Today we have a new mini-episode for you! 

In these mini-episodes, we’ll be exploring topics that are related to Shakespeare but aren’t necessarily connected to whatever play we’ve been discussing.

And they’re mini, because well, they’re shorter than our other episodes. They’re like quartos if the regular episodes are folio editions.

In today's episode, we are exploring the Four Humours, which were a widely held theory in medicine during Shakespeare's time and which are referenced throughout his works!

Shakespeare Anyone? is created, written, produced, and hosted by Kourtney Smith and Elyse Sharp.

Shakespeare Anyone? is created and produced by Kourtney Smith and Elyse Sharp.

Note: When this episode was recorded, Kourtney Smith was "Korey Leigh Smith".

Episode written and researched by Kourtney Smith with contributions by Elyse Sharp.

Our theme music is "Neverending Minute" by Sounds Like Sander.

Works referenced: 

Cummings, M. J. (2018). The Four Humors in Shakespeare's Works. Accessed 5 Jan. 2021, from http://shakespearestudyguide.com/Four%20Humours%20in%20Shakespeare.html#:~:text=Examples%20of%20characters%20who%20exhibit,blood)%20in%20Much%20Ado%20About

DRAPER, JOHN W. “HUMORAL THERAPY IN SHAKESPEARE'S PLAYS.” Bulletin of the History of Medicine, vol. 35, no. 4, 1961, pp. 317–325. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/44449750. Accessed 10 Jan. 2021.

Elliott, R. (2020, February 06). Bloodletting and the treatment of menstrual disorders. Accessed 13 Jan. 2021, from https://hekint.org/2020/02/06/bloodletting-and-the-treatment-of-menstrual-disorders-in-early-modern-england/

Galen: Selected Papers, by Jacques Jouanna and Neil Allies, Brill, LEIDEN; BOSTON, 2012, pp. 335–360. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctt1w76vxr.21. Accessed 29 Dec. 2020.

Kern Paster, Dr. Gail. “William Shakespeare and the Four Humors: Elizabethan Medical Beliefs by Dr. Gail Kern Paster.” National Library of Medicine exhibit, "And there's the humor of it, Shakespeare and the Four Humors". William Shakespeare and the Four Humors: Elizabethan Medical Beliefs, 14 Jan. 2021, Pittsburgh, Accessed on October 2, 2014, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pKt4pDZDefQ

Marschall, Whythes. “Ancient & Medieval Medicine: Crash Course History of Science #9.” Produced and edited by Nicholas Jenkins and Nicole Sweeney, Hosted by Hank Green, YouTube, Crash Course, 4 June 2018, Accessed 5 Jan. 2021, from www.youtube.com/watch?v=iGiZXQVGpbY

Paul, Richard. Shakespeare Unlimited Podcast, performance by Neva Grant, et al., episode 55, Folger Shakespeare Library, 23 Aug. 2016. Accessed 13 Jan. 2021.

“The Four Humours.” In Our Time: Science, performance by Melvyn Bragg, et al., season 10, episode 13, BBC 4 Radio, 20 Dec. 2007.  Accessed 13 January 2021.

“Understanding the Female Body: MISOGYNY AND SYMPATHY.” A Medieval Woman's Companion: Women's Lives in the European Middle Ages, by Susan Signe Morrison, Oxbow Books, Oxford; Philadelphia, 2016, pp. 88–95. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvh1dnb3.15. Accessed 2 Jan. 2021.

Van der Eijk, Philip, editor. “THE LEGACY OF THE HIPPOCRATIC TREATISE THE NATURE OF MAN: THE THEORY OF THE FOUR HUMOURS.” Greek Medicine from Hippocrates to Galen: Selected Papers, by Jacques Jouanna and Neil Allies, Brill, LEIDEN; BOSTON, 2012, pp. 335–360. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctt1w76vxr.21. Accessed 24 Jan. 2021.