Sci Guys

You are what you eat, but does your gut microbiome have anything to do with that? This week we take a look into the science behind ADHD and the tiny microbes that may (or may not!) play a role...

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References & Further Reading
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.12.18.23300126v1
https://neurosciencenews.com/adhd-microbiome-22941/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889159123000697
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7830868/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10437823/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441838/
https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/science/microbiome
https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.1002533
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5433529/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6469458/

Narcissistic Personality Disorder is one of the most maligned and misunderstood of mental conditions, so this week we're dipping our toes into the science behind the disorder!

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References & Further Reading
https://openpsychometrics.org/tests/NPI/1.php
https://openpsychometrics.org/tests/NPI/1.php
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556001/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5819598/
https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/forefront/research-and-discoveries-articles/study-shows-narcissistic-personality-disorder-may-have-a-biological-component
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-is-narcissism-science-confronts-a-widely-misunderstood-phenomenon1/
https://www.google.com/search?gs_ssp=eJzj4tVP1zc0zDIpSSrJKy4wYPQSLU7OTM1LTlXIT1PISyxKziwuzizOBQDxCQ0z&q=science+of+narcissism&rlz=1C5CHFA_enGB727GB727&oq=science+of+narciss&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUqBwgBEC4YgAQyCggAEAAY4wIYgAQyBwgBEC4YgAQyBggCEEUYOTIHCAMQABiABDIICAQQABgWGB4yCAgFEAAYFhgeMggIBhAAGBYYHjIGCAcQRRg90gEINDI5M2owajeoAgCwAgA&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=narcissism&sort=pubdate
https://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.14060723
https://www.britannica.com/science/narcissism/Narcissistic-pathology-and-behaviour
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/personality-disorders/types-of-personality-disorder/#NarcissisticPersonalityDisorder
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/narcissistic-personality-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20366662
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7735512/

What is depression? If you're a listener there's a solid chance you already know, but there's also a good chance you'll listen anyway...

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References & Further Reading
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/depression
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/depression
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/depression-in-adults/overview/
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/depression
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/depression/causes/
https://icd.who.int/browse/2024-01/mms/en#1563440232
https://cks.nice.org.uk/topics/depression/diagnosis/assessment/
https://www.sciencenews.org/article/chemical-imbalance-explain-depression
https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/mentalhealth/articles/costoflivinganddepressioninadultsgreatbritain/29septemberto23october2022
https://www.cdc.gov/aging/depression/index.html
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/depression-in-women
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3646325/

Feeling worried? This week we're diving into the topic of Generalised Anxiety Disorder...

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References & Further Reading
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/generalised-anxiety-disorder/overview/
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/generalized-anxiety-disorder-gad
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/anxiety-and-panic-attacks/anxiety-disorders/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441870/
https://cks.nice.org.uk/topics/generalized-anxiety-disorder/diagnosis/diagnosis/
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/panic-disorder/

Check out Noah’s music!
Massive thanks to Evan for vision mixing and keeping us relatively sane: https://youtube.com/evan

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References & Further Reading
Background
https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/double-blind-study
https://www.rcpch.ac.uk/about-us/our-team/dr-hilary-cass
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2024/apr/18/hilary-cass-report-and-the-trans-rights-debate
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2024/apr/20/doctor-hilary-cass-warned-of-threats-to-safety-after-vile-abuse-over-nhs-gender-services-review
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aeY1BkCxwoI

Puberty Blockers
https://tavistockandportman.nhs.uk/news/early-intervention-study-shows-puberty-blockers-are-a-well-received-intervention-in-carefully-selected-patients/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33529227/
https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/teens/puberty/what-are-puberty-blockers
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-are-puberty-blockers-and-how-do-they-work/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9793415/
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/11/well/family/what-are-puberty-blockers.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9218488
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK547863/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9577333/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5344188/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551662/
https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM198112243052602
https://wayback.archive-it.org/7993/20170112031859/http:/www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/PostmarketDrugSafetyInformationforPatientsandProviders/ucm209842.htm

Cass Review
https://cass.independent-review.uk/
https://cass.independent-review.uk/home/publications/final-report/
file:///Users/notcorry/Desktop/CassReview_Final.pdf
https://www.england.nhs.uk/commissioning/spec-services/npc-crg/gender-dysphoria-clinical-programme/implementing-advice-from-the-cass-review/

Criticisms
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qGZ1Gfu7XXw
https://www.thepinknews.com/2022/11/03/tavistock-experts-criticise-acp-uk/
https://www.advocate.com/health/hilary-cass-nhs-report-debunked
https://stonewall.org.uk/cass-review
https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/statement-final-report-cass-review

The 5th anniversary of Sci Guys means it’s high time we spoke about marijuana. Literally… It’s high time.

Check out Noah’s music: https://tr.ee/f9DikNPhdQ
Massive thanks to Evan for vision mixing and keeping us relatively sane: https://youtube.com/evan

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@notcorry / @lukecutforth

References & Further Reading

Cannabis Background & Basics
Cannabis | WHO
https://www.who.int/teams/mental-health-and-substance-use/alcohol-drugs-and-addictive-behaviours/drugs-psychoactive/cannabis
Marijuana | History, Effects, THC, & Legality | Britannica
https://www.britannica.com/science/marijuana
Hashish | Cannabis, THC, Intoxication | Britannica
https://www.britannica.com/science/hashish
Cannabis (Marijuana) DrugFacts | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
https://nida.nih.gov/publications/drugfacts/cannabis-marijuana
What We Know About Marijuana
https://www.cdc.gov/marijuana/what-we-know.html
The Name of Cannabis: A Short Guide for Nonbotanists - PMC
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5531363/
Hemp | Description, Products, Seeds, Fiber, & Uses | Britannica
https://www.britannica.com/plant/hemp
Marijuana and the Brain - How Marijuana Works | HowStuffWorks
https://science.howstuffworks.com/marijuana3.htm
Legality of cannabis - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legality_of_cannabis

History of Cannabis
History of cannabis and the endocannabinoid system - PMC
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7605027/
On the Preparations of the Indian Hemp, or Gunjah (Cannabis Indica), Their Effects on the Animal System in Health, and Their Utility in the Treatment of Tetanus and Other Convulsive Diseases
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30161735/
Oldest evidence of marijuana use discovered in 2500-year-old cemetery in peaks of western China | Science
https://www.science.org/content/article/oldest-evidence-marijuana-use-discovered-2500-year-old-cemetery-peaks-western-china

Effects of Cannabis Use
Adverse Health Effects of Marijuana Use - PMC
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4827335/
Use of Marijuana: Effect on Brain Health: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35142225/
Edible marijuana products and potential risks for pediatric populations
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35634702/
The Scientific History of Cannabinoids | Science| Smithsonian Magazine
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/the-scientific-history-of-cannabinoids-180981561/
Health Effects | Marijuana | CDC
https://www.cdc.gov/marijuana/health-effects/index.html
How does marijuana affect the brain? Psychological researchers examine impact on different age groups over time
https://www.apa.org/monitor/2023/06/marijuana-effects-brain
Can cannabis kill? Characteristics of deaths following cannabis use in England (1998–2020) - PMC
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9716494
https://www.cancer.org/cancer/managing-cancer/treatment-types/complementary-and-integrative-medicine/marijuana-and-cancer.html
https://www.dea.gov/drug-information/drug-scheduling

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References & Further Reading
https://www.britannica.com/science/fungus
https://www.britannica.com/science/fungus
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22887928/
https://www.britannica.com/science/sclerotium
https://science.howstuffworks.com/magic-mushroom6.htm
https://www.dea.gov/sites/default/files/2020-06/Psilocybin-2020_0.pdf
https://science.howstuffworks.com/magic-mushroom6.htm
https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/substance-use/controlled-illegal-drugs/magic-mushrooms.html
https://asm.org/articles/2023/february/psilocybin-and-mental-health-the-magic-in-the-mush
https://adf.org.au/drug-facts/psilocybin/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277578/
https://idp.nature.com/authorize?response_type=cookie&client_id=grover&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fs41598-020-59282-y
https://www.standard.co.uk/news/health/trial-magic-mushrooms-psilocybin-depression-maudsley-hospital-london-b1120423.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8901083/
https://adf.org.au/insights/magic-mushrooms-medicine/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6007659/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8156539/
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2023/dec/14/magic-mushroom-use-grows-in-england-and-wales-ons-figures-show
https://www.amsterdam.info/drugs/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_status_of_psilocybin_mushrooms

This week we're talking about Molly, and Mandy, or whatever woman's name you want to call MDMA...

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References & Further Reading
https://www.history.com/topics/crime/history-of-mdma
https://nida.nih.gov/publications/research-reports/mdma-ecstasy-abuse/what-are-mdmas-effects-on-brain
https://nida.nih.gov/publications/research-reports/mdma-ecstasy-abuse/what-are-mdmas-effects-on-brain
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7878040/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jEAr7ThsYew
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538482/
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/news/newsroom/news-releases/2019/04/psychedelic-drug-mdma-may-reawaken-critical-period-in-brain-to-help-treat-ptsd
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34708874/
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-021-01336-3
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8820588/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24006318/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8639540/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482377/

People are using a diabetes drug to lose weight, but does it actually owrk? Are there any risks? Should we even be using drugs for fat loss at all?

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References & Further Reading
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562269/
https://healthmedia.blog.gov.uk/2023/09/04/accessing-wegovy-for-weight-loss-everything-you-need-to-know/
https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/129409/2/AMED.2023.9946924.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551568/
https://health.ucdavis.edu/blog/cultivating-health/ozempic-for-weight-loss-does-it-work-and-what-do-experts-recommend/2023/07
https://www.diabetes.org.uk/about-us/news-and-views/ozempic-and-weight-loss-facts-behind-headlines
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/22/well/ozempic-diabetes-weight-loss.html
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38300808/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38230266/
https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ta875/chapter/2-Information-about-semaglutide
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=laPaezEsteI
https://www.who.int/health-topics/obesity#tab=tab_3
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/obesity/
https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/what-is-diabetes/type-2-diabetes
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/type-2-diabetes/symptoms/
https://www.pewresearch.org/science/2024/02/26/how-americans-view-weight-loss-drugs-and-their-potential-impact-on-obesity-in-the-u-s/
https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a618008.html
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/type-1-diabetes/about-type-1-diabetes/what-is-type-1-diabetes/

Use code SCIGUYS at the link below to get an exclusive 60% off an annual Incogni plan: https://incogni.com/SCIGUYS

Alexithymia is the inability to understand or recognise emotions, so this week Noah joins us to talk about his feelings...

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References & Further Reading
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8456171/
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-suffolk-64253360
https://neuro.psychiatryonline.org/doi/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.14070169
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6056680/
https://www.britannica.com/science/emotion/The-structure-of-emotions
https://www.sciencefocus.com/the-human-body/what-are-emotions
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7005782/