In this episode, Jess and Sarah welcome Dr. Ashely Alker, an emergency medicine physician and author of '99 Ways to Die,' to discuss critical public health challenges. The scientists explore the intersection of vaccination, misinformation, and preventable deaths, drawing on Dr. Alker's clinical experiences and research. They examine the powerful role of storytelling in medical communication and how narrative can help convey complex health information effectively. Throughout the conversation, the experts address the dangers posed by health misinformation and emphasize the importance of public awareness in preventing avoidable deaths. The episode offers listeners valuable insights into emergency medicine perspectives on public health while highlighting strategies for improving health communication and combating misinformation.

Watch the conversation on YouTube: https://youtu.be/Gq6hDxSlYts

(00:00) Intro & Public Health Update

(05:52) What Is A News Item That Caught Your Attention And Why?

(08:04) 99 Ways To Die

(10:37) How Did You Decide Which Cases Made The Book?

(13:20) What Was Your Most Bizarre Or Shocking Case?

(15:02) The Risks Of Butt Stuff

(16:43) What Is The Most Misunderstood Medical Emergency?

(20:02) Can This Book Save A Life?

(23:17) Underestimated and Overestimated Dangers In Everyday Life

(26:18) Correcting Medical Misconceptions In Media

(29:40) What's the harm of medical myths and entertainment and social media?

(31:43) What Is Giving Hope In Public Health?

99 Ways To Die: And How To Avoid Them on Amazon: https://amzn.to/493Hd0A

Substack https://aalkermd.substack.com/

LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/in/ashely-alker-b9b32869/

Facebook https://www.facebook.com/people/Ashely-Alker-MD/100039489626191/

TikTok https://www.tiktok.com/@aalkermd

Bluesky https://bsky.app/profile/aalkermd.bsky.social

Instagram https://www.instagram.com/aalkermd/?hl=en

X https://x.com/aalkermd

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Interested in advertising with us? Please reach out to [email protected], with “Unbiased Science” in the subject line.

PLEASE NOTE: The discussion and information provided in this podcast are for general educational, scientific, and informational purposes only and are not intended as, and should not be treated as, medical or other professional advice for any particular individual or individuals. Every person and medical issue is different, and diagnosis and treatment requires consideration of specific facts often unique to the individual. As such, the information contained in this podcast should not be used as a substitute for consultation with and/or treatment by a doctor or other medical professional. If you are experiencing any medical issue or have any medical concern, you should consult with a doctor or other medical professional.

Further, due to the inherent limitations of a podcast such as this as well as ongoing scientific developments, we do not guarantee the completeness or accuracy of the information or analysis provided in this podcast, although, of course we always endeavor to provide comprehensive information and analysis. In no event may Unbiased Science or any of the participants in this podcast be held liable to the listener or anyone else for any decision allegedly made or action allegedly taken or not taken allegedly in reliance on the discussion or information in this podcast or for any damages allegedly resulting from such reliance. The information provided herein do not represent the views of our employers.

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this episode, Jess and Sarah discuss the current state of bird flu, particularly H5N1, with expert Dr. Chad Costley. They explore the implications of recent CDC updates, the evolution of viruses, and the innovative development of intranasal vaccines. The conversation highlights the importance of addressing vaccine misinformation and the potential for a universal flu vaccine, emphasizing the need for continued public health efforts and the role of dedicated scientists in combating misinformation.

Watch the conversation on YouTube: https://youtu.be/-Vlb14O_BeA

(00:00) Intro & Public Health Update

(03:07) What Is A News Item That Caught Your Attention And Why?

(04:20) What Is Bird Flu?

(07:11) How Could Bird Flu Become A Worst Case Scenario?

(10:02) Exiting Research On A Possible Bird Flu Vaccine

(13:38) Technology Behind The New Vaccine Candidate

(17:43) Importance of Adjuvants

(20:48) Where Does The New H5 Vaccine Stand In Development?

(24:21) The Idea Of A Universal Flu Vaccine

(29:25) What Is Giving Hope In Public Health?

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-64686-3

https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2025/11/06/3182263/0/en/BlueWillow-Biologics-Intranasal-Bird-Flu-Vaccine-Shows-Signs-of-Broad-Immune-Response-in-Phase-I-Clinical-Trial-Published-in-Nature-Communications.html

https://www.linkedin.com/in/chad-costley-a631a8164/

https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/avian-influenza-bird-flu/preliminary-human-bird-flu-case-reported-washington-state

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Interested in advertising with us? Please reach out to [email protected], with “Unbiased Science” in the subject line.

PLEASE NOTE: The discussion and information provided in this podcast are for general educational, scientific, and informational purposes only and are not intended as, and should not be treated as, medical or other professional advice for any particular individual or individuals. Every person and medical issue is different, and diagnosis and treatment requires consideration of specific facts often unique to the individual. As such, the information contained in this podcast should not be used as a substitute for consultation with and/or treatment by a doctor or other medical professional. If you are experiencing any medical issue or have any medical concern, you should consult with a doctor or other medical professional.

Further, due to the inherent limitations of a podcast such as this as well as ongoing scientific developments, we do not guarantee the completeness or accuracy of the information or analysis provided in this podcast, although, of course we always endeavor to provide comprehensive information and analysis. In no event may Unbiased Science or any of the participants in this podcast be held liable to the listener or anyone else for any decision allegedly made or action allegedly taken or not taken allegedly in reliance on the discussion or information in this podcast or for any damages allegedly resulting from such reliance. The information provided herein do not represent the views of our employers.

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this episode, Jess and special guest co-host Dr. Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph welcome Dr. Susan Kressly, President of the American Academy of Pediatrics, for an in-depth discussion about the future of pediatric healthcare. The scientists explore the urgent need to redesign healthcare systems to prioritize prevention and wellness rather than reactive treatment. Dr. Kressly shares valuable insights on building trust between pediatricians and parents, addressing the critical challenges facing healthcare delivery today. The conversation examines vaccine confidence issues while emphasizing the importance of human-centered approaches to medical care. Throughout the episode, the experts highlight both the obstacles and opportunities in pediatric healthcare, offering a hopeful vision for creating better health outcomes for children and supporting families more effectively in navigating the complex healthcare landscape.

Watch the conversation on YouTube: https://youtu.be/X8Bil_aW2UA

(00:00) Intro

(02:15) What Is A News Item That Caught Your Attention And Why?

(06:54) Supporting Pediatricians In A Challenging Environment

(09:14) How Can Parents Navigate Today's Healthcare System?

(13:56) Vaccine Hesitancy Report Findings

(16:05) Building Trust In Vaccination And Healthcare

(26:22) Hope That Healthcare Is Improving?

(29:59) What Is Giving Hope In Public Health?

https://aap.org

https://healthychildren.org

https://www.pewresearch.org/science/2024/11/14/public-trust-in-scientists-and-views-on-their-role-in-policymaking/

https://www.pewresearch.org/science/2025/11/18/how-do-americans-view-childhood-vaccines-vaccine-research-and-policy/

https://www.instagram.com/p/DRNCjgwko6u/

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Interested in advertising with us? Please reach out to [email protected], with “Unbiased Science” in the subject line.

PLEASE NOTE: The discussion and information provided in this podcast are for general educational, scientific, and informational purposes only and are not intended as, and should not be treated as, medical or other professional advice for any particular individual or individuals. Every person and medical issue is different, and diagnosis and treatment requires consideration of specific facts often unique to the individual. As such, the information contained in this podcast should not be used as a substitute for consultation with and/or treatment by a doctor or other medical professional. If you are experiencing any medical issue or have any medical concern, you should consult with a doctor or other medical professional.

Further, due to the inherent limitations of a podcast such as this as well as ongoing scientific developments, we do not guarantee the completeness or accuracy of the information or analysis provided in this podcast, although, of course we always endeavor to provide comprehensive information and analysis. In no event may Unbiased Science or any of the participants in this podcast be held liable to the listener or anyone else for any decision allegedly made or action allegedly taken or not taken allegedly in reliance on the discussion or information in this podcast or for any damages allegedly resulting from such reliance. The information provided herein do not represent the views of our employers.

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

On this episode of the pod, Jess and Sarah welcome Dr. Ashley Lerman, a pediatric dentist, to explore the contentious topic of fluoride in public health. The scientists examine both the benefits and risks of fluoride use, particularly its critical role in preventing cavities and supporting oral health in children. Dr. Lerman provides expert insights into recent public debates surrounding water fluoridation while discussing hydroxyapatite as an emerging alternative. Throughout the conversation, the experts address important health equity considerations related to dental care access and fluoride availability. The episode emphasizes the importance of evidence-based discussions about fluoride's role in public health while acknowledging the complexities of balancing benefits, risks, and equitable access to preventive dental care.

Video available on YouTube: https://youtu.be/Zve0E3F-1T0

(00:00) Intro and Public Health Update

(04:20) What Is A News Item That Caught Your Attention And Why?

(05:43) The F Word. Fluoride In The News

(09:06) What Is Fluoride Exactly?

(09:56) Does Fluoride Cause A Reduction In IQ??

(13:52) Case Studies In Community Water Fluoridation

(17:16) What Is Hydroxyapatite?

(19:17) Fluoride vs Hydroxyapatite

(23:17) The Impact Of Fluoride On IQ In Children

(26:08) Other Fluoride Myths/Concerns

(29:23) What Is Fluorosis?

(30:46) What Is Giving Hope In Public Health?

https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/28/well/utah-fluoride-ban.html

https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-acts-protect-children-unapproved-fluoride-drug-products

https://www.fda.gov/media/189413/download

https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/11/well/fda-fluoride-supplements-kids-doctors.html

https://www.kff.org/other-health/water-fluoridation-in-the-u-s-the-federal-role-in-policy-and-practice/

https://www.aan.com/PressRoom/Home/PressRelease/5290

https://yourfirstgrin.com/

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Interested in advertising with us? Please reach out to [email protected], with “Unbiased Science” in the subject line.

PLEASE NOTE: The discussion and information provided in this podcast are for general educational, scientific, and informational purposes only and are not intended as, and should not be treated as, medical or other professional advice for any particular individual or individuals. Every person and medical issue is different, and diagnosis and treatment requires consideration of specific facts often unique to the individual. As such, the information contained in this podcast should not be used as a substitute for consultation with and/or treatment by a doctor or other medical professional. If you are experiencing any medical issue or have any medical concern, you should consult with a doctor or other medical professional.

Further, due to the inherent limitations of a podcast such as this as well as ongoing scientific developments, we do not guarantee the completeness or accuracy of the information or analysis provided in this podcast, although, of course we always endeavor to provide comprehensive information and analysis. In no event may Unbiased Science or any of the participants in this podcast be held liable to the listener or anyone else for any decision allegedly made or action allegedly taken or not taken allegedly in reliance on the discussion or information in this podcast or for any damages allegedly resulting from such reliance. The information provided herein do not represent the views of our employers.

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

While we're taking a Thanksgiving holiday break this week, we’re excited to share a special episode of Nice Genes! from our friends at Genome BC. 

Our very own Jess joins Dr. Kaylee Byers as they dive into the fascinating world of wastewater surveillance. Along the way, they enlist a seasoned “poo detective,” Dr. Natalie Prystajecky, who wades through some wastewater 101, and how sewage can tip us off to disease outbreaks before symptoms even start. Then, Dr. Yemisi Bokinni brings the investigation to the not-so-small town of Makoko, Nigeria, where a new genome sequencing lab is chasing an old culprit: polio.

From your neighborhood sewers to global health and future pandemics, we're using genomics to identify poo dunnit.

For more episodes like this one, follow Nice Genes! wherever you listen.

Episode Resources

1. Wastewater Surveillance– BC Centre for Disease Control

2. Wastewater surveillance tells a quiet story of polio’s return– BMJ

3. Nigeria’s polio battleground'– Nature

4. Makoko: ‘Venice of Lagos’– SmartCities Dive

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this episode, Jess and Sarah welcome Dr. Joe Schwarcz, a renowned chemist and science communicator, to explore a range of current scientific topics. The scientists discuss a recent infant formula recall and the FDA's removal of black box warnings from estrogen products, providing context for these regulatory decisions. Dr. Schwarcz addresses the complexities of nutrition research, debunking common misconceptions about superfoods and food additives while emphasizing the importance of understanding food safety. Throughout the conversation, the experts examine the challenges of effective science communication in an era of widespread misinformation. The episode underscores the critical need for improved public science education and clearer communication strategies to help people navigate complex health and safety information in their daily lives.

Video available on YouTube: https://youtu.be/0kvnw6eE_2I

(00:00) Intro and Public Health Update

(03:41) What Is A News Item That Caught Your Attention And Why? (Removing Black Box Warning From Estrogen Products)

(07:45) The Problem With The Blanket Approach To Ultraprocessed Foods

(11:47) Better Not Burn Your Toast - Dr Joe's New Book

(15:29) The Importance (And Challenge) Of Science Communication

(22:39) Risk Approach Vs. Hazard Approach

(26:51) Are SuperFoods Real?

(30:45) What Is Giving Hope In Science And Public Health?

https://ecwpress.com/products/better-not-burn-your-toast

Better Not Burn Your Toast: The Science of Food and Health on Amazon

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Interested in advertising with us? Please reach out to [email protected], with “Unbiased Science” in the subject line.

PLEASE NOTE: The discussion and information provided in this podcast are for general educational, scientific, and informational purposes only and are not intended as, and should not be treated as, medical or other professional advice for any particular individual or individuals. Every person and medical issue is different, and diagnosis and treatment requires consideration of specific facts often unique to the individual. As such, the information contained in this podcast should not be used as a substitute for consultation with and/or treatment by a doctor or other medical professional. If you are experiencing any medical issue or have any medical concern, you should consult with a doctor or other medical professional.

Further, due to the inherent limitations of a podcast such as this as well as ongoing scientific developments, we do not guarantee the completeness or accuracy of the information or analysis provided in this podcast, although, of course we always endeavor to provide comprehensive information and analysis. In no event may Unbiased Science or any of the participants in this podcast be held liable to the listener or anyone else for any decision allegedly made or action allegedly taken or not taken allegedly in reliance on the discussion or information in this podcast or for any damages allegedly resulting from such reliance. The information provided herein do not represent the views of our employers.

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this episode, Jess and Sarah welcome Dr. Jerome Adams, former US Surgeon General, to discuss critical public health challenges facing the nation. The scientists explore the complex issues of vaccine hesitancy and health misinformation, examining how declining trust in federal health institutions has shaped public health outcomes. Dr. Adams emphasizes the importance of empathetic approaches when addressing parental vaccine concerns and highlights the vital role of local health authorities in building community trust. The conversation covers practical public health measures like hand hygiene while discussing innovative opportunities to improve health communication through technology and youth engagement. Throughout the episode, the experts offer insights into rebuilding public confidence in health institutions and adapting communication strategies for an evolving information landscape. And after getting some questions since the last episode, Jess and Sarah also make a clarification about hand sanitizer usage at the end of this week's episode.

Video available on YouTube: https://youtu.be/XiXHdkUsMyg

(00:00) Intro and Public Health Update

(04:13) What Is A News Item That Caught Your Attention And Why?

(07:05) Are Certain Groups More Susceptible To Vaccine Myths?

(11:08) What About Parents Who Are Concerned About The Link Between Vaccines And Autism?

(14:22) Expanding The Blame? The Evolution Of Health Misinformation

(18:55) The Confusion Over Current Vaccine Recommendations

(23:17) Where Can Clinicians Go For Keeping Up With The Changes In Guidance?

(25:04) Ripple Effect Of Declining Vaccine Confidence

(27:11) What Is Giving Hope Right Now In Public Health And Science?

(30:32) Clarification On Hand Sanitizer Usage From Last Week's Episode

http://stm.sciencemag.org/lookup/doi/10.1126/scitranslmed.aar6115

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Interested in advertising with us? Please reach out to [email protected], with “Unbiased Science” in the subject line.

PLEASE NOTE: The discussion and information provided in this podcast are for general educational, scientific, and informational purposes only and are not intended as, and should not be treated as, medical or other professional advice for any particular individual or individuals. Every person and medical issue is different, and diagnosis and treatment requires consideration of specific facts often unique to the individual. As such, the information contained in this podcast should not be used as a substitute for consultation with and/or treatment by a doctor or other medical professional. If you are experiencing any medical issue or have any medical concern, you should consult with a doctor or other medical professional.

Further, due to the inherent limitations of a podcast such as this as well as ongoing scientific developments, we do not guarantee the completeness or accuracy of the information or analysis provided in this podcast, although, of course we always endeavor to provide comprehensive information and analysis. In no event may Unbiased Science or any of the participants in this podcast be held liable to the listener or anyone else for any decision allegedly made or action allegedly taken or not taken allegedly in reliance on the discussion or information in this podcast or for any damages allegedly resulting from such reliance. The information provided herein do not represent the views of our employers.

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this episode, Jess and Sarah welcome Dr. Jomana Musmar to examine the critical and growing threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The scientists explore alarming global statistics and the far-reaching implications of AMR for public health systems worldwide. Dr. Musmar emphasizes the urgent need for coordinated international responses, improved diagnostic capabilities, and enhanced patient advocacy in addressing this challenge. Throughout the conversation, the experts discuss the vital role healthcare professionals play in combating resistance while highlighting the importance of public awareness and proactive measures. The episode provides listeners with essential insights into one of the most pressing threats facing modern medicine and the collective action required to address it effectively.

Video available on YouTube: https://youtu.be/_RQMTmmG-qU

(00:00) Intro and Public Health Update

(06:56) What Is A News Item That Caught Your Attention And Why?

(12:03) Antimicrobial Resistance and Super Bugs

(18:35) Responses Globally and In The U.S.

(20:22) Is Hand Sanitizer Good or Bad??

(21:57) Overusing Antibiotics: Virus vs Bacteria

(27:17) "Nightmare" Bacteria And A Shoutout To ER Physicians

(33:46) What Is Giving Hope In Public Health And Science?

https://strategiccoalitions.com/

www.linkedin.com/in/jomanamusmar

www.advisorsofglobalhealth.com

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Interested in advertising with us? Please reach out to [email protected], with “Unbiased Science” in the subject line.

PLEASE NOTE: The discussion and information provided in this podcast are for general educational, scientific, and informational purposes only and are not intended as, and should not be treated as, medical or other professional advice for any particular individual or individuals. Every person and medical issue is different, and diagnosis and treatment requires consideration of specific facts often unique to the individual. As such, the information contained in this podcast should not be used as a substitute for consultation with and/or treatment by a doctor or other medical professional. If you are experiencing any medical issue or have any medical concern, you should consult with a doctor or other medical professional.

Further, due to the inherent limitations of a podcast such as this as well as ongoing scientific developments, we do not guarantee the completeness or accuracy of the information or analysis provided in this podcast, although, of course we always endeavor to provide comprehensive information and analysis. In no event may Unbiased Science or any of the participants in this podcast be held liable to the listener or anyone else for any decision allegedly made or action allegedly taken or not taken allegedly in reliance on the discussion or information in this podcast or for any damages allegedly resulting from such reliance. The information provided herein do not represent the views of our employers.

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this episode, Jess and Sarah welcome Dr. Seth Berkley, a leading public health expert, to examine pressing global health security challenges. The scientists explore the concerning resurgence of preventable diseases and the critical role of vaccination programs in protecting populations. Dr. Berkley shares insights on lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic, addressing persistent issues of vaccine inequity and hesitancy across different communities. The conversation tackles the troubling rise of anti-science legislation and the erosion of public trust in scientific institutions, while also examining the tensions between individual health freedom and collective public health responsibility. Throughout the episode, the experts offer both sobering assessments of current challenges and hopeful perspectives on future advancements in global health and scientific progress.

Video available on YouTube: https://youtu.be/Pv-sFW8--Mo

(00:00) Intro and Public Health Update

(04:01) What Is A News Item That Caught Your Attention And Why?

(08:44) Dr. Berkley's Work During The Covid-19 Pandemic

(12:33) How Likely Is It That We Have Another Pandemic Type Situation?

(25:17) Vaccine Inequity Vs. Hesitancy

(20:50) Vaccine Recommendations And Availability

(25:29) The Role Of Sanitation In Disease Control

(28:38) The Bigger Picture Of Public Health In America

(31:40) Philosophical Perspectives On Health And Freedom

(36:04) What Is Giving Hope In Public Health And Science?

https://www.linkedin.com/in/sethberkley/

https://www.ucpress.edu/books/fair-doses

Fair Doses: An Insider's Story of the Pandemic and the Global Fight for Vaccine Equity on Amazon

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aea7053

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Interested in advertising with us? Please reach out to [email protected], with “Unbiased Science” in the subject line.

PLEASE NOTE: The discussion and information provided in this podcast are for general educational, scientific, and informational purposes only and are not intended as, and should not be treated as, medical or other professional advice for any particular individual or individuals. Every person and medical issue is different, and diagnosis and treatment requires consideration of specific facts often unique to the individual. As such, the information contained in this podcast should not be used as a substitute for consultation with and/or treatment by a doctor or other medical professional. If you are experiencing any medical issue or have any medical concern, you should consult with a doctor or other medical professional.

Further, due to the inherent limitations of a podcast such as this as well as ongoing scientific developments, we do not guarantee the completeness or accuracy of the information or analysis provided in this podcast, although, of course we always endeavor to provide comprehensive information and analysis. In no event may Unbiased Science or any of the participants in this podcast be held liable to the listener or anyone else for any decision allegedly made or action allegedly taken or not taken allegedly in reliance on the discussion or information in this podcast or for any damages allegedly resulting from such reliance. The information provided herein do not represent the views of our employers.

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this episode, Jess and Sarah welcome pediatrician Dr. Diane Arnaout to explore the challenges of modern parenting in an era of information overload. The scientists examine how parents navigate conflicting advice and widespread misinformation about infant health and safety. Dr. Arnaout addresses the nuanced realities of infant feeding, providing evidence-based perspectives on both breastfeeding and formula feeding while challenging common misconceptions. Throughout the conversation, the experts emphasize the critical importance of clear, accessible healthcare communication and the invaluable role of trusted medical providers in supporting parents. The episode offers listeners practical insights into pediatric care while highlighting the need for compassionate, science-based guidance in parenting decisions.

Video available on YouTube: https://youtu.be/Quu0KdWoF4A

(00:00) Intro and Public Health Update

(05:53) What Is A News Item That Caught Your Attention And Why?

(09:42) What Should I Have In My House In Terms Of Baby First Aid & Emergency Care

(17:03) How Can We Help Protect Babies From Measles, Etc. Before They Are Old Enough To Get Vaccines?

(25:17) How Can A Newborn's Body Handle All The Vaccines At Once?

(32:25) Pediatrician's Perspective: Breastfeeding vs Bottle Feeding

(39:36) What Is Giving Hope Right Now In Science/Public Health?

https://www.instagram.com/drdianearnaout/

https://www.facebook.com/DrDianeArnaout/

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Interested in advertising with us? Please reach out to [email protected], with “Unbiased Science” in the subject line.

PLEASE NOTE: The discussion and information provided in this podcast are for general educational, scientific, and informational purposes only and are not intended as, and should not be treated as, medical or other professional advice for any particular individual or individuals. Every person and medical issue is different, and diagnosis and treatment requires consideration of specific facts often unique to the individual. As such, the information contained in this podcast should not be used as a substitute for consultation with and/or treatment by a doctor or other medical professional. If you are experiencing any medical issue or have any medical concern, you should consult with a doctor or other medical professional.

Further, due to the inherent limitations of a podcast such as this as well as ongoing scientific developments, we do not guarantee the completeness or accuracy of the information or analysis provided in this podcast, although, of course we always endeavor to provide comprehensive information and analysis. In no event may Unbiased Science or any of the participants in this podcast be held liable to the listener or anyone else for any decision allegedly made or action allegedly taken or not taken allegedly in reliance on the discussion or information in this podcast or for any damages allegedly resulting from such reliance. The information provided herein do not represent the views of our employers.

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices