Who can be a Hero? How do we define a Hero? and is the Historical Jesus of Nazareth one? E175.

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Audio credits: BBC Radio: In Our Time with Melvyn Bragg and his guests Diane Purkiss, Fellow and Tutor at Keble College, Oxford; Mia Rodriguez-Salgado, Professor in International History at the London School of Economics; Nicholas Rodger, Senior Research Fellow at All Souls College at the University of Oxford. Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting.

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Lent is the solemn Christian religious observance in the liturgical year commemorating the 40 days Jesus of Nazareth spent fasting in the desert and enduring temptation by Satan, before beginning his public ministry, according to the synoptic Gospels of Matthew, Mark and Luke. Lent is observed in the Catholic Church, as well as many Protestant denominations, and also some nondenominational Christian churches. Ee80.

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Audio credits: The Catholic Talk Show podcast featuring Ryan DellaCrosse, Ryan Scheel, and Fr. Rich Pagano — Episode 25, 05mar2019: Fat Tuesday, Ash Wednesday, & Catholic Lenten Traditions. Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting.

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In Lent-observing Western Churches, Lent begins on Ash Wednesday and lasts 40 days, ending approximately six weeks later, depending on the Christian denomination and local custom. Ee79.

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Audio credits: The Catholic Talk Show podcast featuring Ryan DellaCrosse, Ryan Scheel, and Fr. Rich Pagano — Episode 25, 05mar2019: Fat Tuesday, Ash Wednesday, & Catholic Lenten Traditions. Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting.

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The STORY of AMERICA 🇺🇸 Learn about one of the most glorious Mesoamerican societies—the Aztec Empire. Enjoy this HISTORICAL JESUS Extra. E4.

Check out the YouTube versions of this episode which has accompanying visuals including maps, charts, timelines, photos, illustrations, and diagrams, at:

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Mardi Gras is French for ‘Fat Tuesday,’ reflecting the Christian practice of the last night of consuming rich, fatty foods in preparation for the fasting season of Lent. Mardi Gras is the final day of Carnival before Ash Wednesday. Many related popular practices and traditions are associated with Carnival celebrations before the fasting and religious obligations associated with the penitential season of Lent. Ee78

Check out the YouTube version of this episode at https://youtu.be/lWMtAe2oxdo which has accompanying visuals including maps, charts, timelines, photos, illustrations, and diagrams.

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Audio credits: The Catholic Talk Show podcast featuring Ryan DellaCrosse, Ryan Scheel, and Fr. Rich Pagano — Episode 25, 05mar2019: Fat Tuesday, Ash Wednesday, & Catholic Lenten Traditions. Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting.

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After escaping martyrdom in Nazareth, early in his ministry, Jesus returns to the town of Capernaum, a Jewish fishing village on the Sea of Galilee's northwestern shore. It's a Biblical site that's mentioned in the Gospels as Jesus' second home and the place where he performed many miracles. E174.

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Audio credits: The Boy Jesus in the Temple (Luke 2:39-52) by Dr. Ralph F. Wilson (JesusWalk Bible Study Series; Joyful Heart Renewal Ministries). Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting. Join Mark on one of his social media platforms to comment, discuss, and analyze this episode’s topic. 

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This Testament tells of the origins, birth, ministry, death, resurrection, and ascension of Jesus Christ.

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Audio Credit: Breathe Bible podcast (LifeAudio Podcast Network, Salem Web Network). Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting.

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Also called Valentine's Day or the Feast of Saint Valentine, every February 14th, people around the world celebrate Valentine’s Day. It originated as a Christian feast day honoring a martyr named Valentine (born 225 AD in Terni, Italy; died February 14, 269 in Rome) and through later folk traditions, it has also become a significant cultural, religious and commercial celebration of romance and love. Ee75

Check out the YouTube version of this episode at https://youtu.be/3OLHl9rj4mE which has accompanying visuals including maps, charts, timelines, photos, illustrations, and diagrams.

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Audio credits: Everything Everywhere Daily podcast with Gary Arndt: Valentine's Day (13feb2021; Glassbox Media). Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting.

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Celebrated annually on December 8th as a solemn feast day, the Immaculate Conception’s observance began with a Papal encyclical by Pope Pius IX, when he formally defined the dogma of the Immaculate Conception in 1854. The Immaculate Conception is the dogma that the Virgin Mary was conceived without original sin. This doctrine states that Mary was preserved from the "stain of sin" from the first moment of her conception through a unique grace from God, granted in anticipation of her role as the mother of Jesus. The annual Feast Day of Our Lady of Lourdes was established in 1890 for February 11 by Pope Leo XIII. E263. 

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Audio credits: The Thomistic Institute-A Brief History of the Immaculate Conception with Professor Joshua Benson, 13sep2024. Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting. 

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The doctrine of the Immaculate Conception states that the Virgin Mary was conceived without original sin. The Catholic Church, particularly the Latin Rite, follows the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception, which states that Mary was conceived without original sin. Other denominations that follow it include some Anglicans and Eastern Orthodox Churches, though the understanding and formulation differ, and many other Protestant denominations do not accept the doctrine. The Immaculate Conception is celebrated annually on December 8th as a solemn feast day, whose observance began with a Papal encyclical by Pope Pius IX, when he formally defined the dogma of the Immaculate Conception in 1854. The annual Feast Day of Our Lady of Lourdes was established in 1890 for February 11 by Pope Leo XIII. E262. 

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Audio credits: Truth Unites podcast with Gavin Ortlund-The Immaculate Conception, A Protestant Appraisal (Aug. 31, 2023); Saint of the Day with Mike Roberts (Solemnity of the Immaculate Conception Dec. 9, 2024); Saint of the Day: The Conception of the Most Holy Mother of God by Deacon Jerome Atherholt and Ancient Faith Ministries (20jul2025). Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting. 

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