (Amy rotated tomatoes after Alternaria collar rot), but it's not the magic solution some make it out to be.
• Leaving more plant material, leaves, and roots in place supports soil life and natural pest-predator balance, instead of resetting everything with a "clean" fall garden.

Amy's message for gardeners

• Shift your mindset from "feeding the plants" to "feeding the soil."
• Healthy, living soil is what ultimately feeds healthy, productive plants.

Find The Hobby Homestead at www.thehobbyhomestead.com and on Instagram and YouTube.

Resources Mentioned in the Show:

Down the Garden Path: A Step-By-Step Guide to Your Ontario Garden

Are you a landscape or gardening expert?

We'd love to have you on the show! Click here to learn more.

Find Down the Garden Path on Instagram, Facebook, and YouTube: @downthegardenpathpodcast.

Down the Garden Path Podcast

On Down The Garden Path, professional landscape designer Joanne Shaw discusses down-to-earth tips and advice for your plants, gardens and landscapes. As the owner of Down2Earth Landscape Design, Joanne Shaw has been designing beautiful gardens for homeowners east of Toronto for over a decade. She does her best to bring you interesting, relevant and useful topics to help you keep your garden as low-maintenance as possible.

In Down the Garden Path: A Step-By-Step Guide to Your Ontario Garden, Joanne and fellow landscape designer Matthew Dressing distill their horticultural and design expertise and their combined experiences in helping others create and maintain thriving gardens into one easy-to-read monthly reference guide. Get your copy today on Amazon.

Don't forget to check out Down the Garden Path on your favourite podcast app and subscribe! You can also catch the podcast on YouTube.

This week on Down the Garden Path, Joanne shares her passion for indoor gardening with practical winter houseplant care tips and a reminder that there's always something new to learn and grow.

Topics discussed:

1. From Annuals to Houseplants

• It's time to turn your attention to houseplants as gardening shifts indoors.
• Don't rush out to buy new plants: friends and family often have extras or cuttings to share.

2. Winter Care Basics

• During shorter days and lower light levels, houseplants slow down their growth.
• Do not fertilize in winter; they're not actively growing.
• Keep watering moderately: it's better to underwater than overwater.
• Use a moisture meter or finger test to check the soil before watering.

3. Refresh and Repot

• Check plants for dryness, dust, or signs they've outgrown their pots.
• Wipe dusty leaves with a damp cloth to help them absorb light.
• Consider repotting if roots are showing through the drainage holes.
• Use potting soil, not garden soil, and choose soil types suited to plant varieties (succulents, orchids, etc.).
• Avoid decorative pots without drainage for valuable plants.

4. Easy Propagation and Gift Ideas

• Take cuttings from plants like pothos, philodendron, and peperomia.
• Start them in water using clear containers to monitor root growth.
• Plant swaps are a fun and inexpensive way to expand your collection.
• Propagated plants make meaningful, affordable holiday gifts.

5. Learning and Experimenting

• Joanne shares her experiences with low-maintenance plants (snake plant, ZZ plant, pothos).
• Recently inspired to try more demanding varieties like Alocasia.
• Discusses challenges like insect issues and learning about proper soil mixes.

6. The Joy and Benefits of Houseplants

• Houseplants add life, colour, and calm to indoor spaces during the winter.
• Handling soil can improve mood and mental health.
• Every room benefits from having at least one plant.
• Notes the outdated NASA air-purifying study—plants don't clean air significantly but do add humidity and beauty.

Resources Mentioned in the Show: Down the Garden Path: A Step-By-Step Guide to Your Ontario Garden

Have a topic you'd like me to discuss?

Email your questions and comments to [email protected], or connect with me on my website: down2earth.ca

Find Down the Garden Path on Instagram, Facebook, and YouTube: @downthegardenpathpodcast.

Down the Garden Path Podcast

On Down The Garden Path, professional landscape designer Joanne Shaw discusses down-to-earth tips and advice for your plants, gardens and landscapes. As the owner of Down2Earth Landscape Design, Joanne Shaw has been designing beautiful gardens for homeowners east of Toronto for over a decade. She does her best to bring you interesting, relevant and useful topics to help you keep your garden as low-maintenance as possible.

In Down the Garden Path: A Step-By-Step Guide to Your Ontario Garden, Joanne and fellow landscape designer Matthew Dressing distill their horticultural and design expertise and their combined experiences in helping others create and maintain thriving gardens into one easy-to-read monthly reference guide.

Get your copy today on Amazon.

Don't forget to check out Down the Garden Path on your favourite podcast app and subscribe! You can now catch the podcast on YouTube.

This week, Joanne welcomes Ellen Zachos, author of 11 books on plants, including her latest, Mythic Plants: Potions and Poisons from the Gardens of the Gods.

About Ellen

A Harvard graduate, Ellen's first career was on Broadway (Les Miz), but the gift of a peace lily on opening night opened her eyes to the wonderful world of plants. Ellen taught at the New York Botanical Garden for many years and also served as Coordinator of the Gardening Department in Continuing Ed, before moving to Santa Fe, NM. She was named a Great American Gardener by the Epcot Flower and Garden Festival. Her 11th book, Mythic Plants: Potions & Poisons from the Gardens of the Gods, was published this year.

Inspiration & Research

• Grew from Ellen's Greek heritage and lifelong love of mythology and plants.
• Greek mythology felt personally significant; she wasn't drawn to Norse or Indian myths.
• Extensive research across historical texts; citations couldn't fit in the print book, but are available online.

Plant Stories & Mythology Connections

• Nepenthe (Poppy):
  • In Homer's Odyssey, Helen of Troy prepared Nepenthe—an "anti-sorrow" drink of wine and opium poppy.
  • Calmed grief temporarily. Linnaeus later named the tropical pitcher plant Nepenthes after this myth, believing its beauty could lift sorrow.

• Moly (Snowdrop):
  • Hermes gave Odysseus "Moly" to protect him from Circe's spells.
  • Described as a plant with black roots and white flowers—likely the snowdrop (Galanthus).
  • Contains galantamine, which counters hallucinations—aligning with the myth's antidote effect.
  • Modern research explores galantamine for Alzheimer's treatment.

• Fig:
  • Valued food in ancient Greece, consumed fresh or dried before refrigeration existed.
  • Special laws governed fig harvesting; penalties for theft were severe.
  • Ancient figs required complex pollination (caprification).
  • Some myths surrounding figs are notably "saucy."

• Pine Tree:
  • Associated with violent origin myths, but also practical uses.
  • Pine nuts were a staple food; pine resin sealed wine vessels, the origin of Retsina wine.
  • Modern Retsina has a milder pine flavour, enjoyed especially in Greek summer settings.

• Aconitum (Monkshood):
  • Misunderstood as poisonous to touch—false. Dangerous only if ingested.
  • Blooms beautifully when few others do; it is resistant to deer and rabbits.
  • Ellen wishes for a "Plant Mythbusters" show to debunk misinformation about plant toxicity.
• Daffodil (Narcissus):
  • Linked to the myth of Narcissus falling in love with his reflection.
  • Also central to the Persephone story, Zeus created a daffodil to lure her before Hades abducted her.
  • Explains the origin of winter and spring cycles through Demeter's grief and renewal.

Themes & Insights

• Plants in Greek mythology were deeply symbolic, medicinal, and magical.
• Many ancient uses align with modern scientific knowledge.
• The book groups plants thematically into short, easy-to-read chapters, ideal for bedtime or book clubs.
• Appeals to gardeners, historians, herbalists, and mythology enthusiasts.

Ellen's Life & Work Today

• Now based in Santa Fe with a small, fully edible garden.
• Enjoys discovering new drought-tolerant plants in a vastly different climate.
• Former rooftop gardener in New York City; designed and maintained terrace gardens.
• Also teaches and speaks across the U.S.—including the upcoming Herb Society of America Conference in Texas (April).
• Other popular books: How to Forage for Wild Foods Without Dying, Backyard Foraging, The Wildcrafted Cocktail, The Forager's Pantry.
• Advocates for safe, informed foraging and appreciation of wild edibles.
• Mythic Plants features beautiful botanical illustrations by Lisel Ashlock.

Mythic Plants makes a great gift and is available on Amazon! Find Ellen Zachos on Instagram.

Other Resources Mentioned in the Show:

Down the Garden Path: A Step-By-Step Guide to Your Ontario Garden

Down the Garden Path Podcast

On Down The Garden Path, professional landscape designer Joanne Shaw discusses down-to-earth tips and advice for your plants, gardens and landscapes. As the owner of Down2Earth Landscape Design, Joanne Shaw has been designing beautiful gardens for homeowners east of Toronto for over a decade. She does her best to bring you interesting, relevant and useful topics to help you keep your garden as low maintenance as possible.

In Down the Garden Path: A Step-By-Step Guide to Your Ontario Garden, Joanne and fellow landscape designer Matthew Dressing distill their horticultural and design expertise and their combined experiences in helping others create and maintain thriving gardens into one easy-to-read monthly reference guide.

Get your copy today on Amazon.

Don't forget to check out Down the Garden Path on your favourite podcast app and subscribe! You can now catch the podcast on YouTube.

This week on the podcast, Joanne welcomes Brandie, the Suburban Gardenista, an avid gardener passionate about supporting pollinators with native plants.

Brandie is Pollinator Stewardship Certified by Pollinator Partnership Canada and loves sharing her learnings through podcasts, workshops, and social media.

You can find her online on YouTube and Instagram @thesuburbangardenista.

Brandie's Gardening Journey

• Began gardening ~20 years ago after moving into a home with no plants
• Inspired by her mother's lush gardens
• Discovered native plants through growing Obedient Plant — her "gateway" plant
• Realized the importance of planting natives to support local ecosystems and pollinators
• Certified through Pollinator Partnership Canada (Pollinator Stewardship Certification)
• Shares gardening insights via YouTube, Instagram, and workshops

Native vs. Non-Native Plants

• Native plants provide critical support for specialist pollinators (those reliant on specific species)
• Non-natives mainly support generalist pollinators
• Balance between natives, non-natives, and invasives is key
• Common aggressive natives: Canada Anemone, Obedient Plant, Common Milkweed
• Alternatives like Butterfly Milkweed and Swamp Milkweed are more contained

Managing Aggressive or Invasive Species

• Important to research before planting
• Remove known invasives such as English Ivy, Vinca/Periwinkle, Lily of the Valley
• Learn plant behaviour (spreading, seeding, etc.) before adding to the garden

Designing with Natives in Small Spaces

• Small gardens can host a wide variety (Brandie has 70+ species)
• Focus on the right plant, right place, rather than "low maintenance" alone
• Use design creativity: logs, natural materials, and container plants to fill early gaps

Community and Education

• Shares excess seedlings with neighbours; encourages community planting
• Label plants with signs to spark curiosity and conversation
• Promotes pollinator education through advocacy and her YouTube channel

Pollinator Partnership Canada Certification

• The program includes 3 components:
  1. Education: 8 in-depth classes
  2. Habitat Creation: Build pollinator-supportive space
  3. Advocacy: Share learnings through outreach (e.g., YouTube video)
• Highly recommended by Brandie; new cohorts start in February
• Includes regional eco-guides and plant-pollinator charts

YouTube & Monthly Garden Tours

• Started in 2020 to document native garden progress
• Monthly updates show plants' life cycles and seasonal variations
• Helps gardeners identify seedlings and avoid weeding out young natives
• Encourages patience and learning through real-life, imperfect gardening videos

Key Takeaways

• Start small—one native plant at a time
• Do research: focus on scientific names, avoid hybrids if aiming for ecological impact
• Natives can thrive in containers and urban spaces
• Real gardens are messy, evolving, and full of learning opportunities
• Supporting native pollinators starts with curiosity and one plant

Brandie's Favourite Natives

• Obedient Plant (despite its unruly habits)
• Swamp Milkweed – fragrant and pollinator-friendly
• Eastern Redbud Tree – long-term vision for beauty and ecosystem support

How to Support Pollinators

• "Start with one plant. Once you see the pollinators arrive, you'll be hooked."
• Gardening with natives isn't about perfection—it's about participation in the ecosystem.

Native Plant Resources Mentioned

• Books:
  • A Garden for the Rusty Patched Bumblebee
  • Gardener's Guide to Native Plants of the Southern Great Lakes Region
• Online Resource:
  • Rick Gray's interactive North American map of native plant sources
• Organizations: Pollinator Partnership Canada

Have a topic you'd like me to discuss?

Please let me know what other topics you would like me to discuss.

Email your questions and comments to [email protected], or connect with me on my website: down2earth.ca

Find Down the Garden Path on Instagram, Facebook, and YouTube: @downthegardenpathpodcast.

Down the Garden Path Podcast

On Down The Garden Path, professional landscape designer Joanne Shaw discusses down-to-earth tips and advice for your plants, gardens and landscapes. As the owner of Down2Earth Landscape Design, Joanne Shaw has been designing beautiful gardens for homeowners east of Toronto for over a decade. She does her best to bring you interesting, relevant and useful topics to help you keep your garden as low maintenance as possible.

In Down the Garden Path: A Step-By-Step Guide to Your Ontario Garden, Joanne and fellow landscape designer Matthew Dressing distill their horticultural and design expertise and their combined experiences in helping others create and maintain thriving gardens into one easy-to-read monthly reference guide.

Get your copy today on Amazon.

Don't forget to check out Down the Garden Path on your favourite podcast app and subscribe! You can now catch the podcast on YouTube.

If your summer containers still look surprisingly lush, don't toss them out just yet. This week on the podcast, Joanne discusses how, with a little care, you can enjoy them again next year.

Tune in to learn how to overwinter your annuals.

Topics discussed:

• Many annuals are still looking great in mid-October — don't toss them yet!
• You can successfully overwinter several annuals to save money and enjoy them again next year.
• There's no single foolproof method; success depends on the type of plant, growing conditions, and care.
• Joanne shares three main methods: bringing the whole plant indoors, taking cuttings, and storing tubers.

Method 1: Bring the Whole Plant Indoors (Treat as a Houseplant)

• Works well for mixed containers where some plants still look healthy.
• Steps:
  • Scoop out healthy plants, repot in fresh soil.
  • Use a tray or boot tray with gravel to create humidity.
  • Lightly water (avoid soggy soil).
  • Treat with Safer's insecticidal soap, diatomaceous earth, or Bios Nutrients herbal plant soap to remove insects.
  • Keep in a cool location with indirect light (e.g., basement or bright garage that doesn't freeze).
  • Reduce watering through winter; keep soil barely moist.
  • Trim plants back slightly.
  • Begin fertilizing lightly again as days lengthen (Feb–March).

Examples:

• Coleus
• Geraniums (Pelargoniums)
• Million Bells (Calibrachoa) — heavy feeders; need more light

Method 2: Take Cuttings

• Ideal for plants like Coleus, Cigar Plant (Cuphea ignea), Geraniums, and others with soft stems.
• Process:
  • Take small cuttings (3–4 inches).
  • Remove lower leaves.
  • Root in water until roots form.
  • Pot rooted cuttings in small pots (3-inch) with fresh soil.
  • Use Ziploc bags or plastic covers to maintain humidity if needed.
  • Grow under indirect light or with grow lights.
• Benefits:
  • Saves space compared to bringing in full plants.
  • Allows propagation of multiple new plants.

Method 3: Save Tubers (Overwinter Dormant)

• Best for plants like Tuberous Begonias, Canna Lilies, and Dahlias.
• Steps:
  • Let the plant naturally die back (reduce watering).
  • After foliage dries up, gently remove tubers from soil.
  • Do not wash — just brush off soil and roots.
  • Allow to dry completely.
  • Store in paper bags, cardboard boxes, or vermiculite/newspaper.
  • Keep in a cool, dark, dry location all winter.
  • In late February/March, inspect tubers for rot or mildew.
  • Pot them up with fresh soil and water lightly until new growth appears.

General Tips & Insights

• This process helps extend your garden budget and reduce spring costs.
• Overwintering annuals is an experiment — expect variable results.
• Minimal maintenance: check occasionally for dryness or rot.
• Grow lights can improve success, especially for tropical plants.
• Try both full-plant and cutting methods to compare results.
• Share propagated plants with friends and neighbours!
• Think ahead when choosing annuals next spring — pick varieties worth saving.

Final Thoughts

• Overwintering annuals is low-cost and low-risk — a great winter experiment.
• Use it as a way to stay connected to your garden through the cold months.
• Even if you missed the window this year, plan to try it next fall.
• The reward: saving money, learning new skills, and keeping your garden thriving year after year.

Resources Mentioned in the Show:

Down the Garden Path: A Step-By-Step Guide to Your Ontario Garden

Have a topic you'd like me to discuss?

Please let me know what other topics you would like me to discuss.

Email your questions and comments to [email protected], or connect with me on my website: down2earth.ca

Find Down the Garden Path on Instagram, Facebook, and YouTube: @downthegardenpathpodcast.

Down the Garden Path Podcast

On Down The Garden Path, professional landscape designer Joanne Shaw discusses down-to-earth tips and advice for your plants, gardens and landscapes. As the owner of Down2Earth Landscape Design, Joanne Shaw has been designing beautiful gardens for homeowners east of Toronto for over a decade. She does her best to bring you interesting, relevant and useful topics to help you keep your garden as low maintenance as possible.

In Down the Garden Path: A Step-By-Step Guide to Your Ontario Garden, Joanne and fellow landscape designer Matthew Dressing distill their horticultural and design expertise and their combined experiences in helping others create and maintain thriving gardens into one easy-to-read monthly reference guide.

Get your copy today on Amazon.

Don't forget to check out Down the Garden Path on your favourite podcast app and subscribe! You can now catch the podcast on YouTube.

This week on the podcast, Joanne discusses the importance of watering your trees and evergreens throughout October and November.

Topics discussed:

• This summer was the driest summer on record, with only 96 millimetres of rain
• Although 2024 had more rain, half of it came in a single storm: our rainfall patterns are inconsistent and insufficient
• By late July or early August, many people give up on watering their gardens and lawns due to the dry conditions
• Water trees, especially a the drip line rather than just the trunk, once or twice a week until the ground freezes
• Consider using tree bags for young trees to provide slow, consistent watering
• Provide winter protection for Japanese maples by staking and wrapping with burlap
• Pool owners, pay special attention to the trees surrounding your pool, as there is generally not a lot of space between the pool patio and the garden, and the trees take a lot of abuse
• While many people may not consider it their responsibility to water city trees, doing so benefits the entire community
• How to water trees effectively, including targeting the drip line and using tree bags for young trees
• Evergreens and ornamental trees need to be watered well before winter, as they may not show signs of stress until it's too late
• Be proactive in caring for your trees: the investment in water is worth it for the long-term health and beauty of the trees in your yard

Resources Mentioned in the Show:

Down the Garden Path: A Step-By-Step Guide to Your Ontario Garden

Have a topic you'd like me to discuss?

Please let me know what other topics you would like me to discuss.

Email your questions and comments to [email protected], or connect with me on my website: down2earth.ca

Find Down the Garden Path on Instagram, Facebook, and YouTube: @downthegardenpathpodcast.

Down the Garden Path Podcast

On Down The Garden Path, professional landscape designer Joanne Shaw discusses down-to-earth tips and advice for your plants, gardens and landscapes. As the owner of Down2Earth Landscape Design, Joanne Shaw has been designing beautiful gardens for homeowners east of Toronto for over a decade. She does her best to bring you interesting, relevant and useful topics to help you keep your garden as low maintenance as possible.

In Down the Garden Path: A Step-By-Step Guide to Your Ontario Garden, Joanne and fellow landscape designer Matthew Dressing distill their horticultural and design expertise and their combined experiences in helping others create and maintain thriving gardens into one easy-to-read monthly reference guide.

Get your copy today on Amazon.

Don't forget to check out Down the Garden Path on your favourite podcast app and subscribe! You can now catch the podcast on YouTube.

In this encore presentation of October in the Garden, Joanne Shaw reviews some of the tasks you can do this month, but don't worry, it's not as labour-intensive as you think!

Tasks you can do this month:

Vegetable Gardens

• Clean up and remove the old stems of your tomato or pepper plants that have stopped producing.
• Sow cool-weather plants like lettuce and some spinach: they grow better in the shoulder seasons, late spring /early summer or fall.
• Buy plants at a garden centre or start seeds and sow them right into the garden.
• Top up the vegetable garden with some compost or manure to get ahead of next year.
• Take pictures so you know where plants are because next year you may need to put things in different places.
• Plant a cover crop.

Containers

• If you want to take advantage of the nice weather at the beginning of October, take your vegetables out of their containers and pop in an aster.

Annuals and Perennials

• Annuals: With no frost anytime soon, annuals are probably still doing okay. They may be a little bit leggy or sad-looking. Perk them up with water and fertilizer.
• Perennials: No need to cut them back. You can do some deadheading if things are really looking brown and not necessarily attractive.

Deciduous Trees and Shrubs

• Trees:
  • It is important to water deciduous trees, especially young ones, certainly ones that you just planted this year.
  • Water them deeply every week.
• Evergreen shrubs:
  • Enjoy the fall colour and shape of your shrubs. Cutting them back now is not necessary.
  • Keep newly planted shrubs well-watered. They need some extra time to get established. Being in a drought situation as they go into dormancy in winter is never a good thing.

Seeds and Bulbs

• It's a good time to buy and plant your garlic.
• Spring bulbs: find and buy bulbs – just don't plant them until the end of October, or the beginning of November!
• I recommend not planting tulips, but instead looking at the interesting varieties of daffodils or alliums
• Daffodils and alliums are poisonous to squirrels and other rodents, so they will leave them alone.

Lawn Care

• Time to apply fall fertilizer.
• Pay attention to the weeds, especially crabgrass which is prolific this time of year
• Apply corn gluten to act as a preemergent, preventing the weed seeds from germinating. It's best to apply during spring and fall.

Resources Mentioned in the Show:

Down the Garden Path: A Step-By-Step Guide to Your Ontario Garden

Have a topic you'd like me to discuss?

Please let me know what other topics you would like me to discuss.

Email your questions and comments to [email protected], or connect with me on my website: down2earth.ca

Find Down the Garden Path on Instagram, Facebook, and YouTube: @downthegardenpathpodcast.

Down the Garden Path Podcast

On Down The Garden Path, professional landscape designer Joanne Shaw discusses down-to-earth tips and advice for your plants, gardens and landscapes. As the owner of Down2Earth Landscape Design, Joanne Shaw has been designing beautiful gardens for homeowners east of Toronto for over a decade. She does her best to bring you interesting, relevant and useful topics to help you keep your garden as low maintenance as possible.

In Down the Garden Path: A Step-By-Step Guide to Your Ontario Garden, Joanne and fellow landscape designer Matthew Dressing distill their horticultural and design expertise and their combined experiences in helping others create and maintain thriving gardens into one easy-to-read monthly reference guide.

Get your copy today on Amazon.

Don't forget to check out Down the Garden Path on your favourite podcast app and subscribe! You can now catch the podcast on YouTube.

In this encore episode of Down the Garden Path, Joanne discusses how to extend the blooming season in your garden by adding asters.

Topics covered in this week's episode:

• Gardens don't have to stop blooming in September. We can extend the season to October and November.
• It's very important to have because the pollinators still need something blooming.
• There are over 30 different species of asters.
• They have a huge variety of growing conditions, so there is an aster for whatever challenging growing condition you have.

Here are the five asters discussed:

• New England Aster, Symphyotrichum nova-angliae
  • The showiest, and likely the one you're most familiar with
  • Native to most U.S. states and provinces
  • It is large and very showy, with a bright, cozy blue flower with a yellow centre
  • The leaves on the stem are densely arranged on the stem
  • Prefer soil moist and they can grow in part shade
  • One of the larger varieties: up to six feet tall
• Whitewood Aster Eurybia divaricata
  • Delicate looking flowers
  • Grows in dry shade which means it makes a wonderful addition to the shade garden
  • Not super showy like most shade plants
  • Found in Ontario in dry, deciduous forests
  • So that's exactly what we want in our garden. If you have maple trees, pine trees, or something like that where the soil underneath is very dry and it's very shady, then this is something worth giving a try to
  • Only gets two to three feet tall
• Smooth Aster Symphyotrichum laeve
  • Similar to the New England Aster, it has leaves that are very smooth, lavender and blue
  • Has a daisy-type flower with a yellow centre
  • Blooms from August to October
  • A huge pollinator for butterflies and a larval host for the pearl crescent butterfly
• Heart leaf Aster Symphyotrichum cordifolium
  • Lavender to light blue
  • It is one of the latest ones to bloom and actually goes into November
  • An excellent pollinator for butterflies and bees at late in the season
  • Spreads slowly by rhizomes and it lightly self-seeds
  • Two to three feet tall, sandy to loam soil, and part shade to full shade
• Panicled Aster Symphyotrichum lanceolatum
  • This one blooms with sprays of white flowers, open spreading form, so also known as floppy
  • Best grown with other plants to kind of support it
  • If you already have a native garden, or if you're planting a native garden with other large tall plants, then this could be an addition if you want that
  • Prefers moist soil, but it likes full sun
• You can purchase seeds from Wildflower Farm and you can again, sprinkle them or plant them in your garden this fall
• You can also start them like you normally would do if you wanted them to grow in February/March under lights and go through that type of thing indoors and then put them out next year

Resources Mentioned in the Show:

Down the Garden Path: A Step-By-Step Guide to Your Ontario Garden

Fall Mums and Asters

Are you a landscape or gardening expert?

We'd love to have you on the show! Click here to learn more. Find Down the Garden Path on Instagram, Facebook, and YouTube: @downthegardenpathpodcast.

Down the Garden Path Podcast

On Down The Garden Path, professional landscape designer Joanne Shaw discusses down-to-earth tips and advice for your plants, gardens and landscapes. As the owner of Down2Earth Landscape Design, Joanne Shaw has been designing beautiful gardens for homeowners east of Toronto for over a decade. She does her best to bring you interesting, relevant and useful topics to help you keep your garden as low-maintenance as possible.

In Down the Garden Path: A Step-By-Step Guide to Your Ontario Garden, Joanne and fellow landscape designer Matthew Dressing distill their horticultural and design expertise and their combined experiences in helping others create and maintain thriving gardens into one easy-to-read monthly reference guide.

Get your copy today on Amazon.

Don't forget to check out Down the Garden Path on your favourite podcast app and subscribe! You can now catch the podcast on YouTube.

This week, Joanne welcomes Aaron Deacon from BIOS Nutrients back to the podcast to discuss the newest addition to his product line, a game-changing plant fertilizer in collaboration with Ryzome and the ZooShare Cooperative.

You can learn more about Aaron and BIOS Nutrients here.

Natural Fertilizer Innovation and Philosophy

• Aaron started BIOS Nutrients five years ago after being laid off during COVID, initially focusing on making natural fertilizers and pesticides for cannabis growing.
• Expanded from houseplants to gardening and commercial growing, developing a commercially registered liquid fertilizer made from food waste.
• Aaron explained his fermentation-based approach to creating fertilizers, which mimics natural soil decomposition processes and emphasizes the importance of microbial diversity in soil health.
• Healthy soil is more important than new soil, and local organic compost is crucial in building soil ecosystems that are adapted to specific local conditions.

BIOS + Rysome New Plant Fertilizer

• BIOS Nutrients has a new partnership with Lexi, who runs Rysome, a company that repurposes construction waste into plant fertilizers. Together, they developed a new liquid fertilizer that provides immediate nutrient availability, unlike their original dry formulation.
• BIOS Nutrients' collaboration with the Toronto Zoo's digester facility, which processes food waste into a fertilizer byproduct
• The development and testing of the new liquid plant fertilizer, "BIOS +Rysome," which has shown promising results with soybean farmers.
• The challenges of transitioning from synthetic to natural fertilizers, and the need for education and practical solutions for farmers.
• The importance of soil health and the use of cover crops like clover for nutrient replenishment.
• Aaron's shift from focusing on indoor cannabis growing to outdoor agriculture and houseplants was driven by a passion for teaching others about sustainable soil practices.

Natural Gardening Solutions with Yucca

• The benefits and uses of yucca extract and plant soap for gardening.
• Yucca extract is a natural soil rehydrator and wetting agent that can improve the effectiveness of fertilizers and pesticides by lowering surface tension.
• Plant soap made from deep-fried herbs in canola oil serves as an insecticidal soap and fungicide. Aaron recommended the plant soap for pest control while cautioning about its high pH and proper use.

Natural Gardening Products

• The benefits and affordability of natural gardening products, particularly liquid fertilizers and sulphur-based products.
• BIOS Nutrients has plans to offer commercial-sized liquid fertilizers in various volumes and Aaron highlighted the advantages of their sulphur product, which is more environmentally friendly and effective than traditional lime sulphur solutions.
• Aaron shared tips on cost-effective soil building using natural and free resources.

Plant-Based Packaging and Shipping Challenges

• Aaron explained that shipping costs and environmental concerns led them to focus on selling concentrates rather than premixed products.
• Sustainable packaging options, including aluminum and glass, and the challenges of recycling.

Sheridan Nurseries Product Expansion

• Aaron discussed his journey of getting BIOS Nutrients products into Sheridan Nurseries, a major gardening retailer in Ontario. His company's products, including plant soap, yucca, liquid and dry fertilizers, are now stocked in all seven of their locations.

Order from BIOS Nutrients online at www.biosnutrients.ca

Find BIOS Nutrients on Instagram, Facebook, TikTok and YouTube.

Listen to Aaron's previous appearance on the Down the Garden Path Podcast here.

Resources Mentioned in the Show:

Down the Garden Path: A Step-By-Step Guide to Your Ontario Garden

Are you a landscape or gardening expert?

We'd love to have you on the show! Click here to learn more.

Find Down the Garden Path on Instagram, Facebook, and YouTube: @downthegardenpathpodcast.

Down the Garden Path Podcast

On Down The Garden Path, professional landscape designer Joanne Shaw discusses down-to-earth tips and advice for your plants, gardens and landscapes. As the owner of Down2Earth Landscape Design, Joanne Shaw has been designing beautiful gardens for homeowners east of Toronto for over a decade. She does her best to bring you interesting, relevant and useful topics to help you keep your garden as low-maintenance as possible.

In Down the Garden Path: A Step-By-Step Guide to Your Ontario Garden, Joanne and fellow landscape designer Matthew Dressing distill their horticultural and design expertise and their combined experiences in helping others create and maintain thriving gardens into one easy-to-read monthly reference guide. Get your copy today on Amazon.

Don't forget to check out Down the Garden Path on your favourite podcast app and subscribe! You can now catch the podcast on YouTube.