In this fan favorite episode of the podcast, Dr. Bray answers a listener's question on loneliness. Tune in to learn about the neuroscience and psychology of loneliness, what happens in the brain, and specific action steps you can take to combat loneliness. In a world where loneliness is increasing exponentially, it is important to understand this issue and notice the signs and warning markers of isolation.

If you want to learn more, see below for specific research into the topics Dr. Bray discussed on this episode.

"Loneliness and social isolation as risk factors for coronary heart disease and stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal observational studies" by Nicole K Valtorta et al. Heart "Loneliness matters: a theoretical and empirical review of consequences and mechanisms. Annals of Behavioral Medicine" by Louise C. Hawkley et al. Annals of Behavioral Medicine "The growing problem of loneliness" by Cacioppo & Cacioppo. The Lancet "Brain structure links loneliness to social perception" by Ryota Kanai et al. Current Biology "The association between social relationships and depression: a systematic review" by Ziggi Ivan Santini et al. Journal of Affective Disorders "The neuroendocrinology of social isolation" by John Cacioppo et al. Annual Review of Psychology "Social media use and perceived social isolation among young adults in the US" by Brian A. Primack et al. American Journal of Preventative Medicine "A meta-analysis of interventions to reduce loneliness" by Christopher M. Masi et al. Personality and Social Psychology Review "Mindfulness training reduces loneliness and increases social contact in a randomized controlled trial" by Emily K. Lindsay et al. PNAS

QUOTES BY DR. BRAY

"Loneliness can creep in no matter how connected we may appear or seem to be."

"The key to perception is understanding."

"Social media never replaces personal connection."