For two centuries, popes led a forbidden faith from the shadows of the Roman Empire. This episode explores how bishops like Telesphorus, Anicetus, and Callistus maintained church cohesion despite imperial persecution, navigating both external threats and internal theological conflicts. From Telesphorus's martyrdom to the baptismal controversies under Stephen I, these underground leaders created administrative and doctrinal frameworks that would prepare the church for its eventual emergence from the catacombs.
For two centuries, popes led a forbidden faith from the shadows of the Roman Empire. This episode explores how bishops like Telesphorus, Anicetus, and Callistus maintained church cohesion despite imperial persecution, navigating both external threats and internal theological conflicts. From Telesphorus's martyrdom to the baptismal controversies under Stephen I, these underground leaders created administrative and doctrinal frameworks that would prepare the church for its eventual emergence from the catacombs
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