Vitamins have gone from unknown to a billion dollar industry within a century! In the previous episode we covered the basics of what vitamins are and how they were discovered. During this episode, we'll focus on how vitamins and supplements, the broader class of dietary additives, are marketed, evaluated, and regulated. It may shock you to learn that supplements are not routinely evaluated by the FDA! That's right, being in pill form does not make supplements equal to the level of scrutiny that we place on medicine and drugs in this country. If you use/need supplements, please check out our sources and listen for some strategies that you can use to research reliable sources of supplements!

Sources:

Vitamania book: https://www.amazon.com/Vitamania-Vitamins-Revolutionized-Think-About/dp/0143108158

Vitamin A toxicity: https://www.healthline.com/health/hypervitaminosis-a#causes

History of vitamin advertising: https://www.sciencehistory.org/distillations/vitamins-come-to-dinner

FDA regulation of vitamins: https://www.nytimes.com/1993/07/30/us/diet-supplements-attacked-by-fda.html

https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2016/06/supplements-make-tobacco-look-easy/488798/

NIH Dietary supplements: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/DietarySupplements-HealthProfessional/

Vitamin C commercial: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_F_ZZvdHqPM

EMS: https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/eosinophilia-myalgia-syndrome/

St. John’s-Wort drug interactions: https://www.drugs.com/drug-interactions/st-john-s-wort.html

Plant vs animal vitamins:

https://www.kevinstock.io/health/vitamins-and-minerals-plants-vs-animals/

Harvard – best foods for certain vitamins: https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/the-best-foods-for-vitamins-and-minerals

Identifying safe vitamins: https://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/02/12/107141/

NSF: https://www.nsf.org/about-nsf/

ConsumerLab: https://www.consumerlab.com/

NatureMade: http://www.naturemade.com/about-nature-made/science-based

Ritual website: https://ritual.com/products/essential-for-women-multivitamin

Ritual clinical trial:https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03828097?term=Multivitamin%2C+Auburn+University&draw=2&rank=1

Ritual partnership with Auburn university: http://www.education.auburn.edu/news/roberts-masl-lab-complete-large-scale-clinical-trial-in-partnership-with-ritual/