History Behind News Program

Congress, and not the presidency, used to be the predominant power of the U.S. government. In this interview, we discuss the history of how politics, populism and polarization changed the balance of power in our government.

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In this interview:

►Where does the Constitutional principle of the "separation of powers" and "coequal" branches of government come from?

►How did John Locke and baron Montesquieu impact the Federalist papers?

►What are the powers that the Constitution grant to Congress or preserve for the president?

►In the beginning, which had more power: Congress or the Presidency?

►How did the following change the power of the presidency?

• Andrew Jackson
• Abraham Lincoln
• Theodore Roosevelt
• Franklin Roosevelt
• The industrial revolution
• The Civil Rights movement
• Polarization of our politics

►What is presidentialism and what are its perils?

►Why is presidential democracy an oxymoron?

🚩About My 191st Guest Scholar:

Dr. Sidney Milkis is a professor of politics at the Miller Center and in the Dept. of Politics at the University of Virginia (UVA), and the Interim Director of the Program on Constitutionalism and Democracy there. He is co-founder and co-director of an all-university initiative, Project on Democracy and Capitalism, which is exploring the complex relationship between self-government and markets. Dr. Milkis has published extensively on democracy and the presidency, including his 2025 book, which we discuss in this interview.

Watch this interview: 🎞️ https://bit.ly/HbN-S5E49-YT-Presidentialism

🚩My Recommendations:

►S3E1, Prof. Joel Paul: Pres. Jackon & Trump & GOP History

►S5E15, Prof. Adam Cox: Presidency's Awesome Immigration Power

►S5E22, Prof. Julian Davis Mortenson: Unitary Presidency

🚩Adel Aali

host & producer

☑️Where to find my program:

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More than 200 scholar interviews and counting! So don't miss HbN guest scholars’ weekly takes on the history behind our news.

On-again off again. Hot and cold. That's how I would describe more than 75 years of America's relationship with India. It's a story that seesaws between extremely close cooperation and virtually full ruptures and severe sanctions. And the goal of this interview is to learn from history how Pres. Trump's 50% tariffs may impact our relations with India now!

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🚩In this interview:

►How Stalin viewed India after its independence from Britain

►How Khruschev changed USSR-India relations in the 1950s

►America's ambiguity about Kashmir

►Nonalignment is "immoral"!

►Who is India nonaligned against!

►Ultimate irony of India's nonalignment policy

►U.S. supports India in the 1960s

►Consequences of India's criticism of the Vietnam War

►U.S. forsakes India in the 1970s

►Indira Gandhi's masterstroke with the Soviets

►Clinton's India sanctions

►Obama & Biden's warmer relations with India

►Pres. Trump & PM Modi - from close friendship to strained relationship

►Will India buckle under Pres. Trump's tariffs?

►Do tariffs push India toward China and Russia?

►India's nonalignment compared to issue-based alignment and multi-alignment

🚩About My 190th Guest Scholars:

Dr. Šumit Ganguly is a Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution - Stanford University, where he is also the Director of the Huntington Program on Strengthening US-India Relations. He has published extensively, including the following books:

• "The Troubling State of India's Democracy",
• "The Sino-Indian Rivalry ",
• "Conflict Unending: India-Pakistan Tensions since 1947", and
• "The Oxford Handbook of Indian Politics".

🚩My Recommendations:

►S5E35, Dr. Thompson: Late Night Show History

►S5E27, Dr. Kanjwal: Kashmir History

►S5E24, Dr. Irwin: U.S. Tariffs History

🚩Adel Aali

host & producer

☑️Where to find my program:

Home:⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://historybehindnews.com ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

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More than 200 scholar interviews and counting! So don't miss HbN guest scholars’ weekly takes on the history behind our news.

U.S. interventions in Brazilian politics since the 19th century & Bolsonaro's 27-year prison term.

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🚩In this interview:

►How do Brazilians perceive the U.S.?

►Do Brazilians watch American TV shows? Do they listen to our music?

►Brazilians to Americans: why don't you know more about us!

►A Tropical Version of the U.S.?

►Brazilians' "weird" relationship with the Amazon: fear, nationalism and exploitation.

►Amazon river as international water?

►1822 - US recognizes Brazil's independence

►1889 - US saves Brazil's republic?

►1891 - United States of Brazil

►1964 - US supports Brazil's military coup

►Interest without intervention

►How FDR & his New Deal changed US-Brazil relations: good neighbor policy

►Brazil's role in WWII: supporting America

►Brazil feels betrayed by America after WWII

►Operation Pan America: Pres. Eisenhower

►Pres. Trump & former Pres. Bolsonaro (Trump of the Tropics)

📽️Watch this interview on YouTube

🚩About My 188th Guest Scholars:

Dr. Rafael Ioris is a professor of Latin American History and Politics at the University of Denver. He specializes in Brazilian history, politics, foreign policy as well as Brazil-US relations. Dr. Ioris grew up in Brazil, attended college there and later received his doctorate in Latin American History in the United States.

He is the recipient of many prestigious research funds… including the Andrew Mellon Foundation, the French Foreign Ministry, the National Research Council of Brazil… and he has been a visiting Professor at premier universities… including the University of Sao Paulo, Sorbonne University, in Paris, and the University of International Business and Economics, in Beijing.

🚩My Recommendation:

►S3E5 🎧: https://bit.ly/HbN-S3E5-BrazilModernHistory

This is an interview with Dr. Marshall Eakin, a professor of history at Vanderbilt University.

🚩Adel Aali

host & producer

☑️Where to find my program:

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More than 200 scholar interviews and counting! So don't miss HbN guest scholars’ weekly takes on the history behind our news.

New York Fashion Week is here. But what is fashion? And what is American fashion?

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🚩In this interview:

►What can be considered unfashionable?

►In the old days, did kings and queens set fashion trends?

►Do you have a fashion group?

►Did you say you don't think about clothes? If yes, then you do!

►Is fashion aspirational?

►Ralph Lauren

►Fashion during the Industrial Revolution

►How is American fashion different than French fashion?

►Is fashion art?

►Can we point to an early expression of American fashion?

►How has social media affected the fashion industry?

►Does New York Fashion Week reflect fashion trends or set fashion trends?

►What is the House of Worth?

►What are the 4 reasons that Adel, HbN host, is interested in fashion history?

🚩About My 188th Guest Scholars:

Prof. Nancy Deihl is Chair of the Department of Art and Art Professions at the Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development at New York University (NYU). She is a historian of fashion specializing in the period from the mid-19th century to the present and concentrating on the American fashion industry. She is particularly interested in connections between fashion and art practices. Before NYU, Prof. Deihl taught at the Fashion Institute of Technology.

She has published widely on fashion, including the following two books:

• she has co-authored "The History of Modern Fashion", and
• is the editor of "The Hidden History of American Fashion: Rediscovering 20th-century Women Designers".

🚩Other Interviews:

►S5E45: Jane Austen 250

►S5E40: Putin and the War in Ukraine

►S5E30: National Guard in U.S. Cities

🚩Adel Aali

host & producer

☑️Where to find my program:

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More than 200 scholar interviews and counting! So don't miss HbN guest scholars’ weekly takes on the history behind our news.

How do presidents pay for White House renovations, furnishings and other expenses?

Pres. Trump will be building a big beautiful ballroom for the White House. And you will note from this interview, the need for additional space in the executive mansion is not at all new. Many presidents have asked for it.

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🚩In this interview:

►Who manages the White House?

►Who funds White House maintenance and projects?

►Why did some presidents sell White House furniture, furnishing & tableware?

►Why does the White House have eclectic styles?

►What was Mary Todd Lincoln's for future First Ladies?

►What was Jacqueline Kennedy's contributions to the White House?

►Which president embarked on the biggest 20th century renovation and why?

►How was White House security in the old days?

►Why was the Oval Office moved?

►How did TR and FDR change the White House?

►Does the White House have hidden passages?

►What are some major White House changes that Congress rejected?

►What are some unpopular White House changed that we have come to love?

🚩About My 187th Guest Scholars:

Dr. Matthew Costello was named the Chief Education Officer of the White House Historical Association, where he is Chair in White House History and Director of the David M. Rubenstein National Center for White House History.

🚩Other Interviews:

►S5E41: Presidential Love Affairs, Sexual Relations & Scandals.

►S3E49: America's First Ladies

►S4E8: America's Conspiracy Theories

🚩Adel Aali

host & producer

☑️Where to find my program:

Home:⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://historybehindnews.com ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

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More than 200 scholar interviews and counting! So don't miss HbN guest scholars’ weekly takes on the history behind our news.

Bath, England, is celebrating Jane Austen - 250 years of her life and legacy.

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Do any of these titles sound familiar to you?

►"Pride and Prejudice"

►"Sense and Sensibility"

►"Persuasion"

►"Emma"

►"Mansfield Park"

►"Sanditon"

If so, you definitely want to hear this interview - the stories and history of Jane Austen's life and legacy.

🚩About My 186th Guest Scholars:

Prof. Kathryn Sutherland of St. Anne's College, University of Oxford, is the Patron of Jane Austen's House Museum in Chawton, a member of the Advisory Board for the British Library's 'Discovering Literature' project and Chair of the Advisory Board of the Oxford Edition of Charles Dickens.

She has published extensively, including the following books that we discuss in this interview:

• "Jane Austen in 41 Objects"
• "Jane Austen: Writer in the World"
• "Why Modern Manuscripts Matter"

🚩Celebrating Jane Austen:

Here is the website for Bath's Jane Austen Festival 2025.

🚩Relevant Interview:

S2E31: my 2022 interview with Dr. Mehrkens about monarchy and middle class

🚩History Behind This Week's News:

►S3E8: China's military history

►S5E33: Presidential sex and love scandals

►S5E30: U.S. National Guards

►S3E9: U.S. antitrust history

🚩Adel Aali

host & producer

☑️Where to find my program:

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More than 200 scholar interviews and counting! So don't miss HbN guest scholars’ weekly takes on the history behind our news.

Public broadcast federal funding has been completely cut. Our federal government will no longer fund public broadcasting. Pres. Trump has ordered the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB) to cease any funding to PBS or NPR. In addition, he signed Congressional bill that clawed back already approved CPB funding.

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🚩In this interview:

►What defines public broadcasting?

►Radio's evolution from a public to commercial medium

►Educational broadcasting or public broadcasting?

►Nonprofit vs. noncommercial

►How is public broadcasting funded?

►How is Sputnik relevant to public broadcast?

►Why the South liked public broadcast

►NAACP and public broadcast

►How did the Carnegie Corp. impact public broadcast?

►Why don't conservatives like public broadcast?

►Pres. Johnson, Nixon and Reagan and public broadcast

🚩About My 185th Guest Scholars:

Dr. Allison Perlman is a professor of film and media studies in the School of Humanities at University of California, Irvine. Her research interests include history of broadcasting, American social movements, media law and policy, media activism, popular memory. Her publications include the following books:

• Flow TV: Television in the Age of Convergent Media, and
• Public Interests: Media Advocacy and Struggles Over US Television, a book that we discuss in this interview. It's also the winner of the Outstanding Book Award by the International Communication Association.

🚩Adel Aali

host & producer

☑️Where to find my program:

Home:⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://historybehindnews.com ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

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More than 200 scholar interviews and counting! So don't miss HbN guest scholars’ weekly takes on the history behind our news.

Japan's history of public health, imperial rise and nationalism. And also, story of a Japanese company's commercial invasion of America.

🚩In this interview:

►What does it mean to be modern?

►Japan's 'modernization' - 1860s to 1910s.

►4 requirements for modernization of Japanese toilets

►disease prevention, e.g., cholera in Japan

►Japan - the rise of a 'clean' empire

►Is Japan's history of cleanliness true?

►Black Gold: Japan's centuries-old "night soil system"

►Gen. Douglas MacArthur's toilet

►squat vs. sit down toilets - Japan in the 1980s

►cleanliness and Japan's nationalism

🚩New York Times:

"The Rise of the Japanese Toilet"

🚩About My 184th Guest Scholars:

Dr. Kerry Shannon of California State University, Dominguez Hills, is a historian of modern East Asia, and his broader research and teaching interests include the intellectual and social history of public health. His forthcoming book, which we discuss in this interview, is tentatively titled "Going to the Bathroom for the Nation: a History of the Modern Japanese Toilet".

🚩My Recommendation:

S5E11: Japan's modern history - from pacificism to realism, story of how Japan works.

🚩Adel Aali

host & producer

☑️Where to find my program:

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More than 200 scholar interviews and counting! So don't miss HbN guest scholars’ weekly takes on the history behind our news.

Why do some presidential sexual relations become major scandals while others don't even make the news?

🚩In this interview:

►Are presidential love affairs different than sexual relations?

►What defines a scandal? The nature of the act or the politics of the moment?

►JFK's sexual relations

►FDR's love affairs

►Cleveland's sex scandals and great love story

►Clinton's sexual relations

►Jackson's scandals - heartbreak & Cabinet's shutdown

►Washington's great love

►Epstein's sex scandal vs. others

►Character is King!

🚩About My 183rd Guest Scholars:

Dr. Robert Watson is a Distinguished Professor of American History & Avron Fogelman Research Professor at Lynn University, and also the Director of Project Civitas, an initiative to promote civility both on campus and in the community in politics and all other aspects. He has published 200 scholarly articles and over 45 books, including "Affairs of State: The Untold History of Presidential Love, Sex and Scandal", which we discuss in this interview.

Dr. Watson's forthcoming book is "Declaration: The Story of American Independence", in which he revisits America's Founding - just in time for our nation's 250th anniversary in 2026.

You have likely watched Dr. Watson talk about history on TV, for example on CNN, MSNBC on The Daily Show. In addition, Dr. Watson has worked with or lectured for some of our nation's most preeminent historic sites, such as the Truman Presidential Library, Ford Presidential Museum, US Military Academy at West Point, the National Archives, the Smithsonian Institution, the Pentagon, George Washington’s Mount Vernon, Society of the Cincinnati, Gettysburg National Battlefield, National Civil War Museum, Mount Rushmore, US Capitol Historical Society and the White House Historical Association.

🚩Adel Aali

host & producer

☑️Where to find my program:

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More than 200 scholar interviews and counting! So don't miss HbN guest scholars’ weekly takes on the history behind our news.

As Pres. Trump and Pres. Putin meet in Alaska to negotiate a potential peace deal between Russia and Ukraine, I speak with scholars of Russia and ask them these questions:

►Who is Putin?

►What event had the biggest impact on his worldview?

►Is he an ideological man?

►Does he love Russia?

►Is he a risktaker?

►Does he fear that Russians will revolt against him?

►Does he want to be remembered in history as Putin the Great? Actually, that would be Vladimir the Great.

🚩About My Guest Scholars:

Dr. Kathryn Stoner. I interviewed her in March 2022, shortly after Russia's invasion of Ukraine and while the Covid-19 pandemic was a threat. She was then a scholar at Stanford University and had published an important book, Russia Resurrected: Its Power and Purpose in a New Global Order. Here is our full interview.

Dr. Mark Steinberg. I interviewed him in April 2022, when there was talk of overthrowing Putin. Dr. Steinberg is professor emeritus at the Department of History of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He has published extensively about Russia, including Voices of Revolution, 1917; The Russian Revolution, 1905-1921; and also Russian Utopia. Here is our full interview.

🚩My Recommendations:

►⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠S2E8: Wars in Ukraine, Dr. David R. Stone

►⁠S2E5: Ukraine's National Identity, Dr. Catherine Wanner

►⁠S5E39: Crimea and Crimean Tatars, Dr. Greta Uehling

Image Attribution:

Vladimir Putin, July 14, 2025. By Kremlin.ru, CC BY 4.0. Image cropped on its sides to Zoom in on Mr. Putin.

🚩Adel Aali

host & producer

☑️Where to find my program:

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