ABA Inside Track

From the archives:

NOTE: This episode is no longer available for CEs.

If one were to enter the virtual world, could we really expect that person to come out the other side with great fire safety skills and a fearlessness about spiders? Well, this week we discuss two articles that say, "Yes." Featuring our very first call-in co-host, anecdotes galore about Rob's favorite video games, and more terrifying spider scenarios than you could shake a stick it. Strap on those VR headsets and step into the next level of research-based entertainment. And we never even mention that "Virtual Reality" song, because we refuse to make the easy references. And we ran out of money to license it.

Articles discussed this episode:

Bouchard, S., Cote, S., St-Jacques, J., Robillard, G., & Renaud, P. (2006). Effectiveness of virtual reality exposure in the treatment of arachnophobia using 3D games. Technology and Health Care, 14, 19-27.

Padgett, L.S., Strickland, D., & Coles, C.D. (2006). Case study: Using a virtual reality computer game to teach fire safety skills to children diagnosed with fetal alcohol syndrome. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 31, 65-70. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsj030

And for the gravy:

Morina, N., Ijntema, H., Meyerbroker, K., & Emmelkamp, P.M.G. (2015). Can virtual reality exposure therapy gains be generalized to real-life? A meta-analysis of studies applying behavioral assessments. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 74. 18-24. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2015.08.010

IMPORTANT NOTICE: To earn CEUs for listening, you MUST sign up and listen to this episode on our website to get credit.

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Everybody loves the idea of teaching complex behaviors. Everybody loves teaching new skills efficiently. Is it always possible to do both? Dr. Stacie Bancroft joins us to explain how these two great goals can go great together. This ain't your parents' chaining procedure.

Articles discussed this episode:

Bancroft, S.L., Weiss, J.S., Libby, M.E., & Ahearn, W.H. (2011). A comparison of procedural variations in teaching behavior chains: Manual guidance, trainer completion, and no completion of untrained steps. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 44, 559-569. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2011.44-559

Slocum, S.K. & Tiger, J.H. (2011). An assessment of the efficiency of and child preference for forward and backward chaining. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 44, 793-805. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2011.44-793

Lambert, J.M., Copeland, B.A., Karp, E.L., Finley, C.I., .Houchins-Juarez, N.J., & Ledford, J.R. (2016). Chaining functional basketball sequences (with embedded conditional discriminations) in an adolescent with autism. Behavior Analysis in Practice, 9, 199-210. doi: 10.1007/s40617-016-0125-0

IMPORTANT NOTICE: To earn CEUs for listening, you MUST sign up and listen to this episode on our website to get credit.

To listen for the fun of learning? Just push play!

Email us at [email protected] for further assistance.

We all live in an interconnected, WiFi world. So shouldn't our work as behavior analysts be the same? Telehealth provides an exciting means to share our science at a distance; however, if we're not careful, who knows what ethical dilemmas using this technology might lead us into. Have no fear! Your pals at ABA Inside Track hit the books—well, research articles—to figure out some tactics for the ethical BCBA to follow instead.

Articles discussed this episode:

Peterson, S.M., Woodward, J., Crane, J,, & Garner, M. (2009). Teleconsultaiton in school settings: Linking classroom teachers and behavior analysts through web-based technology. Behavior Analysis in Practice,, 2, 32-39. doi: 10.1007/BF03391746

Machalicek, W., Lequia, J., Pinkelman, S., Knowles, C., Raulston, T., Davis, T., & Alresheed, F. (2016). Behavioral teleheatlh consultation with families of children with autism spectrum disorder. Behavioral Interventions, 31, 223-250. doi: 10.1002/bin.1450

Kaplan, B. & Litewka, S. (2008). Ethical challenges of telemedicine and telehealth. Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics, 17, 401-416. doi: 10.1017/S0963180108080535

Hall, J.L. & McGraw, D. (2014). For telehealth to succeed, privacy and security risks must be identified and addressed. Health Affairs, 33, 216-221. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2013.0997

Starting summer off right with journal articles! This month we get back into a discussion of ethical dilemmas with the use of telehealth and telemedicine before inviting Dr. Stacie Bancroft to share some advance chaining variations. Finally, while we all enjoy some time off, a look back into the archives with our classic episode on research related to virtual reality. Bonus: Rob's award-winning writings are only marginally embarrassing to hear about.

Articles for June 2019

Episode 88 - Ethics of Telehealth

Peterson, S.M., Woodward, J., Crane, J,, & Garner, M. (2009). Teleconsultaiton in school settings: Linking classroom teachers and behavior analysts through web-based technology. Behavior Analysis in Practice,, 2, 32-39. doi: 10.1007/BF03391746

Machalicek, W., Lequia, J., Pinkelman, S., Knowles, C., Raulston, T., Davis, T., & Alresheed, F. (2016). Behavioral teleheatlh consultation with families of children with autism spectrum disorder. Behavioral Interventions, 31, 223-250. doi: 10.1002/bin.1450

Kaplan, B. & Litewka, S. (2008). Ethical challenges of telemedicine and telehealth. Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics, 17, 401-416. doi: 10.1017/S0963180108080535

Hall, J.L. & McGraw, D. (2014). For telehealth to succeed, privacy and security risks must be identified and addressed. Health Affairs, 33, 216-221. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2013.0997

Episode 89 - Next-Level Chaining w/ Dr. Stacie Bancroft

Bancroft, S.L., Weiss, J.S., Libby, M.E., & Ahearn, W.H. (2011). A comparison of procedural variations in teaching behavior chains: Manual guidance, trainer completion, and no completion of untrained steps. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 44, 559-569. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2011.44-559

Slocum, S.K. & Tiger, J.H. (2011). An assessment of the efficiency of and child preference for forward and backward chaining. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 44, 793-805. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2011.44-793

Lambert, J.M., Copeland, B.A., Karp, E.L., Finley, C.I., .Houchins-Juarez, N.J., & Ledford, J.R. (2016). Chaining functional basketball sequences (with embedded conditional discriminations) in an adolescent with autism. Behavior Analysis in Practice, 9, 199-210. doi: 10.1007/s40617-016-0125-0

(REBROADCAST) Episode 25 - Virtual Reality

Bouchard, S., Cote, S., St-Jacques, J., Robillard, G., & Renaud, P. (2006). Effectiveness of virtual reality exposure in the treatment of arachnophobia using 3D games. Technology and Health Care, 14, 19-27.

Padgett, L.S., Strickland, D., & Coles, C.D. (2006). Case study: Using a virtual reality computer game to teach fire safety skills to children diagnosed with fetal alcohol syndrome. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 31, 65-70. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsj030

Morina, N., Ijntema, H., Meyerbroker, K., & Emmelkamp, P.M.G. (2015). Can virtual reality exposure therapy gains be generalized to real-life? A meta-analysis of studies applying behavioral assessments. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 74. 18-24. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2015.08.010

IMPORTANT NOTICE: To earn CEUs for listening, you MUST sign up and listen to this episode on our website to get credit.

To listen for the fun of learning? Just push play!

Email us at [email protected] for further assistance.

We wind down "It's Gonna Be MAY" with a final topic that none of us have actually conducted research in but we think the field needs to know more about. Remember how we talked about behavioral momentum last week? Remember how "your BCBA friend" referred to the high-p/low-p sequence as an example of behavioral momentum. Well, THEY'RE USING THAT TERM WRONG!!! Find out why and how to avoid ever making that mistake again. Think of this episode as a public service announcement.

Articles discussed this episode:

Mace, F.C., Hock, M.L., Lalli, J.S., West, B.J., Belfiore, P., Pinter, E., & Brown, D.K. (1988). Behavioral momentum in the treatment of noncompliance. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 21, 123-141. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1988.21-123

Normand, M.P., Kestner, K., & Jessel, J. (2010). An analysis of stimuli that influence compliance during the high-probability instruction sequence. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 43, 735-738. doi; 10.1901/jaba.2010.43-735

Lipschultz, J. & Wilder, D.A. (2017). Recent research on the high-probability instructional sequence: A brief review. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 50, 424-428. doi: 10.1002/jaba.378

Zuluaga, C.A. & Normand, M.P. (2008). An evaluation of the high-probability instruction sequence with and without programmed reinforcement for compliance with high-probability instructions. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 41, 453-457. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2008.41-453

Nevin, J.A. (1996). The momentum of compliance. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 29, 535-547. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1996.29-535

IMPORTANT NOTICE: To earn CEUs for listening, you MUST sign up and listen to this episode on our website to get credit.

To listen for the fun of learning? Just push play!

Email us at [email protected] for further assistance.

This week, we welcome returning guest, Dr. Bill Ahearn, to share in the "Gonna Be May" fun to discuss research related to behavioral momentum. And, in a behavior analytic podcast first, we discuss research with not one, not two, but three article authors! Remember, listeners, don't be scared of the behavioral momentum metaphor: Dr. Ahearn has faith in your abilities to understand it.

Articles discussed this episode:

MacDonald, J.M., Ahearn, W.H., Parry-Cruwys, D., Bancroft, S., & Dube, W.V. (2013). Persistence during extinction: Examining the effects of continuous and intermittent reinforcement on problem behavior. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 46, 333-338. doi: 10.1002/jaba.3

Parry-Cruwys, D.E., Neal, C.M., Ahearn, W.H., Wheeler, E.E., Premchander, R., Loeb, M.B., & Dube, W.V. (2011). Resistance to disruption in a classroom setting. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 44, 363-367. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2011.44-363

Ahearn, W.H., Clark, K.M., Gardenier, N.C., Chung, B.I., & Dube, W.V. (2003). Persistence of stereotypic behavior: Examining the effects of external reinforcers. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 36, 439-448. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2003.36-439

Nevin, J.A., Mandell, C., & Atak, J.R. (1983). The analysis of behavioral momentum. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 39, 49-59. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1983.39-49

Nevin, J.A. (1996). The momentum of compliance. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 29, 535-547. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1996.29-535

IMPORTANT NOTICE: To earn CEUs for listening, you MUST sign up and listen to this episode on our website to get credit.

To listen for the fun of learning? Just push play!

Email us at [email protected] for further assistance.

The topics for "It's Gonna Be May" keep on a-comin' with Jackie's award-winning work in observational learning research. Sure, we discuss some other articles about how important learning just by watching other people can be, but Jackie spends most of the episode thrilling us with tales of gluing toy boulders into trucks and the Cookie Man. Research sure sounds hard.

Articles discussed this episode:

MacDonald, J. & Ahearn, W.H. (2015). Teaching observational learning to children with autism. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 48, 800-816. doi: 10.1002/jaba.257

DeQuinzio, J.A. & Taylor, B.A. (2015). Teaching children with autism to discriminate the reinforced and nonreinforced responses of others: Implications for observational learning. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 48, 38-51. doi: 10.1002/jaba.192

Townley-Cochran, D., Leaf, J.B., Taubman, M., Leaf, R., & McEachin, J. (2015). Observational learning for students diagnosed with autism: A review paper. Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2, 262-272. doi: 10.1007/s40489-015-0050-0

IMPORTANT NOTICE: To earn CEUs for listening, you MUST sign up and listen to this episode on our website to get credit.

To listen for the fun of learning? Just push play!

Email us at [email protected] for further assistance.

We kick off "It's Gonna be May" with a discussion of Diana's work in early intensive behavior intervention (EIBI) including a discussion of what is and what isn't considered EIBI and how providing effective services passes the educational savings on to you. All that and Diana's favorite research article ever!

Articles discussed this episode:

MacDonald, R., Parry-Cruwys, D., Dupere, S., & Ahearn, W. (2014). Assessing progress and outcome of early intensive behavioral intervention for toddlers with autism. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 35, 3632-3644. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.08.036

Schreiman, L., Dawson, G., Stahmer, A.C., Landa, R., Rogers, S.J., McGee, G.G., Kasari, C., Ingersoll, B., Kaiser, A.P., Brinsma, Y., McNerney, E., Wetherby, A., & Halladay, A. (2015). Naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions: Empirically validated treatments for autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45, 2411-2428. doi: 10.1007/s10803-015-2407-8

Howard, J.S., Sparkman, C.R., Cohen, H.G., Green, G., & Stanislaw, H. (2005). A comparison of intensive behavior analytic and eclectic treatments for young children with autism. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 26, 359-383. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2004.09.005

It's gonna be MAAAAY! Technically, it's May right now. And, in honor of May, all our episodes will be about ME! Well, about Diana and Jackie, to be exact. This month, we'll be discussing research articles actually written by our dynamic doctor duo . There's even an article that they wrote together. Plus, we finally dish out the answer to the question you've all been asking: What's the difference between behavioral momentum and the high-p/low-p sequence? I mean, you might not be asking it overtly, but it's at least a commonly occurring private event.

NOTE: Sorry about our busted audio this month. It was either use the poor quality back-up or a loud buzzing sound every 5 seconds. We'll be back to normal next week.

Articles for May 2019

EIBI

MacDonald, R., Parry-Cruwys, D., Dupere, S., & Ahearn, W. (2014). Assessing progress and outcome of early intensive behavioral intervention for toddlers with autism. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 35, 3632-3644. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.08.036

Schreiman, L., Dawson, G., Stahmer, A.C., Landa, R., Rogers, S.J., McGee, G.G., Kasari, C., Ingersoll, B., Kaiser, A.P., Brinsma, Y., McNerney, E., Wetherby, A., & Halladay, A. (2015). Naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions: Empirically validated treatments for autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45, 2411-2428. doi: 10.1007/s10803-015-2407-8

Howard, J.S., Sparkman, C.R., Cohen, H.G., Green, G., & Stanislaw, H. (2005). A comparison of intensive behavior analytic and eclectic treatments for young children with autism. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 26, 359-383. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2004.09.005

Observational Learning

MacDonald, J. & Ahearn, W.H. (2015). Teaching observational learning to children with autism. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 48, 800-816. doi: 10.1002/jaba.257

DeQuinzio, J.A. & Taylor, B.A. (2015). Teaching children with autism to discriminate the reinforced and nonreinforced responses of others: Implications for observational learning. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 48, 38-51. doi: 10.1002/jaba.192

Townley-Cochran, D., Leaf, J.B., Taubman, M., Leaf, R., & McEachin, J. (2015). Observational learning for students diagnosed with autism: A review paper. Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2, 262-272. doi: 10.1007/s40489-015-0050-0

Behavioral Momentum

MacDonald, J.M., Ahearn, W.H., Parry-Cruwys, D., Bancroft, S., & Dube, W.V. (2013). Persistence during extinction: Examining the effects of continuous and intermittent reinforcement on problem behavior. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 46, 333-338. doi: 10.1002/jaba.3

Parry-Cruwys, D.E., Neal, C.M., Ahearn, W.H., Wheeler, E.E., Premchander, R., Loeb, M.B., & Dube, W.V. (2011). Resistance to disruption in a classroom setting. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 44, 363-367. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2011.44-363

Nevin, J.A., Mandell, C., & Atak, J.R. (1983). The analysis of behavioral momentum. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 39, 49-59. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1983.39-49

Nevin, J.A. (1996). The momentum of compliance. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 29, 535-547. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1996.29-535

High-P/Low-P Sequence

Mace, F.C., Hock, M.L., Lalli, J.S., West, B.J., Belfiore, P., Pinter, E., & Brown, D.K. (1988). Behavioral momentum in the treatment of noncompliance. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 21, 123-141. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1988.21-123

Normand, M.P., Kestner, K., & Jessel, J. (2010). An analysis of stimuli that influence compliance during the high-probability instruction sequence. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 43, 735-738. doi; 10.1901/jaba.2010.43-735

Lipschultz, J. & Wilder, D.A. (2017). Recent research on the high-probability instructional sequence: A brief review. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 50, 424-428. doi: 10.1002/jaba.378

Zuluaga, C.A. & Normand, M.P. (2008). An evaluation of the high-probability instruction sequence with and without programmed reinforcement for compliance with high-probability instructions. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 41, 453-457. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2008.41-453

Nevin, J.A. (1996). The momentum of compliance. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 29, 535-547. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1996.29-535

NOTE: This episode is no longer available for CEs.

From beneath the depths of the sea comes a creature unlike any man has ever known. It destroys cities without care. Our mightiest weapons cannot stop it. It is Godzilla, King of the Monsters! Only Grab Bag, friend to all children of the world, can help us now. Though Grab Bag may be small, he fights with the spirit of a million behavior analytic research articles. Go, Grab Bag! Save the world with your experimental designs and amazing science of human behavior. We believe in you!

Don't forget, to celebrate Autism Awareness Month, all throughout April, a portion of proceeds from CE processing fees will be donated to the New England Center for Children, a globally acknowledged school for individuals with autism and a home of research and training in the field of behavior analysis. Pick up some CEs and donate to a worthy cause. It's win-win!

Articles discussed this episode:

Robinson, E.S., Desrochers, M., & Napolitano, D.A. (2019). Concurrent operant preference assessment to identify social consequences to decrease task latency for adolescents with dual diagnosis. Behavioral Interventions, 34, 52-61. doi: 10.1002/bin.1648

Groves, E.A. & Austin, J.L. (2019). Does the good behavior game evoke negative peer pressure? Analyses in primary and secondary classrooms. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 52, 3-16. doi: 10.1002/jaba.513

Tyner, S., Brewer, A., Helman, M., Leon, Y., Pritchard, J., & Schulnd, M. (2016). Nice doggie! Contact desensitization plue reinforcement decreases dog phobias for children with autism. Behavior Analysis in Practice, 9, 54-57. doi: 10.1007/s40617-016-0113-4