• The Roman emperor Nero marries Claudia Octavia.
• Odo of Aquitaine defeats the Moors in the Battle of Toulouse.
• Duccio's Maestà, a seminal artwork of the early Italian Renaissance, is unveiled and installed in Siena Cathedral in Siena, Italy.
• The Parisian Faculty of Theology fines Simon de Colines for publishing the Biblical commentary Commentarii initiatorii in quatuor Evangelia by Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples.
• Jacques Cartier is the first European to describe and map the Saint Lawrence River.
• Second Anglo-Dutch War: The Raid on the Medway by the Dutch fleet begins. It lasts for five days and results in the worst ever defeat of the Royal Navy.
• James Oglethorpe is granted a royal charter for the colony of the future U.S. state of Georgia.
• The British schooner Gaspee is burned in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island.
• Irish Rebellion of 1798: Battles of Arklow and Saintfield.
• End of the Congress of Vienna: The new European political situation is set.
• Five hundred Mormons leave Iowa City, Iowa for the Mormon Trail.
• American Civil War: Stonewall Jackson concludes his successful Shenandoah Valley Campaign with a victory in the Battle of Port Republic; his tactics during the campaign are now studied by militaries around the world.

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• Battle of Antioch: With the support of the Syrian legions, Elagabalus defeats the forces of emperor Macrinus.
• Vikings raid the abbey at Lindisfarne in Northumbria, commonly accepted as the beginning of Norse activity in the British Isles.
• Edward the Confessor becomes King of England - the country's penultimate Anglo-Saxon king.
• Richard I arrives in Acre, beginning the Third Crusade.
• Alexander Fordyce flees to France to avoid debt repayment, triggering the credit crisis of 1772 in the British Empire and the Dutch Republic.
• Laki, a volcano in Iceland, begins an eight-month eruption which kills over 9,000 people and starts a seven-year famine.
• Maximilien Robespierre inaugurates the French Revolution's new state religion, the Cult of the Supreme Being, with large organized festivals all across France.
• A group of 194 Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the mutineers of HMS Bounty, arrives at Norfolk Island, commencing the Third Settlement of the Island.
• American Civil War: Tennessee secedes from the Union.
• American Civil War: Battle of Cross Keys: Confederate forces under General Stonewall Jackson save the Army of Northern Virginia from a Union assault on the James Peninsula led by General George B. McClellan.
• Coronation of Franz Joseph as King of Hungary following the Austro-Hungarian compromise (Ausgleich).

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• Emperor Theodosius II marries Aelia Eudocia at Constantinople (Byzantine Empire).
• Pope John VIII recognizes the Duchy of Croatia under Duke Branimir as an independent state.
• Henry II, a cousin of Emperor Otto III, is elected and crowned King of Germany.
• First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins.
• Troops of the Republic of Venice capture Udine, ending the independence of the Patria del Friuli.
• Spain and Portugal sign the Treaty of Tordesillas which divides the New World between the two countries.
• The Petition of Right, a major English constitutional document, is granted the Royal Assent by Charles I and becomes law.
• Port Royal, Jamaica, is hit by a catastrophic earthquake; in just three minutes, 1,600 people are killed and 3,000 are seriously injured.
• Richard Henry Lee presents the "Lee Resolution" to the Continental Congress. The motion is seconded by John Adams and will lead to the United States Declaration of Independence.

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• Battle of Novara. In the Italian Wars, Swiss troops defeat the French under Louis II de la Trémoille, forcing them to abandon Milan; Duke Massimiliano Sforza is restored.
• Swedish regent Gustav Vasa is elected King of Sweden and, marking a symbolic end to the Kalmar Union, 6 June is designated the country's national day.
• Swedish Queen Christina abdicated her throne in favour of her cousin Charles Gustav and converted to Catholicism.
• In the Seven Years' War, British forces begin the Siege of Havana and temporarily capture the city.
• The Battle of Stoney Creek, considered a critical turning point in the War of 1812. A British force of 700 under John Vincent defeats an American force twice its size under William Winder and John Chandler.
• Alexis St Martin is accidentally shot in the stomach, leading to William Beaumont's studies on digestion.
• The June Rebellion in Paris is put down by the National Guard.
• The Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) is founded in London.

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• Kraków, in Poland, receives city rights.
• Battle of the Gulf of Naples: Roger of Lauria, admiral to King Peter III of Aragon, destroys the Neapolitan fleet and captures Charles of Salerno.
• The Battle of Worringen ends the War of the Limburg Succession, with John I, Duke of Brabant, being one of the more important victors.
• The masque Tethys' Festival is performed at Whitehall Palace to celebrate the investiture of Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales.
• The Qing dynasty Manchu forces led by the Shunzhi Emperor take Beijing during the collapse of the Ming dynasty.
• The Battle of New Ross: The attempt to spread the United Irish Rebellion into Munster is defeated.
• The first Great Lakes steamer, the Frontenac, is launched.
• The June Rebellion breaks out in Paris in an attempt to overthrow the monarchy of Louis Philippe.

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• King Charles VI granted a monopoly for the ripening of Roquefort cheese to the people of Roquefort-sur-Soulzon as they had been doing for centuries.
• Siege of Osaka: Forces under Tokugawa Ieyasu take Osaka Castle in Japan.
• Battle of Hohenfriedberg: Frederick the Great's Prussian army decisively defeated an Austrian army under Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine during the War of the Austrian Succession.
• The Montgolfier brothers publicly demonstrate their montgolfière (hot air balloon).
• Élisabeth Thible becomes the first woman to fly in an untethered hot air balloon. Her flight covers four kilometres in 45 minutes, and reached 1,500 metres altitude (estimated).
• Captain George Vancouver claims Puget Sound for the Kingdom of Great Britain.
• King Charles Emmanuel IV of Sardinia abdicates his throne in favor of his brother, Victor Emmanuel.
• General Lafayette, a French officer in the American Revolutionary War, speaks at what would become Lafayette Square, Buffalo, during his visit to the United States.
• Major Henry C. Wayne departs New York aboard the USS Supply to procure camels to establish the U.S. Camel Corps.
• Italian Independence wars: In the Battle of Magenta, the French army, under Louis-Napoleon, defeat the Austrian army.

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• The Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, proclaims himself Roman emperor, entering Rome at the head of a group of gladiators.
• The Byzantine emperor Philippicus is blinded, deposed and sent into exile by conspirators of the Opsikion army in Thrace. He is succeeded by Anastasios II, who begins the reorganization of the Byzantine army.
• After 5-month siege during the First Crusade, the Crusaders seize Antioch (today's Turkey).
• The French scholar Peter Abelard is found guilty of heresy.
• Hernando de Soto claims Florida for Spain.
• An English naval force defeats a fleet of Spanish galleys, and captures a large Portuguese carrack at the Battle of Sesimbra Bay
• Samuel de Champlain lands at Tadoussac, Quebec, in the course of his third voyage to New France, and begins erecting fortifications.
• The Dutch West India Company receives a charter for New Netherland.
• Pope Alexander VII appoints François de Laval vicar apostolic in New France.
• James Stuart, Duke of York (later to become King James II of England), defeats the Dutch fleet off the coast of Lowestoft.
• Jack Jouett begins his midnight ride to warn Thomas Jefferson and the Virginia legislature of an impending raid by Banastre Tarleton.
• In Humen, China, Lin Tse-hsü destroys 1.2 million kilograms of opium confiscated from British merchants, providing Britain with a casus belli to open hostilities, resulting in the First Opium War.
• The last pair of great auks is killed.
• American Civil War: Battle of Philippi (also called the Philippi Races): Union forces rout Confederate troops in Barbour County, Virginia, now West Virginia.

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• Sack of Rome: Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks.
• First Crusade: The first Siege of Antioch ends as Crusader forces take the city; the second siege began five days later.
• London: Virginia gets new charter, extending borders from "sea to sea".
• The first Récollet missionaries arrive at Quebec City, from Rouen, France.
• Bridget Bishop is the first person to be tried for witchcraft in Salem, Massachusetts; she was found guilty and later hanged.
• Pontiac's Rebellion: At what is now Mackinaw City, Michigan, Chippewas capture Fort Michilimackinac by diverting the garrison's attention with a game of lacrosse, then chasing a ball into the fort.
• Intolerable Acts: The Quartering Act is enacted, allowing a governor in colonial America to house British soldiers in uninhabited houses, outhouses, barns, or other buildings if suitable quarters are not provided.
• Gordon Riots anti Catholic riots in London resulting in an estimated 300-700 deaths.
• French Revolution: François Hanriot, leader of the Parisian National Guard, arrests 22 Girondists selected by Jean-Paul Marat, setting the stage for the Reign of Terror.
• The Slavic congress in Prague begins.

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• Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu.
• A monk, John Cor, records the first known batch of Scotch whisky.[citation needed]
• Anne Boleyn is crowned Queen of England.
• Combined forces loyal to Charles V attack and expel the Ottomans from Tunis during the Conquest of Tunis.
• The Roundheads defeat the Cavaliers at the Battle of Maidstone in the Second English Civil War.
• In Dover, England, Charles II of England and Louis XIV of France sign the Secret Treaty of Dover, which will force England into the Third Anglo-Dutch War.
• Battle of Öland: allied Danish-Dutch forces defeat the Swedish navy in the Baltic Sea, during the Scanian War (1675-79).
• The Scottish Covenanters defeat John Graham of Claverhouse at the Battle of Drumclog.
• Wolraad Woltemade rescues 14 sailors at the Cape of Good Hope from the sinking ship De Jonge Thomas by riding his horse into the sea seven times. Both he and his horse, Vonk, drowned on his eighth attempt.
• The court-martial for malfeasance of Benedict Arnold, a general in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, begins.

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• Emperor Petronius Maximus is stoned to death by an angry mob while fleeing Rome.
• Mongol invasion of the Cumans: Battle of the Kalka River: Mongol armies of Genghis Khan led by Subutai defeat Kievan Rus' and Cumans.
• King Henry III lays the first stone of the Pont Neuf (New Bridge), the oldest bridge of Paris, France.
• Citing poor eyesight as a reason, Samuel Pepys records the last event in his diary.
• American Revolution: The Mecklenburg Resolves are adopted in the Province of North Carolina.
• Manuel Quimper explores the Strait of Juan de Fuca.
• The United States enacts its first copyright statute, the Copyright Act of 1790.
• French Revolution: The Revolutionary Tribunal is suppressed.
• French and Spanish forces begin the assault against British forces occupying Diamond Rock, Martinique.
• In Australia, William Lawson, Gregory Blaxland and William Wentworth reach Mount Blaxland, effectively marking the end of a route across the Blue Mountains.
• The clock tower at the Houses of Parliament, which houses Big Ben, starts keeping time.
• American Civil War: Peninsula Campaign: Confederate forces under Joseph E. Johnston and G.W. Smith engage Union forces under George B. McClellan outside the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia.

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