The Dissenter

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Dr. Ian Gilligan is Honorary Associate Professor in the Department of Archaeology of the University of Sydney. He graduated in psychology (UNSW) and medicine (Sydney University) before studying prehistoric archaeology (Sydney University) and biological anthropology (PhD ANU). He specializes in the origin of clothing and the role of textiles in the transition to agriculture. He also has an interest in traditional clothing in Aboriginal Australia, particularly in Tasmania during the last ice age. In addition, he explores the wider psychological and philosophical aspects of wearing clothes. He’s also the author of the recent book Climate, Clothing, and Agriculture in Prehistory: Linking Evidence, Causes, and Effects (2018).

In this episode, we talk about the evolution of clothing and the adoption of agriculture in human societies. First, we talk about hypotheses as to how our naked skin might have evolved, and when in our evolutionary history we started wearing clothes and the environmental factors that favored its development. We also briefly refer to the limitations in terms of the information we can derive from studies on modern hunter-gatherers, if we’re trying to learn more about how our species evolved and how people behaved back in the Pleistocene. We go through the differences between simples and complex clothing (the latter includes textile clothing), and also between clothing based on animal skin and fur and clothing based on textiles. Then, we discuss the ways by which clothing might have played a causal role in the adoption of agriculture and making it the center of our economy, the problems that early agricultural societies went through, and also why we domesticated animals. We finish off by talking about the psychological and social aspects of clothing, including decoration.

Time Links:

00:56 The evolution of our naked skin

07:56 When did we start wearing clothes?          

10:47 Artifacts archaeologists search for when studying clothing    

15:09 The environmental factors that favor the development of clothing        

17:22 Studying modern hunter-gatherers      

24:52 We decorated our skin before we had clothing         

28:37 Simple, complex and textile clothing     

32:20 The differences between clothing based on animal skin and fur and clothing based on textiles  

33:44 The relationship between clothing and agriculture 

38:12 Agriculture before societies that put agriculture at the center of their food economy 

42:37 The problems the agricultural societies have to deal with 

48:20 The reasons why we domesticated

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Dr. James Flynn is a world-renowned intelligence researcher, an Emeritus Professor of Political Studies at the University of Otago in Dunedin, New Zealand. He’s the author of several books, including What Is Intelligence: Beyond the Flynn Effect, Are We Getting Smarter? Rising IQ in the Twenty-First Century, and Intelligence and Human Progress: The Story of What was Hidden in our Genes.

In this episode, we talk about the scientific definitions of intelligence and IQ; IQ tests and their limitations; the Wechsler tests, and their subtests; fluid and crystallized intelligence; the limitations and prediction power of IQ tests; types of intelligence; the Flynn effect; comparing IQ of different social groups; and the relationship between science and religion and IQ.

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O Dr. James Flynn é um investigador da inteligência mundialmente reconhecido, um Professor Emérito de Estudos Políticos da Universidade de Otago, em Dunedin, Nova Zelândia. É também o autor de diversos livros, incluindo O que é a inteligência? Além do efeito Flynn, Are We Getting Smarter? Rising IQ in the Twenty-First Century, e Intelligence and Human Progress: The Story of What was Hidden in our Genes.

Neste episódio, falamos sobre as definições científicas de inteligência e QI; testes de QI e as suas limitações; os testes Wechsler, e os seus sub-testes; inteligência fluida e cristalizada; as limitações e o poder de predição dos testes de QI; tipos de inteligência; o efeito Flynn; comparações do QI entre diferentes grupos sociais; e a relação entre ciência e religião e o QI.

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Follow Dr. Flynn’s work:

Faculty page: https://www.otago.ac.nz/psychology/staff/jamesflynn.html

His books:  https://www.amazon.com/Books-James-R-Flynn/s?ie=UTF8&page=1&rh=n%3A283155%2Cp_27%3AJames%20R.%20Flynn

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A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, JUNOS, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, MIGUEL ESTRADA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JIM FRANK, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORD, AND HANS FREDRIK SUNDE!

I also leave you with the link to a recent montage video I did with the interviews I have released until the end of June 2018:

https://youtu.be/efdb18WdZUo

And check out my playlists on:

PSYCHOLOGY: https://tinyurl.com/ybalf8km

PHILOSOPHY: https://tinyurl.com/yb6a7d3p

ANTHROPOLOGY: https://tinyurl.com/y8b42r7g

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Dr. Nancy Segal is Professor of Developmental Psychology and Director of the Twin Studies Center, at California State University, Fullerton. She’s been the recipient of many awards and distinctions. She served as Assistant Director of the Minnesota Center for Twin and Adoption Research, in the Department of Psychology at the University of Minnesota, from 1985 to 1991. She’s also the author of many books, including Entwined Lives, Indivisible by Two, Someone Else's Twin, Born Together-Reared Apart, and, the latest one, Accidental Brothers: The Story of Twins Exchanged at Birth and the Power of Nature and Nurture.

The central theme of this episode is Dr. Segal’s latest book, Accidental Brothers. We start the conversation with some personal questions, about what it was for Dr. Segal to live as and have a relationship with her fraternal twin, and also what she deemed to be the most interesting findings coming from the MISTRA (Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart). Subsequent topics include: studies with identical, fraternal and virtual twins, and triplets, and what they teach us about human nature; how people express themselves more fully as they get independent from their family; the nature vs nurture dichotomy, and also nurture via nature and nature via nurture approaches; the role of chance in people’s lives; epigenetics and the prenatal environment; how behavioral genetics might inform parenting practices; and related subjects. 

Time Links:

01:08 Growing up as a fraternal twin

04:12 Findings from the MISTRA 

08:50 The Colombian virtual twins 

12:33 When twins reunite 

14:37 What happens when people get independent from their family 

17:11 Passive gene-environment correlations 

18:46 Nature vs nurture 

21:03 Does genetics set upper limits to our potential? 

23:33 Have twins studies a WEIRD effect? 

25:22 The role of chance in children’s development

27:21 Twin studies and parental uncertainty

29:29 Studies with triplets

30:55 Epigenetics

33:38 Prenatal environment

34:36 Diversity in human societies

40:11 Nurture via nature

41:07 Behavioral genetics and parenting practices

46:23 Follow Dr. Segal’s work

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Follow Dr. Segal’s work:

Faculty page: http://psych.fullerton.edu/nsegal/

Personal website: http://drnancysegaltwins.org/

Twitter handle: @nlsegal

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A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, JUNOS, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, MIGUEL ESTRADA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JIM FRANK, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORD, AND HANS FREDRIK SUNDE!

I also leave you with the link to a recent montage video I did with the interviews I have released until the end of June 2018:

https://youtu.be/efdb18WdZUo

And check out my playlists on:

PSYCHOLOGY: https://tinyurl.com/ybalf8km

PHILOSOPHY: https://tinyurl.com/yb6a7d3p

ANTHROPOLOGY: https://tinyurl.com/y8b42r7g 

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Dr. Robert Boyd has a Ph.D. in Ecology, by the University of California-Davis. He is Professor of the School of Human Evolution and Social Change (SHESC) at Arizona State University (ASU). He’s also the author of several books including How Humans Evolved, Culture and the Evolutionary Process, and Not By Genes Alone.

In this episode, we talk about dual inheritance theory; how climate fluctuations during the Pleistocene accentuated the importance of culture in human evolution; cultural adaptations and maladaptations; the role of imitation, learning, guided variation, and biased transmission in cultural evolution; the prestige bias, and the frequency-dependent bias; and group selection in cultural and genetic evolution.

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O Dr. Robert Boyd é doutorado em Ecologia, pela Universidade da Califórnia-Davis. É professor da Escola de Evolução Humana e Mudança Social (SHESC) da Arizona State University (ASU). É também o autor de vários livros, incluindo How Humans Evolved, Culture and the Evolutionary Process, e Not By Genes Alone.

Neste episódio, falamos sobre a dual inheritance theory; o papel que as flutuações climáticas durante o Pleistoceno tiveram na acentuação da importância da cultura na evolução humana; adaptações e más adaptações culturais; o papel da imitação, da aprendizagem, da variação guiada, e da transmissão enviesada na evolução cultural; o viés do prestígio, e o viés dependente da frequência; e seleção de grupo na evolução cultural e genética.

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Follow Dr. Boyd’s work:

Faculty page: https://isearch.asu.edu/profile/1952328

His books:  https://www.amazon.com/Robert-Boyd-PhD/e/B001IQWOF4

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A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, JUNOS, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, MIGUEL ESTRADA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JIM FRANK, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORD, AND HANS FREDRIK SUNDE!

I also leave you with the link to a recent montage video I did with the interviews I have released until the end of June 2018:

https://youtu.be/efdb18WdZUo

And check out my playlists on:

PSYCHOLOGY: https://tinyurl.com/ybalf8km

PHILOSOPHY: https://tinyurl.com/yb6a7d3p

ANTHROPOLOGY: https://tinyurl.com/y8b42r7g

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Dr. Richard Haier is Professor Emeritus in the Pediatric Neurology Division of the School of Medicine at University of California, Irvine. He is also the editor-in-chief of the journal Intelligence since 2016. In 1994, he was one of 52 signatories on "Mainstream Science on Intelligence," an editorial written by the American psychologist Linda Gottfredson and published in the Wall Street Journal, which summarized findings from intelligence research. His work on the parieto-frontal integration theory (P-FIT) with Rex Jung examines the neuroanatomy of intelligence based on neuro-imaging research. He’s also the author of the book “The Neuroscience of Intelligence” (2016).

In this episode, we talk about psychometrics and intelligence. First, Dr. Haier explains what psychometrics is about, and how and why we can reliably measure psychological traits. Then, we discuss what intelligence is, the relationship between general intelligence, the g factor and IQ; the limitations of IQ testing; the correlation between IQ and life outcomes; genetic and environmental factors in IQ. We also refer to the neuroscience of intelligence, and the aspects of the brain that go associated with IQ. We also get into controversial aspects of intelligence research, like sex differences and race differences. We finish up by talking about the differences between human general intelligence and artificial intelligence, and the impact that these systems might have in society.

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Follow Dr. Haier’s work:

Faculty page: https://bit.ly/2OD0BGY

Website: http://www.richardhaier.com/ 

Articles on Researchgate: https://bit.ly/2SzQEdx

Twitter handle: @rjhaier

The Neuroscience of Intelligence: https://amzn.to/2WB2feZ

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A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, MIGUEL ESTRADA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JIM FRANK, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORD, HANS FREDRIK SUNDE, BRIAN RIVERA, ADRIANO ANDRADE, YEVHEN BODRENKO, SERGIU CODREANU, ADAM BJERRE, JUSTIN WATERS, ŁUKASZ STAFINIAK AND AIRES ALMEIDA!

A SPECIAL THANKS TO MY FIRST PRODUCER, Yzar Wehbe!

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Dr. Ian Crawford is Professor of Planetary Science and Astrobiology at Birkbeck College, University of London. His research activities mostly lie in the fields of space exploration (especially lunar science and exploration), and the science of astrobiology (the search for life in the Universe).

In this episode, we talk about astrobiology and Big History. What is astrobiology, and the criteria that are used to search for life in the Universe, and also the limitations of those criteria, including the Goldilocks conditions (or the habitable zone). Also, the life forms that we should expect to find on other planets, and the places in our solar system which have the highest probabilities of hosting life. The special case of looking for intelligent life, and the many complications of it. The scientific, societal and political relevance of lunar and space exploration, and why it’s not in conflict with other human social and political endeavors. And, finally, Big History, and the relationship between astrobiology and Big History.

Time Links:

00:38 What is astrobiology?

01:41 The criteria for searching for life in the Universe          

06:15 Goldilocks conditions, or the “habitable zone”    

09:05 What extremophiles tell us about life        

11:25 The life forms we should expect to find      

17:58 Places in our solar system most likely to host life         

23:06 How to know if there was life on a planet that no longer has it     

26:17 When should we stop looking for life on a particular planet?  

29:26 The special case of intelligent life 

36:44 The scientific, societal and political relevance of lunar and space exploration 

41:47 Space exploration is not that costly

45:41 Why terraforming other planets (including Mars) is not a viable strategy to counter climate change problems

49:28 Big History and Astrobiology

56:00 Our position as humans in the Universe

58:56 Follow Dr. Crawford’s work!   

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Follow Dr. Crawford’s work:

Faculty page: https://tinyurl.com/6fc74ra

Articles on Researchgate: https://tinyurl.com/y4nywjc6

How ‘Big History’ can save the world: https://tinyurl.com/y4f5jk9p

Why looking for aliens is good for society (even if there aren’t any): https://tinyurl.com/yxhcjhww

The long-term scientific benefits of a space economy: https://tinyurl

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Mrs. Susan Pinker is a psychologist, author and social science columnist for The Wall Street Journal. She is a former weekly columnist for The Globe and Mail, and has also written for The New York Times, The Guardian, and The Times of London. Her first book, The Sexual Paradox, was awarded the William James Book Award in 2010 and was published in 17 countries. Her most recent book, The Village Effect, was a Canadian bestseller and an Apple 2014 nonfiction best pick. Her work has been featured in The Economist, The Financial Times, and Der Spiegel.

In this episode, we talk about both of her books, and focusing particularly on the reasons behind men and women’s choices in terms of academic paths and professional and career choices; the gender pay gap, and the many factors that go into it; the fragilities and strengths of men and women; the gender equality paradox; the importance of socialization; how face-to-face communication contributes to the stability of social bonds; Sardinian villages, the island of Okinawa, and what we can learn from traditional societies and traditional ways of living; the poverty of digital communication; and the societal benefits of religion.

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A Sra. Susan Pinker é uma psicóloga, autora e colunista de ciência social do The Wall Street Journal. Foi uma colunista semanal para o The Globe and Mail, e também escreveu para o The New York Times, o The Guardian, e o The Times of London. O seu primeiro livro, O Paradoxo Sexual, foi galardoado com o William James Book Award em 2010 e publicado em 17 países, incluindo Portugal. O seu livro mais recente, The Village Effect, foi um bestseller canadiano e recebeu o Apple 2014 nonfiction best pick. O seu trabalho apareceu no The Economist, no The Financial Times, e no Der Spiegel. 

Neste episódio, falamos sobre ambos os seus livros, com foco particular nas razões por detrás das escolhas de homens e mulheres em termos de percurso académico e escolhas profissionais e de carreira; as diferenças salariais entre homens e mulheres, e os diversos fatores por detrás; as fragilidades e forças de homens e mulheres; o paradoxo da igualdade de género; a importância da socialização; como a comunicação cara-a-cara contribui para a estabilidade das ligações sociais; aldeias sardenhas, a ilha de Okinawa, e o que podemos aprender com sociedades tradicionais e seu modo de vida; a pobreza da comunicação digital; e os benefícios sociais da religião.

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Follow Susan Pinker’s work:

Website: https://www.susanpinker.com/

Her books: https://www.amazon.com/Books-Susan-Pinker/s?ie=UTF8&page=1&rh=n%3A283155%2Cp_27%3ASusan%20Pinker

Livro O Paradoxo Sexual: https://www.wook.pt/livro/o-paradoxo-sexual-susan-pinker/10395332

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A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, JUNOS, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, MIGUEL ESTRADA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JIM FRANK, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORD, AND HANS FREDRIK SUNDE!

I also leave you with the link to a recent montage video I did with the interviews I have released until the end of June 2018:

https://youtu.be/efdb18WdZUo

And check out my playlists on:

PSYCHOLOGY:

------------------Support the channel------------

Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/thedissenter

PayPal: paypal.me/thedissenter

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Twitter: https://twitter.com/TheDissenterYT

Luís Ricardo é doutorado em Liderança Educacional, e tem experiência como professor e como responsável técnico/comercial em empresas. Publicou vários artigos sobre liderança e é autor dos livros “O Líder e a Liderança”, “O Fim do Líder”, e “O Líder Charlatão”.

Neste episódio, focamo-nos no seu livro mais recente, “O Líder Charlatão”, e falamos sobre liderança e o que é ser líder. Discutimos também a componente inata e circunstancial da liderança; se um líder o pode ser de forma isolada ou se depende da sua rede social; os aspetos positivos dos vários tipos de liderança, incluindo a liderança autoritária; e o que é ser um líder charlatão.

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Luís Ricardo has a phD in Educational Leadership, and experience as a high school and university professor and as a commercial technician in several companies. He has published articles on leadership and is the author of the books “O Líder e a Liderança” [“Leader and Leadership”], “O Fim do Líder” [“The End of the Leader”], and “O Líder Charlatão” [“The Charlatan Leader”].

In this episode, we focus on his latest book, “The Charlatan Leader”, and we talk about leadership and what it means to be a leader. We discuss the innate and circumstantial components of leadership; if someone can be a leader in isolation or if he always depends on his social network; the positive aspects of the several types of leadership, including authoritarian leadership; and what it is to be a charlatan leader.

Time Links:

01:05 O que é um líder?

04:00 Aspetos inatos e circunstanciais da liderança 

09:28 Liderança em primatas 

12:08 Pode um líder sê-lo de forma isolada? 

18:18 Liderança autoritária tem aspetos positivos 

23:15 O que é o líder charlatão? 

27:10 Egoísmo e altruísmo 

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Livros de Luís Ricardo:

O Líder Charlatão: https://www.wook.pt/livro/o-lider-charlatao-luis-ricardo/19551735

O Líder e a Liderança: https://www.fnac.pt/O-Lider-e-a-Lideranca-Luis-Ricardo/a809255

O Fim do Líder: https://www.wook.pt/livro/o-fim-do-lider-luis-ricardo/17436870

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A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, JUNOS, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, MIGUEL ESTRADA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JIM FRANK, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORD, AND HANS FREDRIK SUNDE!

I also leave you with the link to a recent montage video I did with the interviews I have released until the end of June 2018:

https://youtu.be/efdb18WdZUo

And check out my playlists on:

PSYCHOLOGY: https://tinyurl.com/ybalf8km

PHILOSOPHY: https://tinyurl.com/yb6a7d3p

ANTHROPOLOGY: https://tinyurl.com/y8b42r7g

------------------Support the channel------------

Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/thedissenter

PayPal: paypal.me/thedissenter

------------------Follow me on---------------------

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/thedissenteryt/

Twitter: https://twitter.com/TheDissenterYT

Dr. Barbara Webb first studied Psychology at the University of Sydney. She obtained her PhD in Artificial Intelligence from the University of Edinburgh in 1993, where she is now part of the School of Informatics as Professor of Biorobotics.

In this episode, we talk about embodied cognition; the role played by the physical structure of the body; the importance of centralized processing of information in living systems; the interplay between the body and the environment; embodied cognition in the development of AI systems; how AI allows for us to better understand natural cognition; and related topics.

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A Dra. Barbara Webb começou por estudar Psicologia na Universidade de Sidney. Obteve o seu doutoramento em Inteligência Artificial pela Universidade de Edinburgh em 1993, onde faz agora parte da Escola de Informática como Professora de Biorrobótica. 

Neste episódio, falamos sobre cognição incorporada; o papel desempenhado pela estrutura física do corpo; a importância do processamento centralizado de informação em sistemas vivos; a relação entre corpo e ambiente; cognição incorporada no desenvolvimento de sistemas de IA; como a IA nos permite compreender melhor a cognição natural; e tópicos relacionados.

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Follow Dr. Webb’s work:

Faculty page: http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/bwebb/

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A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, JUNOS, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, MIGUEL ESTRADA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JIM FRANK, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORD, AND HANS FREDRIK SUNDE!

I also leave you with the link to a recent montage video I did with the interviews I have released until the end of June 2018:

https://youtu.be/efdb18WdZUo

And check out my playlists on:

PSYCHOLOGY: https://tinyurl.com/ybalf8km

PHILOSOPHY: https://tinyurl.com/yb6a7d3p

ANTHROPOLOGY: https://tinyurl.com/y8b42r7g 

------------------Support the channel------------

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SubscribeStar: https://www.subscribestar.com/the-dissenter

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Dr. Jay Belsky is Robert and Natalie Read Dorne Professor of Human Development in the Department of Human Ecology and Program in Human Development at the University of California, Davis. Professor Belsky is an internationally recognized expert in the field of child development and family studies. His areas of expertise include the effects of day care, parent-child relations during the infancy and early childhood years (including attachment), the transition to parenthood, the etiology of child maltreatment and the evolutionary basis of parent and child functioning. Dr. Belsky's research is marked by a focus upon fathers as well as mothers, marriages as well as parent-child relations, and naturalistic home observations of family interaction patterns. He is a founding and collaborating investigator on the NICHD Study of Child Care and Youth Development (US) and The National Evaluation of Sure Start (UK). He is the author of more than 300 scientific articles and chapters and the author/editor of several books.

In this episode, we talk about childhood and attachment theory. We start off by talking about the evolutionary and ecological bases of parent-offspring relationships, including parent-offspring conflict, and the different evolved strategies of attachment. We also discuss modern attachment theory, and the main differences between it and classical attachment theory as developed first by John Bowlby, how it relates to life history theory, and the several different attachment styles that we have, including secure/autonomous, avoidant/dismissing, resistant/preoccupied, and disorganized. In the second part of the interview we also refer to parent-offspring conflict and child maltreatment; the risks and benefits of daycare; and differential susceptibility in children to different life circumstances during their development and different parenting styles.

Time Links:

01:22 The evolutionary bases of parent-offspring relationships

04:51 Different evolved strategies of attachment          

07:10 Are people maladapted to our modern environments?   

10:29 The factors behind how people develop attachment styles        

13:33 Modern attachment theory and the differences between it and classical attachment theory, as developed by John Bowlby      

17:08 Attachment theory and life history theory          

22:43 Attachment styles     

27:53 The importance of individual differences in children  

31:07 Child maltreatment 

36:47 The risks and benefits of daycare

41:52 Differential susceptibility in children

52:26 Follow Dr. Belsky’s work!