OPENPediatrics

This podcast discusses the pre-operative, operative, and post-operative considerations for patients undergoing laryngeal cleft repair including: anatomy and pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, pre-operative evaluation, anesthetic management, operative approach, and post-operative care.

Upon viewing this presentation, participants will be able to:

- Describe the anatomy and pathophysiology of a laryngeal cleft

- List the common symptoms that a patient may exhibit with various types of laryngeal cleft.

- Explain the approach used to diagnose a laryngeal cleft.

- Describe the common preoperative evaluation for laryngeal cleft surgery.

- Explain the anesthetic management plan for repair of type 1 and type II laryngeal clefts.

- Describe the operative approach for repair of type 1 and type II laryngeal clefts.

- Anticipate the post operative considerations following repair of type 1 and type II laryngeal clefts.

Initial Publication: January 19, 2023

Citation: Laird-Gion J, O’Halloran A, Soohey R, Rahbar R, Watters K, Wolbrink TA. Laryngeal Cleft. 01/2023. Online Video. OPENPediatrics. Soundcloud link: https://soundcloud.com/openpediatrics/laryngeal-cleft.

Please visit: http://www.openpediatrics.org OPENPediatrics™ is an interactive digital learning platform for healthcare clinicians sponsored by Boston Children’s Hospital and in collaboration with the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies. It is designed to promote the exchange of knowledge between healthcare providers around the world caring for critically ill children in all resource settings. The content includes internationally recognized experts teaching the full range of topics on the care of critically ill children. All content is peer-reviewed and open access-and thus at no expense to the user. For further information on how to enroll, please email: [email protected]

This video is a part of our Pain Series. In this episode, Dr. Corrie Chumpitazi gives an overview of pediatric pain management in the emergency department context, with a focus on education and advocacy toolkits for pediatric pain management that can be used nationwide. She discusses how to optimize both recognition and management of pediatric pain, with practical tips for determining medication selection and mitigating bias. She also talks about the use of opioids in treating pediatric pain, with consideration of healthcare disparities and changes in prescribing practices over time.

The Pain Series is funded through the generosity of the MAYDAY Fund, which has, over the years, supported investigators and projects that have dramatically improved the pain management of children throughout the world.

Upon viewing this presentation, participants will be able to:

• Describe available approaches to assessing pediatric pain in the emergency department

• Identify available tools for the recognition and management of pediatric pain

• Discuss the role of opioids in treating pediatric pain, with consideration of changes in opioid prescribing practices over time

• Identify racial and ethnic disparities in the treatment of pediatric pain

DATES

Initial Publication: March 8, 2023.

ARTICLES REFERENCED

• Ali S, Morrison E, Shwetz S, Yaskina M, Rajagopal M, Estey A, Drendel AL. An assessment of the psychometric properties of the Stoplight Pain Scale in a Canadian paediatric emergency department. Paediatr Child Health. 2021 May 26;26(7):421-427. (6:37)

• Chang CD, Saidinejad M, Atanelov Z, Dietrich AM, Lam SH, Rose E, Ruttan T, Shahid S, Stoner MJ, Sulton C, Chumpitazi CE; ACEP Pediatric Emergency Medicine Committee. Emergency department strategies to combat the opioid crisis in children and adolescents. J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open. 2021 Jul 21;2(4):e12512.

• Chumpitazi CE, Chang C, Atanelov Z, et al. Managing acute pain in children presenting to the emergency department without opioids. J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open. 2022;3(2):e12664. (18:14)

• Goyal MK, Drendel AL, Chamberlain JM, et al. Racial/Ethnic Differences in ED Opioid Prescriptions for Long Bone Fractures: Trends Over Time. Pediatrics. 2021;148(5):e2021052481. (19:45)

• Groenewald CB, Rabbitts JA, Gebert JT, Palermo TM. Trends in opioid prescriptions among children and adolescents in the United States: a nationally representative study from 1996 to 2012. Pain. 2016;157(5):1021-1027. (10:30)

• Johnson TJ, Winger DG, Hickey RW, et al. Comparison of Physician Implicit Racial Bias Toward Adults Versus Children. Acad Pediatr. 2017;17(2):120-126. (21:57)

• Kircher J, Drendel AL, Newton AS, et al. Acute pediatric musculoskeletal pain management in North America: a practice variation survey. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2014;53(14):1326-1335 (16:48)

• Tobias JD, Green TP, Coté CJ; SECTION ON ANESTHESIOLOGY AND PAIN MEDICINE; COMMITTEE ON DRUGS. Codeine: Time to Say "No". Pediatrics. 2016;138(4):e20162396. (11:03)

ADDITIONAL REFERENCES

• Emergency Medical Services for Children Innovation & Improvement Center (EIIC) toolkits (https://emscimprovement.center/education-and-resources/toolkits/)

• EIIC/TREKK: Bottom Line Recommendations Pain Treatment (https://emscimprovement.center/education-and-resources/peak/peak-pediatric-pain/bottom-line-recommendation-pediatric-pain-treatment/)

• Pediatric Education and Advocacy Kit (PEAK) toolkits: (https://emscimprovement.center/education-and-resources/peak/peak-pediatric-pain/)

• Stoplight Pain Scale (https://stoplightpainscale.com/)

CITATION

Chumpitazi CE, Perez C, Daniel D, Wolbrink TA. Pediatric pain management in the emergency department. 3/2023. Online Video. OPENPediatrics. https://youtu.be/5ca1pFTXe5Q.

Please visit: www.openpediatrics.org

This video is a part of our Pain Series. In this episode, Dr. Jean Solodiuk reviews approaches to the recognition and assessment of pain in children with intellectual disability. Dr. Solodiuk describes ways to define and measure pain in an individualized fashion, discusses collaborative approaches to pain management involving caregivers, and illustrates these principles using case examples.

The Pain Series is funded through the generosity of the MAYDAY Fund, which has, over the years, supported investigators and projects that have dramatically improved the pain management of children throughout the world.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Upon viewing this presentation, participants will be able to:

• Recognize the sources of complexity in defining the pain experience in children with intellectual disability

• Apply an individualized approach to describing pain behaviors and severity for medically complex patients

• Develop strategies to include caregivers in the assessment and management of pain

CHAPTERS

00:00 Introduction

01:05 Behavior never lies

04:14 Definitions and overview

12:05 Pain assessment scales

14:49 Pain in children with medical complexity

19:21 Case Study #1

24:43 Understanding the pain behaviors of nonverbal children with intellectual disability

31:13 Case Study #2

ARTICLES REFERENCED

• 2:00 McCrea RT, Tanke DH, Buckley LG, et al. Vertebrate Ichnopathology: Pathologies Inferred from Dinosaur Tracks and Trackways from the Mesozoic. Ichnos 2015;22:3-4,235-260.

• 8:31 Melzack R, Wall PD. Pain mechanisms: a new theory. Science. 1965;150(3699):971-979.

• 34:40 Morse BL, Solodiuk JC, Greco CD, Mauskar S, Hauer J. Initial Validation of GRASP: A Differential Diagnoses Algorithm for Children With Medical Complexity and an Unknown Source of Pain. Hosp Pediatr. 2020;10(8):633-640.

DATES

Initial publication date: December 22, 2022

CITATION

Solodiuk J, Perez C, Daniel D, Wolbrink TA. Understanding the pain behaviors of nonverbal children with intellectual disability. 12/2022. Online Video. OPENPediatrics. https://youtu.be/-3dxNVOZv-Y.

Please visit: www.openpediatrics.org

OPENPediatrics™ is an interactive digital learning platform for healthcare clinicians sponsored by Boston Children's Hospital and in collaboration with the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies. It is designed to promote the exchange of knowledge between healthcare providers around the world caring for critically ill children in all resource settings. The content includes internationally recognized experts teaching the full range of topics on the care of critically ill children. All content is peer-reviewed and open access-and thus at no expense to the user.

For further information on how to enroll, please email: [email protected]

In this World Shared Practice Forum podcast, Dr. Robert Tasker continues highlighting research trends from his position as Editor-in-Chief of the Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Journal. Dr. Tasker presents notable articles from 2022, shares a look into upcoming topics and themes for 2023, and provides his perspective on how academic journals such as PCCM are evolving to meet the needs of modern readers and clinicians.

Following this podcast, listeners will be able to:

- List some of the prominently featured and shared articles from Pediatric Critical Care Medicine for the first half of 2022

- Identify topics and areas of active research interest within the field of pediatric critical care medicine

- Discuss approaches to increasing engagement with an academic publication, including content curation, online presentation, and uses of alternative formats such as podcasting

Articles referenced:

•2:17 Nellis ME, Karam O, Valentine SL, et al. Executive Summary of Recommendations and Expert Consensus for Plasma and Platelet Transfusion Practice in Critically Ill Children: From the Transfusion and Anemia EXpertise Initiative-Control/Avoidance of Bleeding (TAXI-CAB). Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2022;23(1):34-51.

•2:27 Smith HAB, Besunder JB, Betters KA, et al. 2022 Society of Critical Care Medicine Clinical Practice Guidelines on Prevention and Management of Pain, Agitation, Neuromuscular Blockade, and Delirium in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients With Consideration of the ICU Environment and Early Mobility. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2022;23(2):e74-e110.

•3:16 Dewan M. I Cannot Let It Go. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2022;23(3):214-215. doi:10.1097/PCC.0000000000002862

•4:16 Mazer MB, Bulut Y, Brodsky NN, et al. Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: Host Immunologic Responses. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2022;23(4):315-320.

•4:36 Kozyak BW, Fraga MV, Juliano CE, et al. Real-Time Ultrasound Guidance for Umbilical Venous Cannulation in Neonates With Congenital Heart Disease. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2022;23(5):e257-e266.

•5:34 François T, Sauthier M, Charlier J, et al. Impact of Blood Sampling on Anemia in the PICU: A Prospective Cohort Study. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2022;23(6):435-443.

Publish date: December 22, 2022.

Citation: Tasker R, Daniel D, Burns JP. Research Trends in Pediatric Critical Care Medicine: Current and Emerging Areas of Interest. 12/2022. Online Podcast. OPENPediatrics. https://youtu.be/tcn-MQ_jHv4.

Please visit: http://www.openpediatrics.org OPENPediatrics™ is an interactive digital learning platform for healthcare clinicians sponsored by Boston Children’s Hospital and in collaboration with the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies. It is designed to promote the exchange of knowledge between healthcare providers around the world caring for critically ill children in all resource settings. The content includes internationally recognized experts teaching the full range of topics on the care of critically ill children. All content is peer-reviewed and open access and thus at no expense to the user. For further information on how to enroll, please email: [email protected]

In this World Shared Practice Forum podcast, Dr. Robert Tasker discusses trends in research over the past year from his position as Editor-in-Chief of the Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Journal. Dr. Tasker shares his views on some of the most active areas of research in the field of pediatric critical care medicine in 2022 and provides an insider's look at many metrics relating to the PCCM Journal itself, including impact factors, subscribership numbers, and Altmetric scores.

Upon listening to this presentation, learners should be able to:

-Identify diverse areas of active research interest within the field of pediatric critical care medicine

-Describe the reach and impact of the journal Pediatric Critical Care Medicine within the field of pediatrics, and within medicine more generally

-Interpret Altmetric scores to better understand the global reach of a published work

Publication date: November 18, 2022.

Citation: Tasker R, Daniel D, Burns JP. Research Trends in Pediatric Critical Care Medicine: Editor's Perspective. 11/2022. Online Podcast. OPENPediatrics. https://youtu.be/EnOz15CTiEI.

Articles referenced:

Jonat B, Gorelik M, Boneparth A, et al. Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated With Coronavirus Disease 2019 in a Children's Hospital in New York City: Patient Characteristics and an Institutional Protocol for Evaluation, Management, and Follow-Up. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2021;22(3):e178-e191. (11:39)

Capasso L, De Bernardo M, Vitiello L, Rosa N. Ultrasound Options for Measuring Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter in Children. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2021;22(5):e329-e330. (12:40)

Staveski SL, Pickler RH, Khoury PR, et al. Prevalence of ICU Delirium in Postoperative Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Patients. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2021;22(1):68-78. (13:42)

Ozment CP, Scott BL, Bembea MM, Spinella PC; Pediatric ECMO (PediECMO) subgroup of the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis Investigators (PALISI) Network and the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO). Anticoagulation and Transfusion Management During Neonatal and Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Survey of Medical Directors in the United States. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2021;22(6):530-541 (14:05)

Rimensberger PC, Kneyber MCJ, Deep A, et al. Caring for Critically Ill Children With Suspected or Proven Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection: Recommendations by the Scientific Sections' Collaborative of the European Society of Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2021;22(1):56-67. (14:47)

Additional references:

Pediatric Critical Care Medicine journal: https://journals.lww.com/pccmjournal (06:42)

Pediatric Critical Care section of Frontiers in Pediatrics journal: https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pediatrics/sections/pediatric-critical-care (06:59)

Journal of Pediatric Critical Care: https://www.jpcc.org.in (07:06)

Critical Care Medicine journal: https://journals.lww.com/ccmjournal/pages/default.aspx (07:20)

Pediatric Pulmonology journal: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10990496 (07:28)

Atlmetric: https://www.altmetric.com/ (16:42)

Please visit: http://www.openpediatrics.org OPENPediatrics™ is an interactive digital learning platform for healthcare clinicians sponsored by Boston Children’s Hospital and in collaboration with the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies. It is designed to promote the exchange of knowledge between healthcare providers around the world caring for critically ill children in all resource settings. The content includes internationally recognized experts teaching the full range of topics on the care of critically ill children. All content is peer-reviewed and open-access and thus at no expense to the user. For further information on how to enroll, please email: [email protected]

This podcast discusses pediatric anxiety and how to approach and support a patient who suffers from a possible anxiety disorder. The authors review the guidelines and tools used for diagnosing anxiety disorders and discuss treatments.

Initial Publication: November 9, 2022.

Dholakia A, Ngo A, Chase B, Wills K, Blackburn K. Pediatric Behavioral-Mental Health: Anxiety. 11/2022. Online Video. OPENPediatrics. https://learn.openpediatrics.org/learn/course/internal/view/elearning/5300/pediatric-behavioral-mental-health-anxiety.

Please visit: http://www.openpediatrics.org OPENPediatrics™ is an interactive digital learning platform for healthcare clinicians sponsored by Boston Children’s Hospital and in collaboration with the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies. It is designed to promote the exchange of knowledge between healthcare providers around the world caring for critically ill children in all resource settings. The content includes internationally recognized experts teaching the full range of topics on the care of critically ill children. All content is peer-reviewed and open access-and thus at no expense to the user.For further information on how to enroll, please email: [email protected]

October is Sudden Infant Death Syndrome awareness month. Dr. Richard Goldstein, director of Robert’s Program on Sudden Unexplained Death in Pediatrics, provides an overview of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), including historical perspectives, definitions, current understanding of potential etiologies, and emerging research. Additionally, Dr. Goldstein offers practical tips for speaking with caregivers about SIDS.

After this podcast, listeners will be able to:

-Discuss the historical background of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)

-Describe key terminology regarding SIDS and Sudden Unexplained Death in Pediatrics

-Identify some of the proposed mechanisms related to SIDS

-Discuss practical advice for speaking with families and caregivers

Publication date: October 21, 2022.

Articles referenced:

• Goldstein RD, Kinney HC, Guttmacher AE. Only Halfway There with Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2022;386(20):1873-1875. (0:44)

• MacDorman MF, Rosenberg HM. Trends in infant mortality by cause of death and other characteristics, 1960-88. Vital Health Stat 20. 1993;(20):1-57. (2:40)

• Mitchell EA, Thach BT, Thompson JMD, Williams S, for the New Zealand Cot Death Study. Changing Infants' Sleep Position Increases Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1999;153(11):1136–1141. (2:48)

• Haynes RL, Frelinger AL 3rd, Giles EK, et al. High serum serotonin in sudden infant death syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017;114(29):7695-7700. (17:20)

• Kinney HC, Haynes RL, Armstrong DD, et. al. Abnormalities of the Hippocampus in Sudden and Unexpected Death in Early Life. In: Duncan JR, Byard RW, eds. SIDS Sudden Infant and Early Childhood Death: The Past, the Present and the Future. University of Adelaide Press; 2018. (19:09)

• Koh HY, Haghighi A, Keywan C, et al. Genetic Determinants of Sudden Unexpected Death in Pediatrics. Genet Med. 2022;24(4):839-850. (22:50)

• Miller MB, Huang AY, Kim J, et al. Somatic genomic changes in single Alzheimer's disease neurons. Nature. 2022;604(7907):714-722. (30:45)

• Warland J, O'Leary J, McCutcheon H, Williamson V. Parenting paradox: parenting after infant loss. Midwifery. 2011;27(5):e163-e169. (36:10)

• Kinney HC, Richerson GB, Dymecki SM, Darnall RA, Nattie EE. The brainstem and serotonin in the sudden infant death syndrome. Annu Rev Pathol. 2009;4:517-550. (42:01)

Additional references:

• Recent article in "Inside Precision Medicine" quoting Dr. Goldstein https://bit.ly/3TzhG4j

• Back to Sleep campaign: https://safetosleep.nichd.nih.gov/activities/campaign

• https://www.childrenshospital.org/programs/roberts-program/clinician-resources

• https://undiagnosed.hms.harvard.edu/

• https://www.broadinstitute.org/

• https://medicine.uiowa.edu/humangenetics/clinical-genetics/health-care-providers

• https://www.genomeweb.com/informatics/microsoft-seattle-childrens-seek-genetic-markers-sids-through-whole-genome-sequencing#.Y1GOi-zMJqs

• https://med.nyu.edu/departments-institutes/pediatrics/divisions/clinical-genetics/pediatric-undiagnosed-diseases-program

• https://www.australiangenomics.org.au/research/the-australian-undiagnosed-diseases-network/

• https://ojrd.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13023-021-02089-5

Citation: Goldstein R, Daniel D, Wolbrink T. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. 10/22. Online Podcast. OPENPediatrics. https://youtu.be/pu-gnSCHDhw.

OPENPediatrics™ is an interactive digital learning platform for healthcare clinicians sponsored by Boston Children's Hospital and in collaboration with the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies. It is designed to promote the exchange of knowledge between healthcare providers around the world caring for critically ill children in all resource settings. The content includes internationally recognized experts teaching the full range of topics on the care of critically ill children. All content is peer-reviewed and open-access and thus at no expense to the user.

In this World Shared Practice Forum podcast, Dr. Christina VanderPluym, Co-Director of the Stroke and Cerebral Vascular Center and Medical Director of the Cardiac Anti-thrombosis Management and Monitoring Program at Boston Children’s Hospital, discusses emerging concepts in managing anticoagulation of extracorporeal support devices, with a focus on reducing complications such as hemorrhage and thrombosis. She shares her views on the therapeutic offerings currently available for anticoagulation in pediatric mechanical circulatory support, as well as insights into her own clinical practice, along with data from the pediatric ventricular assist device population.

Upon listening to this presentation, learners should be able to:

- Describe the current state of anticoagulation therapy and monitoring in pediatric extracorporeal support

- Compare the advantages and limitations of heparin and bivalirudin for pediatric anticoagulation

- Identify areas of future promise in the field of pediatric anticoagulation for extracorporeal devices

Articles referenced:

• Ghbeis, M. B., Vander Pluym, C. J., & Thiagarajan, R. R. (2021). Hemostatic Challenges in Pediatric Critical Care Medicine-Hemostatic Balance in VAD. Frontiers in pediatrics, 9, 625632. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2021.625632

• VanderPluym CJ, Cantor RS, Machado D, et al. Utilization and Outcomes of Children Treated with Direct Thrombin Inhibitors on Paracorporeal Ventricular Assist Device Support. ASAIO J. 2020;66(8):939-945. doi:10.1097/MAT.0000000000001093 (13:45)

• https://www.fda.gov/drugs/postmarket-drug-safety-information-patients-and-providers/fda-drug-safety-communication-update-follow-public-health-alert-about-changes-heparin-sodium-usp (18:05)

• Thompson K, Alred J, Deyo A, Sievert AN, Sistino JJ. Effect of New Heparin Potency on Activated Clotting Time during Pediatric Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Chart Review. J Extra Corpor Technol. 2014;46(3):224-228. (18:20)

Additional resources:

• www.actionlearningnetwork.org (26:49)

Publication date: September 22, 2022.

Citation: VanderPluym C, Daniel D, Burns JP. ECMO Anticoagulation and Thrombosis. 9/2022. Online Podcast. OPENPediatrics. https://youtu.be/y4f8NiDJp0g.

Please visit: http://www.openpediatrics.org OPENPediatrics™ is an interactive digital learning platform for healthcare clinicians sponsored by Boston Children’s Hospital and in collaboration with the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies. It is designed to promote the exchange of knowledge between healthcare providers around the world caring for critically ill children in all resource settings. The content includes internationally recognized experts teaching the full range of topics on the care of critically ill children. All content is peer-reviewed and open-access and thus at no expense to the user. For further information on how to enroll, please email: [email protected]

In this Nursing World Shared Practice Forum Podcast, Ms. Erin (Quinlan) Cashin and Ms. Jennifer Schlebusch share their knowledge of mindfulness and how it can be used as a stress-reduction tool for nurses and their patients. They review various mindfulness methods, including Reiki, and how to incorporate these tools into the hospital setting.

Following this podcast, learners will be able to:

1:36 Define Mindfulness

2:12 List the types of mindfulness

12:55 Perform a breathing technique for stress reduction

14:43 Define Reiki and explain how it is used at the bedside

Publication date: September 16, 2022

Articles Referenced:

• Zaccaro A, Piarulli A, Laurino M, et al. How Breath-Control Can Change Your Life: A Systematic Review on Psycho-Physiological Correlates of Slow Breathing. Front Hum Neurosci. 2018;12:353. 7:15)

• Jabs H, Rubik B. Detecting Subtle Energies with a Physical Sensor Array. Cosm. Hist. 2019;15(2), 171–192. (15:16)

• Bat N. The effects of reiki on heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, and stress levels: A pilot randomized, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled study. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2021;43:101328. (20:51)

Additional References:

• Rubik B. The Biological Field with Beverly Rubik (video). 2017. https://www.newthinkingallowed.org/.

• Kabat-Zinn, J. Full Catastrophe Living. Bantam Books; 2013.

• Chiesa A, Calati R, Serretti A. Does mindfulness training improve cognitive abilities? A systematic review of neuropsychological findings. Clin Psychol Rev. 2011;31(3):449-464.

• Demir Dogan M. The effect of reiki on pain: A meta-analysis [published correction appears in Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2021 Aug;44:101423]. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2018;31:384-387.

• Jain S, Mills PJ. Biofield therapies: helpful or full of hype? A best evidence synthesis [published correction appears in Int J Behav Med. 2011 Mar;18(1):79-82]. Int J Behav Med. 2010;17(1):1-16.

• Lee MS, Pittler MH, Ernst E. Effects of reiki in clinical practice: a systematic review of randomised clinical trials. Int J Clin Pract. 2008;62(6):947-954.

• Lipinski K, Van De Velde J. Reiki: Defining a Healing Practice for Nursing. Nurs Clin North Am. 2020;55(4):521-536.

• Lipinski K, Van De Velde J. Reiki, Nursing, and Health Care. Nurs Clin North Am. 2020;55(4):505-519.

• Miles P, True G. Reiki--review of a biofield therapy history, theory, practice, and research. Altern Ther Health Med. 2003;9(2):62-72.

• Wetzel, WS. Reiki healing: a physiologic perspective. J Holistic Nursing.1989;7(1): 47-54.

Citation: Quinlan E, Schlebusch J, DeGrazia M, Steadman J. Utilizing Mindfulness as a Stress Reduction Tool. 9/2022. Online Podcast. OPENPediatrics. https://youtu.be/D4mCptzkDcw.

Please visit: www.openpediatrics.org

OPENPediatrics™ is an interactive digital learning platform for healthcare clinicians sponsored by Boston Children's Hospital and in collaboration with the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies. It is designed to promote the exchange of knowledge between healthcare providers around the world caring for critically ill children in all resource settings. The content includes internationally recognized experts teaching the full range of topics on the care of critically ill children. All content is peer-reviewed and open access-and thus at no expense to the user.

For further information on how to enroll, please email: [email protected]

In this podcast, the learner will learn how to approach patients with abdominal pain including recognition of important historical features, physical examination findings, and pertinent laboratory testing and imaging studies.

Learning Objectives:

- Recognize important historical features in patients with abdominal pain

- Select physical examination maneuvers to identify specific causes of abdominal pain

- Formulate a focused differential diagnosis based on patient age, pain localization and examination findings

- Plan laboratory testing

- Identify clinical scenarios where imaging studies are warranted for the evaluation of abdominal pain

Citation: Stoeck P, Callas C, Fantasia K, Marques B, Wills K. Approach to Abdominal Pain. 09/2022. Online Video. OPENPediatrics. https://learn.openpediatrics.org/learn/course/internal/view/elearning/5265/approach-to-abdominal-pain.

Please visit: http://www.openpediatrics.org OPENPediatrics™ is an interactive digital learning platform for healthcare clinicians sponsored by Boston Children’s Hospital and in collaboration with the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies. It is designed to promote the exchange of knowledge between healthcare providers around the world caring for critically ill children in all resource settings. The content includes internationally recognized experts teaching the full range of topics on the care of critically ill children. All content is peer-reviewed and open access-and thus at no expense to the user.For further information on how to enroll, please email: [email protected]