The Amazon Rainforest is a region of unparalleled biodiversity, crucial for global ecological balance. The Amazon River, the largest river in the world by discharge volume, flows through this rainforest, extending its vast network of tributaries across nine South American countries. This immense river discharges approximately 209,000 cubic meters of water per second into the Atlantic Ocean, significantly influencing ocean salinity and currents. The Amazon rainforest itself is home to an estimated 10% of the world's known species, including millions of insects, tens of thousands of plants, and thousands of mammals, birds, and fish, with many species being endemic to the region. Over 400 indigenous tribes reside in the Amazon, many maintaining little to no contact with the outside world, preserving their traditional ways of life and deep knowledge of the forest. The rainforest also plays a vital role in regulating global weather patterns through "flying rivers" of moisture released by evapotranspiration, influencing rainfall in distant regions.

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