For our 64th episode, we return to to review a recent paper that attempts to elucidate the connection between subclinical thyroid disease and cardiovascular disease. Any of you listeners who see patients with thyroid conditions likely frequently encounter people with mild thyroid abnormalities and need to figure out if those abnormalities may have a clinical impact. So, given the many unanswered questions in this area, we thought this article well worth discussing. Not only do these authors use an observational study design, but their work is a pooling of multiple observational investigations, necessitating a careful thinking through of the methodology. Host Chase Hendrickson, MD, from Vanderbilt University talks with regular contributor Anupam Kotwal, MD, from the University of Nebraska Medical Center, and guest expert Jennifer S. Mammen, MD, PhD, from Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. They discuss “Associations Between Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction and Cardiovascular Risk Factors According to Age and Sex” by Baretella et al, published in the May 2025 issue of JCEM. Show notes can be found at https://www.endocrine.org/journals/endocrine-feedback-loop-podcast-series/efl064 — podcast home page: https://www.endocrine.org/journals/endocrine-feedback-loop-podcast-series

For our 63rd episode, we returned to the Endocrine Society’s annual meeting and recorded before a live audience at ENDO 2025 in San Francisco. We look at a study from that suggests that we can substantially alter our diagnostic approach to adrenal insufficiency. This study and others have already led to a shift in recommendations from some experts, so we thought it would be of great interest to you all as our listeners. Host Chase Hendrickson, MD, from Vanderbilt University talks with regular contributor Katie Guttenberg, MD, from the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, and guest expert Anand Vaidya, MD, from Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School in Boston. They discuss “Performance of Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate and Baseline Cortisol in Assessing Adrenal Insufficiency” by Han et al, first published online in JCEM in December 2024. We have four senior fellows joining us to help analyze the article. They each submitted questions in advance, and we called on them throughout the episode to ask those questions. Those fellows are Natalia Fretes Oviedo, MD, from the Cleveland Clinic; Nikola Gligorijevic, MD, from the University of Pittsburgh; Rinki Pandya, MD, from Oregon Health & Science University; and Aye Khine, MD, from University of California San Francisco. Show notes can be found at https://www.endocrine.org/journals/endocrine-feedback-loop-podcast-series/efl063 — podcast home page: https://www.endocrine.org/journals/endocrine-feedback-loop-podcast-series

Join host Chase Hendrickson, MD, from Vanderbilt University Medical Center, in a discussion about a recently published article in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism that investigates the impact of primary hyperparathyroidism on fertility and pregnancy outcomes. Those who take care of primary hyperparathyroidism will have encountered the challenge of managing it around pregnancy and will be familiar with how little data we have to guide us there. The authors utilize an observational methodology, so we will do our usual, careful walk through the study design to highlight those intrinsic limitations. Dr. Hendrickson talks with Alyson K. Myers, MD, from the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, and guest expert Shonni J. Silverberg, MD, from Columbia University. The article featured this month, by Sant et al, was published in the May 2025 issue of JCEM: “Fertility and Pregnancy Outcomes in Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Observations From a Large Insured Population.” Show notes can be found at https://www.endocrine.org/journals/endocrine-feedback-loop-podcast-series/efl062 — podcast home page: https://www.endocrine.org/journals/endocrine-feedback-loop-podcast-series

Welcome to our 61st episode and the beginning of our sixth season! Join host Chase Hendrickson, MD, from Vanderbilt University Medical Center, in a discussion about a recently published clinical trial in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism that tries to understand the impact of genetics on the benefits of a lifestyle program in reducing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Personalized or precision medicine has been a hot topic for several years now, and this podcast has recently reviewed a few studies that fit that description. The authors of this investigation try to answer the question of how we can decide in advance which patients are particularly likely to benefit from a given intervention. Dr. Hendrickson talks with Ashok Balasubramanyam, MD, from Baylor College of Medicine, and guest expert Miriam Udler, MD, PhD, from Massachusetts General Hospital. The article featured this month, by Lankinen et al, was published in the January 2025 issue of JCEM: “Effects of Genetic Risk on Incident Type 2 Diabetes and Glycemia: The T2D-GENE Lifestyle Intervention Trial.” Show notes can be found at https://www.endocrine.org/journals/endocrine-feedback-loop-podcast-series/efl061 — podcast home page: https://www.endocrine.org/journals/endocrine-feedback-loop-podcast-series

Join host Chase Hendrickson, MD, from Vanderbilt University Medical Center, in a discussion about a recent study in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism that reports on the benefits of older weight-loss medications in a population of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Much of the attention today in obesity medicine focuses on GLP-1 receptor agonists. However, these medications are not treatment options for many of our patients, so we thought this paper asked important questions that we would want to know the answers to. Dr. Hendrickson talks with Na Shen, MD, from the University of California, Los Angeles, and guest expert Stanley G. Korenman, MD, also from UCLA. The article featured this month, by Bandeira Marchesan et al, was first published in JCEM in September 2024: “Topiramate Added to Metformin for Obesity Control in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.” Show notes can be found at https://www.endocrine.org/journals/endocrine-feedback-loop-podcast-series/efl060 — podcast home page: https://www.endocrine.org/journals/endocrine-feedback-loop-podcast-series

Join host Chase Hendrickson, MD, from Vanderbilt University Medical Center, in a discussion about a recent investigation in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism that tries to illuminate the relationship between serum testosterone and fractures in men. Ever since the release of the TRAVERSE fracture findings last year, we as endocrinologists have been uncertain in how to think about testosterone and bone health, as that trial made us question what we thought we already knew. So we thought that this article would be an important one to review and are eager to discuss it. Dr. Hendrickson talks with Anna Goldman, MD, from Harvard Medical School and guest expert Peter J. Snyder, MD, from the University of Pennsylvania. The article featured this month, by Grahnemo et al, was first published in JCEM in October 2024: “Associations of Serum Testosterone and SHBG With Incident Fractures in Middle-Aged to Older Men.” Show notes can be found at https://www.endocrine.org/journals/endocrine-feedback-loop-podcast-series/efl059-testosterone-levels-and-fracture-risk-in-men — podcast home page: https://www.endocrine.org/journals/endocrine-feedback-loop-podcast-series

Join host Chase Hendrickson, MD, from Vanderbilt University Medical Center, in a discussion about a study in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism that reports the relationship between body mass index and percent body fat in terms of defining overweight and obesity. He talks with Andrew Kraftson, MD, from the University of Michigan and guest expert Beverly Tchang, MD, from Weill Cornell Medicine in New York City. The article featured this month, by Potter et al, was first published in JCEM in May 2024: “Defining Overweight and Obesity by Percent Body Fat Instead of Body Mass Index.” Show notes can be found at https://www.endocrine.org/journals/endocrine-feedback-loop-podcast-series/efl058-bmi-vs-percent-body-fat-in-defining-obesity — podcast home page: https://www.endocrine.org/journals/endocrine-feedback-loop-podcast-series

Join host Chase Hendrickson, MD, from Vanderbilt University Medical Center, in a discussion about a study in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism that gives insight into how we should wean patients off long-term glucocorticoid use and how successful that typically is. He talks with Salila Kurra, MD, from Columbia University and guest expert Felix Beuschlein, MD, from University Clinic Zurich in Switzerland. The article featured this month, by Arshad et al, was published in the November 2024 issue of JCEM: “A Retrospective Study on Weaning Glucocorticoids and Recovery of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis.” Show notes can be found at https://www.endocrine.org/journals/endocrine-feedback-loop-podcast-series/efl057-weaning-glucocorticoids-and-hpa-recovery — podcast home page: https://www.endocrine.org/journals/endocrine-feedback-loop-podcast-series

Join host Chase Hendrickson, MD, from Vanderbilt University Medical Center, in a discussion about a recent article in Journal of the Endocrine Society assessing plasma renin in the management of individuals with primary adrenal insufficiency. He talks with Jill Wagoner, MD, from the University of Nebraska and guest expert Irina Bancos, MD, from Mayo Clinic. The article featured this month, by Piazzola et al, was published in the November 2024 issue of JES: “Plasma Renin: A Useful Marker for Mineralocorticoid Adjustment in Patients With Primary Adrenal Insufficiency.” Show notes can be found at https://www.endocrine.org/journals/endocrine-feedback-loop-podcast-series/efl056-renin-measurements-in-primary-adrenal-insufficiency — podcast home page: https://www.endocrine.org/journals/endocrine-feedback-loop-podcast-series

Join host Chase Hendrickson, MD, from Vanderbilt University Medical Center, in a discussion about a recent systematic review and meta-analysis in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism about the role for T3 replacement in the treatment of people with hypothyroidism. He talks with Andrew Crawford, MD, from Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center and guest expert James Hennessey, MD, from Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. The article featured this month, by Esberard de Lima Beltrão et al, was first published online in JCEM in September 2024: “Treatment Preferences in Patients With Hypothyroidism.” Show notes can be found at https://www.endocrine.org/journals/endocrine-feedback-loop-podcast-series/efl055-t3-replacement-in-the-treatment-of-hypothyroidism — podcast home page: https://www.endocrine.org/journals/endocrine-feedback-loop-podcast-series