Take Home Points Caustics are substances that injure tissue upon physical contact. Caustic potential is not purely a function of pH. The decision to admit is dependent on the history and physical. Vomiting, drooling, and stridor are concerning. Stridor alone or 2/3 symptoms should warrant admission and gastroenterology consultation for potential endoscopy. The lack of ... Read more

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Background Information: Opioid overdose deaths have been increasing in the past twenty years. The national number of overdose deaths from any opioid has increased 62.5% from 2019 to 2021 (from 48,000 to 81,400 annual deaths), which includes prescription opioids (natural and semi-synthetic opioids and methadone), heroin, and synthetic opioids other than methadone including fentanyl (1). Opioid ... Read more

The post REBEL Cast Ep117: Low Dose vs Standard Dose Take-Home Buprenorphine From the ED appeared first on REBEL EM - Emergency Medicine Blog.

Take Home Points The Parkland formula can be used to be a guide for initial fluid resuscitation. This is based on second- and third-degree burns (not first-degree). Utilize response to treatment as a guide to continue fluid resuscitation. Patients in fires in closed spaces for a prolonged time are at risk for airway edema and ... Read more

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Background: IV fluids are part of the standard resuscitation bundle in septic shock, however it is unclear if they provide a significant benefit. These patients can have a vasodilated vascular bed and the initial use of fluids is hypothesized to serve two purposes: Augmenting the macrovascular system (stroke volume and cardiac output) and augmenting the ... Read more

The post REBEL Cast Ep116: The CLOVERS Trial – Restrictive vs Liberal Fluids in Sepsis-Induced Hypotension appeared first on REBEL EM - Emergency Medicine Blog.

Take Home Points Many patients with renal colic require a CT scan. Diagnostic imaging should focus on eliminating concerning mimics; not on clinching the diagnosis of renal colic. POCUS and radiology department US are important modalities in evaluation of renal colic. REBEL Core Cast 101.0 – Imaging in Renal Colic Click here for Direct Download ... Read more

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Take Home Points Alcoholic Ketoacidosis (AKA) can present with significant acidemia (pH < 7.00). Despite the significant acidemia, patients with AKA can remain alert and lucid despite their severe metabolic derangement. Relying on urine ketones for diagnosis can be misleading, as acetoacetate is the primary ketone detected in the urine but not the most common ... Read more

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REBEL Core Cast 99.0 – Bundle Branch Blocks Click here for Direct Download of the Podcast Definition: Interruption of the normal conduction system leading to aberrant conduction and an abnormal QRS morphology Anatomy: At the AV node, conduction splits into the right and left bundle branches.  The left bundle branch is composed of anterior and ... Read more

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Background information: Alcohol has potentiating effects on the inhibitory GABA neurotransmission system and inhibitory effects on the excitatory glutamate neurotransmission system. Chronic alcohol use causes changes to preserve homeostasis, and when the stimulus is removed, alcohol withdrawal results due to decreased inhibition via the GABA system and increased excitation via the glutamate system. Treatment options ... Read more

The post REBEL Cast Ep115 – Phenobarbital vs Lorazepam in Alcohol Withdrawal appeared first on REBEL EM - Emergency Medicine Blog.

Take Home Points AVNRT is a common tachydysrhythmia that results from a reentrant loop within the AV node. Unstable patients with AVNRT should be considered for immediate synchronized electrical cardioversion. Stable patients with AVNRT can have a trial of vagal maneuvers followed by chemical cardioversion with adenosine or verapamil and synchronized electrical cardioversion if that ... Read more

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Take Home Points: Assess patients with floaters or flashers for retinal or vitreous detachment. Rapid diagnosis and emergency referral improves outcomes of ophthalmologic interventions. CRAO is a stroke of the eye; patients should be considered for a complete stroke work up. REBEL Core Cast 97.0 – Acute Vision Loss II Click here for Direct Download ... Read more

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