Think Out Loud

 In 2023, the FDA approved the first gene therapies to help treat people with sickle cell disease. The treatment is for patients 12 years and older, but what if you could use this technology before someone is born? That’s what some researchers, and others, believe is the hope for the future. The idea is to use CRISPR, a technology used to edit the genes of living beings, during in vitro fertilization. It is much easier said than done, but could be possible in theory. Ashley Smart is the associate director of the Knight Science Journalism Program at MIT. He is also a senior editor at Undark and reported on embryonic gene editing for the publication. He joins us to share how these treatments and technologies might work, as well as the current challenges and limitations.

An explosion on April 26, 1986 at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Ukraine, which was then a part of the Soviet Union, resulted in the worst nuclear disaster in history. Massive amounts of radioactive material spewed into the atmosphere. At least 30 people were killed. A Chernobyl Exclusion Zone was established and today remains largely uninhabited with lingering radioactive contamination. 

To mark the 40th anniversary of the disaster, a free concert is being held tomorrow night at Portland State University. The concert is being organized by Inna Kovtun, a Ukrainian singer, folklorist and ethnomusicologist who settled in Portland four years ago with her daughter after the Russian invasion of Ukraine. “Chornobyl: A Song Never Silenced” showcases the folklore and music traditions of Polissia, the region in northern Ukraine which is home to Chernobyl, or Chornobyl, as it’s known in Ukraine. 

The concert features performances by Kovtun and her friends, Nadia Tarnowsky, a Ukrainian American Fulbright researcher in Ukrainian folk songs who lives in Cleveland; and Hanna Tishchenko, a Ukrainian folk singer who lives in Chicago. Kovtun and Tarnowsky join us for a discussion and a studio performance with Tishchenko.

Researchers in Washington state have found that about a third of the local coyotes studied have a species of tapeworm. These can be passed to dogs, and in rare instances humans. These parasites are also present in foxes and other canid urban wildlife. Domestic dogs can also contract them, and it can be years before the symptoms of the severe disease they cause are detected, making diagnosis and treatment difficult. In rare instances, dogs can spread the tapeworms to humans. We talk with Yasmine Hentati, the study’s lead author who recently got her doctorate in environmental and forest science from the University of Washington. She shares more about these parasites and the relative risks for people and dogs.

Anya Tyson is the Oregon Sagebrush Sea Program Director for The Nature Conservancy, which helped create the maps. She joins us to share more

The Portland Trail Blazers will face off against the Phoenix Suns tonight in the NBA play-in tournament, which kicks off today. The Blazers ended the NBA regular season on Sunday with a 42-40 record and are the number 8 seed in the Western Conference. If they beat the Suns, the Blazers would make it to the NBA playoffs for the first time in five years. But even if the Blazers lose tonight, they could still punch their ticket to the playoffs with a victory over the winner of the Los Angeles Clippers and Golden State Warriors play-in game. 

Mike Richman is the host of the “Locked on Blazers” podcast. He joins us to preview tonight's game and recap the major developments of the Blazers’ season.

Beginning April 1, two of Oregon’s largest utilities increased their rates for residential customers. Portland General Electric raised rates by 5%, and Pacific Power’s rates went up by nearly 3%. These rate hikes are on top of others in recent years — since 2020, PGE’s residential rates have gone up nearly 60%.

Usually, rate increases arise in November, but due to the Fairness & Affordability in Residential Energy Act, passed last year, utilities can no longer increase rates during winter months, when utility costs are often at their peak. However, this April rate hike has hit at another challenging time for consumers, with gas prices in Oregon soaring due to the war in Iran.

We'll hear details about these increases from Kristin Sheeran, the Vice President of Policy and Sustainability for PGE, and Bob Jenks, the executive director of the Oregon Citizens’ Utility Board.

 In Jennifer Lincoln’s work as an obstetrics hospitalist, she met many new parents who were fearful and felt uninformed about the labor and delivery process, even when arriving at the hospital for their own births. She’s quick to note, however, that this gap in understanding isn’t due to patients being lazy, or their lack of interest in learning, but due to brief prenatal visits and the often overburdened system of maternal healthcare in the U.S.

A 2024 report by March of Dimes, a nonprofit focused on maternal and infant health, found that over 35% of counties in the U.S. are considered maternity care deserts, and labor and delivery units are being stretched thin, especially in rural areas.

Lincoln was finding that patients weren’t given enough time with their healthcare providers to dive into all questions about the complexities of the labor and delivery process, and often turned to resources like TikTok and Instagram to hear from other mothers and get their questions answered. 

Her work as an obstetrician and ability to distill complex topics on reproductive and maternal care led Lincoln to write “The Birth Book: An OB-GYN’s Guide to Demystifying Labor and Delivery.” She joins us to discuss the book which covers the labor and delivery experience from prenatal visits to postpartum care.

Som Subedi’s daughter, a fifth-grader, was concerned about attending her soccer practice for fear of Immigration and Customs Enforcement officials raiding the public practices and games. She was worried her father would be targeted by ICE officers. Subedi assured her daughter that he is, in fact, a U.S. citizen, by showing her his Real I.D. card and passport.

Subedi is originally from Bhutan, and after spending nearly twenty years in a refugee camp in Nepal, he moved to Portland in 2008 and eventually obtained citizenship. Upon seeing his identification, his daughter was still convinced that because of her father’s appearance and accent, she wouldn’t be able to see him after her soccer practice was over.

This inspired Subedi to organize the recent Refugee and Immigrant Girls’ World Cup Soccer Tournament, inviting the young athletes to compete in a safe environment, as fear and anticipation of federal immigration enforcement activity has burdened youth sports across the U.S.

Subedi joins us to share more about the tournament, and his efforts to remove cultural, linguistic and financial barriers for immigrant and refugee youth and create a safe and welcoming environment for them.

 Over the last year, prediction markets have grown into a multibillion-dollar industry. Prediction markets, such as sites like Polymarket, Kalshi and Robinhood, allow bettors to put down money on the likelihood of an event happening — including for political races in Oregon. Market sites show users are placing their bets on who the Republican candidate will be for Oregon’s governor. OPB politics reporter Dirk Vanderhart covered this story. He joins us to share more.