As you can imagine, much changed in European economic life and technology between 1450 and 1650. Here I cover many of the most relevant transformations that would alter European life in the Early Modern Period.

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In this episode, we discuss major political and cultural changes in Early Modern Europe.

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We begin our overview of Early Modern Europe with a close look at the year 1450. That is the year when most textbooks begin the era. Today we explore the changes in society, the economy, politics, and technology that make the 1450 essential for understanding how far Europeans had come since the depths of the Middle Ages.

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Ivan's reign ends as it began, with needless death and destruction. Ivan appears powerless to resist Lithuanian advances but is more than capable of murdering his son and heir. 

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Ivan creates a new government and takes his anger out on the citizens of Novgorod. 

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Ivan goes on campaign against Kazan and the guardrails start coming off. 

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Ivan IV assumes the throne after a twelve-year regency. It does not take him long to earn his nickname. 

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Before we jump into Ivan the Terrible (Ivan IV), let's catch up on the Rus.

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Charles and Buckingham go on an adventure to Spain which ends, spoiler alert, horribly. The Thirty Years War erupts in Germany. But James does not live to see it reach a fever pitch. 

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James I desperately wanted to marry his son, Charles, to the Spanish Princess. However, when his son-in-law, Frederick of the Palatinate, becomes embroiled in what will become the Thirty Years War, that goal seems more and more distant by the minute.

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