The brain is like a car engine. It has the “hardware”, all of the physical parts, and the “liquids”, the neurotransmitters that make it work. Constant interruptions from alerts, messages and calls from smartphones, mess with the brain liquids. That distraction is called the “switch cost” because it creates a different chemistry in our brain. It happens like this. We’re focusing on one thing and then, there’s that tone or ring, and we switch away from the task at hand and then, we return to the task. The “switch cost” is big, robbing us of 40% of our efficiency. Our brain stays on high alert, waiting for the next tone, alert or call. When it happens, we get little surges of cortisol, the stress hormone, and the heart beats faster, and muscles tighten. Be aware of how these forces impact your family’s health and may cause addiction to the seductive smartphone.