The recent conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq have demonstrated that body armor
has led to increase survival of combatants but the extremity injuries have been
alarming. The increased numbers of extremity injuries have led to the necessity for
new technologies in managing complex war wounds. Unique characteristics of a
war theater such as environmental contamination, varying evacuation procedures
and differing levels of medical care, add to this complexity.
Wartime injuries are frequently high-energy wounds that devitalize and contaminate
tissue, with high risk for infection and wound complications. In modern warfare
wounds involve in many cases the musculoskeletal system and therefore military
orthopaedic surgeons have assumed a pivotal role in the frontline treatment of
these injuries. Providing battlefield orthopaedic care poses special challenges; not
only are many wounds unlike those encountered in civilian practice:�