Sleep, Airway and Mouth Breathing: An ENT’s Guide for Dentists
Could a “normal” sleep study still be missing your patient’s airway problem?
Why do women and children with real symptoms keep scoring “mild”?
Should a mouth-breathing child see a myofunctional therapist — or an ENT first?
And which four questions screen a child for sleep problems in under a minute?
The roof of the mouth is the floor of the nose — so ENT and dentistry should be in constant dialogue. In practice, they rarely are. In this one, Dr David McIntosh — an Australian ear, nose and throat surgeon with a deep niche in sleep-disordered breathing — makes the case for why that has to change, and gives dentists practical ways to screen and refer. He is direct, analogy-rich and doesn’t mince words; expect a few positions that cut against the grain of how sleep apnoea is usually handled.
https://youtu.be/QVEc0ocxTCc
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Protrusive Dental Pearl: When the Numbers Mislead
Dentists love data — the AHI, the cut-offs (over 5 is mild, over 30 is severe). But take those numbers with a pinch of salt: the thresholds are arbitrary, and a single score tells you nothing about why a patient has the problem.
They don’t account for individual variability — especially in women and children, where a mild score can sit right alongside significant symptoms. Read the number with the anatomy and the phenotype — the clinical signs and the airway assessment — never instead of them.
What You’ll Take From This Episode
This conversation reframes sleep-disordered breathing from a number on a report into something you can localise and refer.
A sleep study tells you IF, not WHY — sleep-disordered breathing is the whole spectrum; a normal study doesn’t mean normal breathing.Phenotyping the airway — map the individual anatomical causes instead of trusting a single score.Why women get missed — the gender bias built into standard adult screening tools, and what to ask instead.The four-question filter for children — snore, mouth breathe, stop breathing, wake up tired: any ‘yes’ means refer.Treat the cause before the function — why myofunctional therapy comes after the obstruction is cleared, not before, and how expansion and surgery are matched to the anatomy.Highlights of This Episode
00:00 Teaser01:00 Why ENT and Dentistry Should Be Talking02:51 Protrusive Dental Pearl: When Sleep Data Misleads You03:46 Meet the ENT Who Works With Dentists06:00 Sleep Physician, ENT or Dentist: Who Should Lead?07:26 Why Children and Adults Are Completely Different08:58 Sleep-Disordered Breathing Is Not the Same as Sleep Apnoea09:39 Why a Normal Sleep Study Doesn’t Mean Normal Breathing10:01 Same AHI, Different Cause: A Tale of Two Patients12:54 Why One Night’s Sleep Study Isn’t Enough13:44 Where the AHI Cut-Off Numbers Really Came From15:27 CPAP Explained: A Bridge, Not a Cure18:27 When Snoring Hides Something Serious19:10 What Phenotyping the Airway Actually Means20:27 Splint, CPAP, or Both?21:33 Why a CBCT Can Miss a Deviated Septum25:32 Is STOP-Bang Enough to Screen for Sleep Apnoea?26:06 Why the Epworth Sleepiness Scale Is a Blunt Tool26:50 Why STOP-Bang Is Biased Against Women31:17 Sleep Apnoea in Women: Mild on Paper, Severe in Life32:05 Midroll36:56 The Triad: Airway, TMD and Orthodontics37:12 The Three Most Common Causes of Night-Time Grinding39:41 The Four Questions That Screen a Child for Sleep Problems41:03 Tired vs Not Tired: The Sign That Changes Everything43:36 Should You Refer to Myofunctional Therapy Before an ENT?45:58 The Hidden Dangers of Forcing Nasal Breathing52:28 Maxillary Expansion vs Surgery: Which One Fixes It?54:51 How Dentists Can Assess Adenoids56:25 Save the Child First: The Drowning Analogy57:56 Where Dentistry and ENT Go From Here1:00:05 Outro – New-Look Premium Notes & CPD OutroDr David McIntosh is an ear, nose and throat surgeon (MBBS, FRACS, PhD) with a special interest in sleep-disordered breathing and airway obstruction. A self-described compulsive educator, he is the author of several books on Amazon — including dENTal health, on the connection between ENT and dental disease, and Snored to Death, on the lesser-recognised causes of obstructive sleep apnoea in adults.
References & Further Reading
Sources discussed in this episode:
Chervin RD, Hedger K, Dillon JE, Pituch KJ. Pediatric sleep questionnaire (PSQ): validity and reliability of scales for sleep-disordered breathing, snoring, sleepiness, and behavioral problems. Sleep Medicine, 2000;1(1):21–32. The 22-item PSQ; a score above 0.33 suggests sleep-disordered breathing.Loved This Episode? Try Next
Airway Dentistry with Jeff Rouse – PDP229
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This episode is eligible for 1 CE credit via the quiz on Protrusive Guidance.
This episode meets GDC Outcomes C
AGD Subject Code: 730 – Oral Medicine, Oral Diagnosis, Oral Pathology (Sleep medicine)
#PDPMainEpisodes #OralSurgeryandOralMedicine
Aim: To help dental practitioners recognise sleep-disordered breathing across the whole airway, screen adults and children appropriately, and refer at the right time and to the right clinician.
Learning Outcomes — by the end of this episode, dentists will be able to:
Differentiate sleep-disordered breathing from obstructive sleep apnoea, and explain why a normal sleep study does not exclude clinically significant breathing problems.Apply a structured screening approach for adults and children, including recognising why standard adult tools under-detect sleep-disordered breathing in women and children.Evaluate when to refer for specialist airway assessment, and articulate why addressing anatomical obstruction should precede functional (myofunctional) therapy.