In this episode of the VSL Aviation Podcast, Seth takes a deep dive into high altitude operations, breaking down FAA requirements, oxygen systems, and cabin pressurization from both a technical and checkride prep perspective. Whether you're a Commercial, CFI, or ATP applicant, you'll gain practical insight on: • The types of oxygen systems you’ll encounter in GA aircraft • How to calculate oxygen requirements for your flight • FAA Part 91.211 rules and what “if installed” really means on a checkride • Physiological risks of flying without oxygen above 10,000 feet • Best practices for maintaining and using onboard oxygen systems • Real-world stories, Q&A, and prep tips for earning your high altitude endorsement Plus, Seth outlines how to use AC 61-107B as a ready-made lesson plan and shares additional resources including the FAA’s O2 brochure, SkyOx system specs, and pressurization system maintenance best practices. 💬 Join the conversation in the Discord companion thread, ask questions live, and get featured on the next show.

Show Links: High Altitude Operations: https://www.faa.gov/sites/faa.gov/files/other_visit/aviation_industry/airline_operators/training/Appendix_3-E_HighAltOperations.pdf Airline Upset Recovery: https://www.faa.gov/sites/faa.gov/files/other_visit/aviation_industry/airline_operators/training/AP_UpsetRecovery_Supplement.pdf AC 61-107B: https://www.faa.gov/documentLibrary/media/Advisory_Circular/AC_61-107B_CHG_1_FAA.pdf High Altitude Endorsement: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-14/part-61/section-61.31#p-61.31(g) FAA Oxygen Equipment Info: https://www.faa.gov/pilots/safety/pilotsafetybrochures/media/oxygen_equipment.pdf Aerox Pamphlet: https://www.aerox.com/content/2022%20Use%20and%20care%20-%20Sky-ox.pdf Reddit Question: https://www.reddit.com/r/flying/s/yQOTAo3yNd Oxygen in General Aviation Paper: https://www.faa.gov/sites/faa.gov/files/data_research/research/med_humanfacs/oamtechreports/AM66-28.pdf Discord Server Link: https://discord.gg/46zt3N8ckx Chapters: 00:00 Introduction to High Altitude Operations 02:47 Understanding Oxygen Systems 06:08 Pressurization Systems Explained 09:02 Training and Resources for High Altitude Operations 11:57 Physiological Effects of High Altitude Flight 14:47 Flight Planning for High Altitude Operations 17:53 Oxygen Delivery Systems in Aviation 20:38 Calculating Oxygen Requirements 24:02 Human Physiology at High Altitude 42:30 Understanding Altitude and Physiology 44:55 Hypoxia: Causes and Effects 52:16 Monitoring and Managing Hypoxia 01:01:48 Oxygen Systems and Maintenance 01:09:30 Emergency Procedures and Best Practices

In this episode of the VSL Aviation Podcast, host Seth Lake interviews Nick Adcock, a designated pilot examiner (DPE) with a rich background in military and commercial aviation. They discuss common pitfalls applicants face during checkrides, including logbook issues, airworthiness checks, and the importance of preparation. Nick shares insights on the oral exam, highlighting knowledge gaps and stress management techniques. The conversation also covers challenges during flight tests, particularly in pattern work and decision-making, as well as common mistakes seen during instrument checkrides. Overall, the episode emphasizes the importance of thorough preparation and understanding of regulations to ensure a successful checkride experience. takeaways Preparation is key to reducing stress during checkrides. Logbook audits should be done before the test. Airworthiness checks require a compliance list for ADs. Applicants often forget basic knowledge from private pilot training. Situational awareness is crucial during pattern work. Decision-making should be the applicant's responsibility during tests. Understanding the ACS is essential for success. Common mistakes include improper handling of procedure turns. Communication with ATC during instrument checkrides is important. A positive attitude can enhance the checkride experience. Chapters: 00:00 Introduction to Checkride Insights 01:47 Common Checkride Pitfalls 06:13 Logbook and Endorsement Essentials 11:36 Airworthiness and Compliance Checks 18:18 Navigating the Oral Exam 24:13 Flight Planning and Alternate Requirements 26:07 Understanding Alternate Planning in Aviation 30:16 The Importance of Conversational Checkrides 36:33 Navigating Pattern Entry and Situational Awareness 40:40 Instrument Checkride Challenges and Best Practices

In this episode of the VSL Aviation Podcast, host Seth interviews Adam Boyd, a designated pilot examiner (DPE) with extensive experience in aviation. They discuss the importance of preparation for check rides, common pitfalls applicants face, and the significance of briefings and debriefings. Adam shares insights on airworthiness, endorsements, and the oral exam process, emphasizing the need for instructors to teach students effectively. The conversation also covers flight maneuvers, instrument rating challenges, and multi-engine procedures, highlighting the critical skills necessary for success in aviation training.

Editor’s Note: At 49:54, Adam stated there is "no high altitude endorsement." What he meant to say is that there is no high elevation endorsement. His point was that pilots who primarily operate at sea level may not receive adequate training on high density altitude operations, and there is no regulatory requirement mandating such training. The takeaway: if you don’t feel proficient in a particular environment or task, seek additional training—regardless of your certificate level.

Takeaways

Preparation is key for check rides. Briefings and debriefings enhance learning. Airworthiness knowledge is essential for pilots. Endorsements must be clear and accurate. Understanding weather is crucial for instrument pilots. Energy management is vital for commercial maneuvers. Teaching should focus on real-world applications. Instructors must prepare students for unexpected scenarios. Calmness in emergencies can save lives. The future of aviation depends on quality training.

Chapters: 00:00 Introduction to Check Ride Insights 01:48 Examining Experience and Background 03:45 Preparing for Check Rides 10:05 Effective Teaching Techniques for CFIs 15:08 Learning Through Examination 18:04 Importance of Paperwork 22:03 Understanding Endorsements 32:09 Airworthiness and Safety in Aviation 37:23 Understanding Airworthiness and Pilot Responsibility 38:19 Navigating Weather as an Instrument Pilot 42:04 Icing Conditions and Instrument Ratings 44:25 Commercial Pilot Expectations and Energy Management 46:47 Multi-Engine Performance and Decision Making 50:34 Correlation in Flight Training and Maneuvers 56:48 Examining Flight Maneuvers and Instructor Responsibilities 01:02:28 Instrument Approaches and Adaptability in Flight 01:08:05 Engine Shutdown Procedures and Calm Decision Making

In the premiere episode of Checkride Insights, Seth sits down with Tom Guillebeau, a seasoned Designated Pilot Examiner and C-130 instructor pilot with the Arkansas Air National Guard. Tom shares his journey from mowing lawns for flying lessons to becoming a military evaluator, and gives practical advice for checkride applicants—from setting expectations to avoiding the most common mistakes. Whether you're prepping for your first ride or sharpening your CFI game, this conversation is packed with insight.

✅ Common issues DPEs see on checkrides ✅ What examiners really expect from applicants ✅ The value of clear communication and scenario thinking

This series is part of the VSL Aviation Podcast and supports the FAA’s national CFI–DPE Forum initiative. Chapters:

00:00 Introduction to Check Ride Insights

02:51 Common Check Ride Pitfalls

06:43 Understanding Aircraft Systems

12:17 The Importance of Decision Making

19:58 Personal Minimums and Safety

32:44 Final Thoughts and Resources

33:13 Navigating Gusty Conditions

35:16 Personal Minimums and Risk Management

38:03 Cancellation Policies and Student Preparedness

40:38 Examiner Flexibility and Weather Challenges

43:18 Maneuvers and Flight Skills

44:17 Pilotage and Dead Reckoning

46:54 Stalls and Slow Flight Techniques

53:06 Emergency Procedures and Checklists

56:18 Ballistic Parachute Systems and Safety

01:00:07 Final Thoughts and Preparation Tips

In this episode of the VSL Aviation Podcast, Seth dives deep into the often-misunderstood topic of personal minimums—how to build them, stick to them, and apply them on checkride day. Using FAA guidance and practical examples, he outlines real-world risk management techniques, including when to cancel a flight and how to safely mitigate marginal weather.

He also covers the training and testing requirements for Part 135 operators, breaking down the key differences between 293, 297, and 299 checks. Whether you're planning to move into a 135 role or preparing for your next checkride, this episode has the insights you need.

Finally, the episode wraps with a lively Q&A session covering:

    Eights on pylons tips

    Diversions and checkride discontinuations

    Handling fuel leaks on test day

    What ADM concepts are often overlooked

    Proper decision-making around inop equipment

    Whether you can build time in experimentals

    And much more...

🛠️ Tools & References:

    ACS personal minimums sections

    FAA Risk Management Handbook (Ch. 2)

    Advisory Circular 91-67A

    FAA Safety Briefing (Mar/Apr 2015 edition)

Check the VSL Discord for links to all referenced materials and join the ongoing discussion.

Chapters:

00:00 Setting Personal Minimums for Pilots

22:49 Understanding Risk Management in Aviation

29:55 Exploring Part 135 Training

30:23 Preparing for Part 135 Cargo Interviews

34:13 Understanding Part 135 Regulations and Checkrides

38:02 Navigating Checkride Procedures and Diversions

40:26 Communicating in Congested Airspace

43:44 Inoperative Equipment and Risk Management

49:01 Differences in Pre-flight Assessments

52:19 Aeronautical Decision Making in Training

56:07 Memorization vs. Reference in Aviation

59:56 Weekly Recap and Community Engagement

This is Episode 5 in the Decoding the ACS series, where we break down the Airman Certification Standards one task at a time.

In this episode, we cover Area of Operation I, Task E: National Airspace System. Whether you're preparing for your Private Pilot, Commercial Pilot, or CFI checkride, this session explains how this task is tested across all three levels—with a focus on scenario-based evaluation using ForeFlight.

You’ll learn how to:

    Interpret ACS objectives at all certificate levels

    Plan routes through Class B, C, D, E, and G airspace

    Evaluate MOAs, TFRs, and Part 93 Special Airspace

    Use ForeFlight’s aeronautical and profile tools

    Apply risk management in real-world flight planning

    Understand Special VFR rules and limitations

We also highlight useful FAA references, online courses, and tips for briefing airspace scenarios effectively on a checkride.

Referenced tools and documents are linked in the ACE Guide.

Chapters:

02:29 Objective Differences  

04:57 Knowledge Topics  

08:58 Risk Management  

10:00 Skill Requirements  

15:18 Scenario Flight Planning

16:10 ForeFlight Tools  

16:31 MOA Avoidance  

16:31 Restricted Airspace  

26:37 SATR & SAFR  

27:04 Flyway Charts  

30:34 Training Courses  

33:09 Airspace Examples  

37:24 Class C & ADS-B  

40:42 Class B & Clearance  

47:48 Special VFR

In this live Q&A edition of the VSL Aviation Podcast, host Seth Lake dives into a wide range of topics submitted by the aviation community. From the myths around required CFI ground training hours to advice on whether getting your MEI is worth the investment, Seth provides practical, experience-based insights. He also tackles how to avoid inadvertently participating in illegal charter ops, how commercial pilots can understand operator responsibility, and answers listener questions about time-building, hypoxia training, and spatial disorientation.

If you're a student pilot, a CFI, or a seasoned commercial pilot brushing up on the regs, this episode is packed with value. Don’t miss the tips on interpreting Part 135 eligibility and how to recover after a long flying hiatus.

• Misunderstandings around minimum CFI ground training hours

• How to validate endorsements with AC 61-65J

• Clarification on operational control vs. holding out (AC 120-12A)

• What Part 119.1(e) actually allows without a certificate

• Tips on checking if an aircraft is listed under a Part 135 certificate

• Cost/benefit analysis of pursuing an MEI

• How to maintain continual learning as a pilot

• FAA CAMI training options: hypoxia chamber, PROTE, vestibular illusions

• Time-building strategies that airlines value

• Stage check failures: how to report and recover

• Advice for applicants to the DPE program

• Instrument checkride failure from altimeter misreading

• Transitioning back to flying after a year-long break

• Risk of complacency in experienced pilots

In this episode, we celebrate new pilot certifications 🎉, tackle common logbook questions 📘, explain how ForeFlight sources winds aloft 🌬, and clarify cross-country time rules 🗺. We also walk through a real listener landing scenario at KVNY 🛬, give a quick weather symbol refresher 🌦, cover what to do if ADS-B is inoperative 📡, and answer listener questions ❓. Stick around to the end for shout-outs and closing notes!

👉 Join the Discord for more discussions: vsl.aero 🎧 Subscribe on your favorite podcast app!

⏰ Chapters

00:00 🎙 Episode Introduction & Shout-outs

02:16 🎉 Celebrating New Pilot Certifications

03:42 📘 Logging PIC Time: Common Questions

06:22 🌬 How ForeFlight Sources Altitude Winds

09:44 🗺 Who Can Log Cross-Country Time

18:42 🛬 Listener Landing Scenario at KVNY

24:27 🌦 Quick Refresher on Weather Symbols

26:40 📡 ADS-B Inop

30:30 ❓ Q & A

➤ Join the Discord: https://discord.gg/46zt3N8ckx

➤ FAA ADS-B Deviation Tool: https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/technology/equipadsb/adapt

➤ UND Magneto Trainer: https://aero.und.edu/aviation/current-students/trainers.html

➤ ForeFlight Winds Aloft Article: https://support.foreflight.com/hc/en-us/articles/203313449-How-are-winds-aloft-used-in-NavLog-calculations

➤ FAA Legal Interpretations (Gebhart, Hillard):  Gebhart: https://drs.faa.gov/browse/excelExternalWindow/FAA000000000LEGALINTPR2009024PDF.0001

Hillard:  https://drs.faa.gov/browse/excelExternalWindow/FAA000000000LEGALINTPR2009033PDF.0001

In this week's episode of the VSL Aviation Podcast, we dig into three real-world flying topics pilots must know:

    Runway Excursion Mitigation: A deep dive into Advisory Circular 91-79B, how to avoid overruns, and a real-world discussion led by Ryan Bow about common landing errors and risk factors.

    Non-Standard Climb Gradients: Learn how to spot non-standard missed approach climb requirements, how to calculate if your aircraft can meet them, and why ignoring climb gradients is reckless even under Part 91 operations.

    Weather Radar Layers Explained: Understand the differences between composite radar and lowest tilt radar on ForeFlight, and how they impact your decision-making in-flight.

As always, we wrap up with a live Q&A from Discord and YouTube covering logbook tips, Starlink for in-flight weather, advice for new commercial pilots, and power-off 180 strategies.

🔗 Join our free Discord for exclusive podcast companion threads, Q&A access, and a trusted CFI network: https://vsl.aero

Available on YouTube, Apple Podcasts, Spotify, and wherever you get your podcasts.

Chapters:

00:00 – Introduction

03:33 – AC 91-79B: Runway Excursion Mitigation Overview

12:41 – Guest Discussion with Ryan Bow on Landing Risk Factors

15:50 – Applying Runway Excursion Risk Management to GA

18:48 – Understanding Precision vs Accuracy in Landings

24:40 – Non-Standard Climb Gradients Explained (RAIL Approach Example)

32:19 – Objective Area Analysis with ForeFlight

37:44 – Radar Layers: Composite vs Lowest Tilt on ForeFlight

46:18 – Live Q&A: Logbook Comments, Starlink for Weather, Networking for Low-Time Pilots

52:36 – Commercial Checkride Tips: Power-Off 180s and Flap/Slip Techniques

57:45 – IFR Taildragger Training Challenges

59:47 – How to Get a Tower Tour (Operation Raincheck Discussion)

01:02:22 – Closing and Aftershow Invitation

Links: Link to Discord: https://vsl.aero

FAA AC 91-79B https://www.faa.gov/documentLibrary/media/Advisory_Circular/AC_91-79B_FAA.pdf

FAA Weather Handbook https://www.faa.gov/regulationspolicies/handbooksmanuals/aviation/faa-h-8083-28a-aviation-weather-handbook

FAA Safety Team website: https://www.faasafety.gov

Optional: Link to the Part 135 operator list download if you want to include that too https://www.faa.gov/about/officeorg/headquartersoffices/avs/faa-certificated-aircraft-operators-legal-part-135-holders

This week on the VSL Aviation Podcast, Seth dives into three major topics that affect pilots across the training and professional spectrum. First, he breaks down the difference between wet and dry leases — why it's critical to understand operational control, how to avoid illegal charter situations, and what lease paperwork needs to be in place. Then he addresses a crucial question: should you get a second opinion before a checkride? (Spoiler: Yes.) Finally, he tackles a deep-dive into manifold pressure gauge requirements, clearing up widespread confusion using ECFR archives and FAA history.

Other topics include:

    Tips for MEI and Commercial Multi Add-On Checkrides

    Minimum takeoff fuel logic for commercial ops

    Partial panel IFR approaches: realistic failures

    Required checkride stall scenarios and types of hypoxia

    Thoughts on aviation YouTube channels

    Scenario-based checkride prep advice

Join us live on YouTube or Discord next time, and submit your own questions at https://vsl.aero!

Discord: https://discord.gg/YnkV4pxm

Chapters:

00:00 – Intro & John’s Co-Host Introduction

03:10 – Wet Lease vs Dry Lease Explained

12:48 – How Lease Agreements Can Protect You from Certificate Action

14:36 – Truth-in-Leasing Questions Pilots Should Ask

17:32 – Why Every Student Pilot Needs a Second Opinion Before a Checkride

22:12 – Virtual Mock Checkrides & New Coaching Services

23:26 – Manifold Pressure: Who Needs the Gauge and Why

28:02 – How Turbochargers & Superchargers Actually Work

41:46 – Using Historical ECFR to Find Manifold Requirements

50:20 – MEI and Multi Add-On Checkride Tips

01:01:32 – Logging Approaches: VMC vs IMC Clarified

01:03:46 – Commercial Checkride Scenario: Minimum Takeoff Fuel

01:10:46 – Partial Panel: What’s Realistic Today?

01:16:20 – Stalls in Turns vs Straight Flight – What the ACS Requires

01:18:47 – Hypoxia Types: What You Actually Need to Know

01:21:00 – Closing Thoughts & Post-Show Discord Hangout

Links:

Truth in Leasing – AC 91-37B https://www.faa.gov/documentLibrary/media/Advisory_Circular/AC_91-37B.pdf

Flying Light Twins Safely https://www.faasafety.gov/files/notices/2015/Nov/FAA_P-8740-66.pdf

Airplane Flying Handbook – Chapter 13 (Multi-engine operations) https://www.faa.gov/sites/faa.gov/files/regulations_policies/handbooks_manuals/aviation/airplane_handbook/14_afh_ch13.pdf

FAA Info for Operators 150-12 (IFR Approach Logging) https://www.faa.gov/sites/faa.gov/files/other_visit/aviation_industry/airline_operators/airline_safety/InFO15012.pdf