History Behind News Program

As Pres. Trump & Putin meet in Alaska, without Pres. Zelensky, to discuss a peace deal in the Russian-Ukrainian War, it is not at all certain that any land will in fact be swapped for peace, as suggested by Pres. Trump. But one thing is for certain - that Pres. Putin will not, ever, swap Crimea for any land in Ukraine.

In this episode, my guest and I discuss the history of Crimea and the Crimean Tatars.

🚩About My 182nd Guest Scholar:

Dr. Greta Lynn Uehling is a cultural anthropologist who works at the intersection of Indigenous and Eastern European Studies. She is a Teaching Professor at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, where she teaches for the Program in International and Comparative Studies and is Associate Faculty of the Center for Russian, East European and Eurasian Studies.

Her books include the following:

• Decolonizing Ukraine: The Indigenous People of Crimea and Pathways to Freedom - a book that we discuss in this episode,
• Everyday War: The Conflict over Don-bas, Ukraine, and
• Beyond Memory: The Deportation and Return of the Crimean Tatars.

🚩Other Related Interviews:

►⁠⁠⁠S2E9: Who Is Putin? Dr. Kathryn Stoner

►S2E8: Wars in Ukraine, Dr. David R. Stone

►S2E5: Ukraine's National Identity, Dr. Catherine Wanner

🚩Adel Aali

host & producer

☑️Where to find my program:

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More than 200 scholar interviews and counting! So don't miss HbN guest scholars’ weekly takes on the history behind our news.

Tower of London to Alligator Alcatraz: how constitutionalism came to America and became Americanized.

🚩In this interview:

►What is due process? Is it a legal right or privilege?

►How are procedural and substantive due process different?

►Is due process in the Constitution?

►Do immigrants have due process rights?

►Is due process essentially about fear?

►What is Magna Carta?

►Does due process come from Magna Carta?

►Magna Carta was not a compact between government and the people. So how does it set the stage for democracy?

►How did we Americanize constitutionalism?

►What is the 3rd part of the Declaration of Independence and why is it important?

►What is habeas corpus? Does it relate to due process?

►How are our systems of checks and balances related to due process?

🚩About My Guest Scholar:

⁠Dr. David Schultz is a Distinguished University Professor in the Departments of Political Science, Environmental Studies, and Legal Studies at Hamline University. He is also an adjunct professor of Law at the University of Minnesota and at the University of St. Thomas. He is a four-time Fulbright scholar who has taught extensively in Europe and Asia, and the winner of the Leslie A. Whittington national award for excellence in public affairs teaching. Dr. Schultz is the author of more than 200 articles and 45 book on various aspects of American politics, election law, and the media and politics.

When I first interviewed Dr. Schultz, he was my guest # 69. Since then, I've interviewed 181 scholars in more than 200 interviews.

🚩My Other Interviews with Dr. Schultz:

►⁠⁠S4E17: Your Age, Sex & Vote - Stunning Survey Findings

►S4E1: Hypermasculine Trumpism & Politainment

►S2E39: Polarization of America's Politics

🚩Adel Aali

host & producer

☑️Where to find my program:

Home:⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://historybehindnews.com ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

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More than 200 scholar interviews and counting! So don't miss HbN guest scholars’ weekly takes on the history behind our news.

Is America undermining the rules-based international order? Are we jeopardizing the stability and predictability of the very system that we built for the world?

🚩In this interview:

►What is national security?

►What is America's "special relationship" with Britain?

►In 1916, why did Britain worry about Pres. Wilson's foreign policy?

►Did FDR bring about the end of British Empire?

►How has America benefited from this "special relationship"?

►When did America recognize it has the power and capacity to change the world in its own image?

►What does it mean that "no hegemonic power has had as much voluntary assistance as America"?

►Why does NATO delineate the geographic area to which its commitment applies?

►What event compelled the militarization of NATO?

►What is the rules-based international order?

►How has securing world order and functioning systems been so cost effective for America?

►Can a country remain powerful without political liberalization?

►Is America a rogue superpower now?

►Can America remain powerful and dynamic without our allies?

🚩About My 180th Guest Scholar:

Dr. Kori Schake is a senior fellow and the director of foreign and defense policy studies at the American Enterprise Institute. Prior to this, she was the deputy director-general of the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London. In addition, she has had a distinguished career in government, working at the US State Department, the US Department of Defense, and the National Security Council at the White House.

Dr. Schake has published extensively, including the following books

►“America vs the West: Can the Liberal World Order Be Preserved?”

►“Safe Passage: The Transition from British to American Hegemony”

►“State of Disrepair: Fixing the Culture and Practices of the State Department” and

►“Managing American Hegemony: Essays on Power in a Time of Dominance”

►“Warriors & Citizens: American Views of Our Military”, which she co-edited along with former Secretary of Defense Jim Mattis.

🚩Related Interview:

S5E24: America's Tariffs - A History of Politics & Foreign Policy, Dr. Douglas A. Irwin ( Dartmouth College)

🚩Adel Aali

host & producer

☑️Where to find my program:

Home:⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://historybehindnews.com ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

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More than 200 scholar interviews and counting! So don't miss HbN guest scholars’ weekly takes on the history behind our news.

Most Americans hardly knew about autism in the 1980s and '90s. Then, as if suddenly, autism became big news in the 2000s. And the rate of autism has increased since, including diagnosis among adults. But how did this happen?

🚩In this interview:

►What is autism? A disorder? A disease? A psychiatric medical condition?

►What does autism spectrum mean?

►In the 1980s, what were medical experts taught about the rate of autism?

►Is there a link between autism and vaccines?

►Do genetics cause and/or contribute to autism?

►Does autism have infection causes and/or contributors?

►When was autism first discovered?

►Is autism the rich kids' disease?

►Was autism considered the rich kids' disease in Europe?

►Do older parents have a higher likelihood of having autistic children?

►What explains the dramatic increase in rate of autism since 2000?

►Is autism a Western medical issue?

►What happened at the Seatle May 2025 International Society for Autism Research conference?

►Latest studies in autism, including the April 2025 published CDC report

🚩About My 180th Guest Scholar:

Dr. Maureen Durkin is the Department Chair of Population Health Sciences and Professor of Population Health Sciences and Pediatrics at the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health. She is a Waisman Center Investigator, Principal Investigator on the Wisconsin Surveillance of Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities System, and Principal Investigator of two studies that we discuss in this interview.

She is a contributor to studies conducted by the CDC, including a study that was published in April 2025, reporting that in 2022 1 in 31 children age eight were autistic.

🚩Related Articles:

• "Experts Doubt Kennedy’s Timetable for Finding the Cause of Autism", New York Times, April 11, 2025.
• "Kennedy Turns to a Discredited Vaccine Skeptic for Autism Study", Wall Street Journal, March 27, 2025
• "Vaccine Opponent Hired by RFK Jr. Scours Official Records for Link to Autism", Wall Street Journal, June 5, 2025.
• "Aluminum-Adsorbed Vaccines and Chronic Diseases in Childhood", Annals of Internal Medicine, July 15, 2025.

🚩Adel Aali

host & producer

☑️Where to find my program:

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More than 200 scholar interviews and counting! So don't miss HbN guest scholars’ weekly takes on the history behind our news.

"First Responders" of entertainment TV. Why American citizens will miss late-night talk shows.

🚩In this interview:

►What defines a late-night talk show?

►Obsolescence that's in the name!

►Was Carson really the King of Late Night?

►Who is Faye Emerson?

►The Letterman revolution.

►Entertaining in 20th century vs. importance in 21st century.

►The internet effect.

►Are late-night talk show hosts partisan?

►Same format. Different personalities.

►What is different about Colbert?

►Why late-night talk shows are so important for our Republic?

🚩About My 179th Guest Scholar:

Dr. Robert Thompson is the founding director of the Bleier Center for Television and Popular Culture and a Trustee Professor of Television and Popular Culture at the Newhouse School of Public Communications at Syracuse University.

🚩Related Interviews:

►S3E29: TV & Magic of Hollywood: Dr. Thomas Doherty (Brandeis University)

►S4E2: Women of Hollywood: Dr. Doherty & Dr. Maggie Hennefeld (University of Minnesota)

🚩Image Attribution:

Stephen Colbert at the 2024 New York Comic Con, held at the Javits Center in Hell's Kitchen, Manhattan. By PhilipRomanoPhoto - Own work, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=154208372

🚩Adel Aali

host & producer

☑️Where to find my program:

Home:⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://historybehindnews.com ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

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178 scholars and counting! So don't miss HbN guest scholars’ weekly takes on the history behind our news.

Can Harvard use its huge endowment to make up for the federal funds frozen by Pres. Trump?

🚩In this interview:

►What are university endowments?

►How are endowments different than grants, federal funds and other monies that come into universities?

►How do universities perpetuate their endowments?

►What rules and regulations govern endowments?

►When did American universities first receive private monies?

►When did American universities create endowments with legal structures and complex financial plans and dedicated departments to manage them?

🚩About My 178th Guest Scholar:

Ms. Cathleen Rittereiser is a highly recognized authority on the Endowment Investment Model. She is the co-author of the following books:

• "Foundation and Endowment Investing", which we discuss in this interview, and
• "Top Hedge Fund Investors"

Most recently, Ms. Rittereiser served as the Executive Director of the Commonfund Institute, a thought leadership service for investment fiduciaries, where she educated trustees and investment committee members about endowment management best practices. She also founded Uncorrelated, LLC, a conference and thought leadership publishing platform for endowment, foundation, and pension investment officers. Uncorrelated published three papers: The Portfolio Whiteboard Project, The Investment LAB, the Energy Revolution, DoDiligence™ - Reinventing the Due Diligence Process.

Ms. Rittereiser has educated nonprofit fiduciaries on the endowment model, governance, and alternatives at numerous industry conferences including AGB, NACUBO, Council on Foundations, NBOA, SALT, Global ARC, AIMA, CAIA, JFNA, Institutional Investor and The Investment Institute. Earlier in her career, she held investor relations and marketing roles with leading financial services firms and hedge fund complexes and began her career in the Merrill Lynch Corporate Intern Program. She received an A.B. from Franklin & Marshall College and an M.B.A. from NYU Stern School of Business.

🚩Adel Aali

host & producer

☑️Where to find my program:

Home:⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://historybehindnews.com ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

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178 scholars and counting! So don't miss HbN guest scholars’ weekly takes on the history behind our news.

Why is America's Jewish community so successful? Why have Jewish diaspora communities been so successful throughout history and across many countries and cultures?

🚩In this interview:

►Jewish migration, immigration and emigration

►Preserving Jewish communities: the challenge of Jewish assimilation

►Preserving Judaism without the temple

►Jewish diaspora in Persia - forgotten part of Queen Esther's story

►Which Jews immigrated to America?

►Henry Ford and Jews in Detroit

►America's Jews and America's elite universities

►Jewish business success in America - the film industry and stories of risk taking

►Importance of immigration to America

🚩About My Guest Scholar:

Dr. Howard Lupovitch is a professor of history at Wayne State University and the director of the Cohn-Haddow Center for Judaic Studies. He specializes in modern Jewish History and urban Jewish history, specifically the Jews of Hungary and the Habsburg Monarchy.

In addition to the books mentioned in the podcast, Dr. Lupovitch is the author of "Jews and Judaism In World History", which is the featured image of this episode.

Here are links to some of the sources for the data I share in the introduction:

►Jewish student population in America's elite universities

►Jewish Nobel Prize winners

►Jewish Pulitzer Prize winners

🚩Related Podcast Interviews:

►History of Jewish Diaspora, Dr. Lupovitch, 2023

►History of Ancient Israel, Dr. Michael Pytlik, 2023

► Golden Age of Jewish-Muslim Relations, Dr. Michael Pytlik, 2021

🚩Adel Aali

host & producer

☑️Where to find my program:

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178 scholars and counting! So don't miss HbN guest scholars’ weekly takes on the history behind our news.

What is Decoration Day? Did the South celebrate the 4th of July?

As it turns out, the history of the 4th of July is not that straightforward. For example, it took about a century for the recognition of our Independence Day as a federal holiday. And for some 80 years after the Civil war, some parts of the South, including Vicksburg, did not celebrate the 4th of July. It took WWII to create a new sense of nationalism, including the national celebration of the 4th of July.  To better understand the history of our Independence Day, I spoke with Dr. Thomas Balcerski, a professor of history at Eastern Connecticut StateUniversity. For the academic year of 2022-2023, Dr. Balcerski was the Ray Allen Billington Visiting Professor in U.S. History at Occidental College and a Long-Term Fellow at the Huntington Library.

Dr. Balcerski has taught courses on early American history, U.S. Presidents and First Ladies, and the history of the Democratic Party, from Thomas Jefferson toJoe Biden. To learn more about Dr. Balcerski, you can visit his academic home page at ⁠⁠⁠Eastern CT⁠⁠.

By the way, be sure to listen to my conversation in S3E1 with Prof. Joel Richard Paul, he told me something very interesting about the 4th of July - that the reason we celebrate 4th of July is because Thomas Jefferson made it a national holiday, in a self-serving way, to elevate the Declaration of Independence. He added that it was Chief Justice Marshall, President Jefferson's chief detractor and also first cousin, who elevated the Constitution over the Declaration of Independence... But the 4th of July's celebration continued and grow in prominence in our culture. This fascinating episode is available here: ⁠⁠https://bit.ly/HbN-S3E1⁠⁠

I hope you enjoy these episodes.

Adel

Host of the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠History Behind News⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ podcast

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For America, 1979 was one of the coldest years of the Cold War. The U.S. lost a friend. Gained a foe. And then its nightmare scenario for the Middle East began to come true. This is the history of how and why the U.S. military now has a permanent presence in the Middle East.

🚩In this interview, we also discuss the following:

• The dangers that U.S. military presence in the Middle East poses to U.S. democracy at home,
• History of America's military support of Israel,

• How America switched from Vietnam to the Middle East,
• The Shah of Iran,
• The Iran-Iraq War,
• History of some events that led up to the 9/11 tragedy, and
• What would happen if the U.S. military left the Middle East?

🚩About My Guest Scholar:

My guest for this episode, which was recorded in early January 2024, is Dr. Andrew Bacevich, co-founder and Emeritus Board Chair of the ⁠Quincy Institute for Responsible Statecraft⁠. He is Professor Emeritus of International Relations and History at⁠ BostonUniversity⁠. He is a graduate of West Point, a Vietnam War Veteran, and a retired colonel of the US Army.

Dr. Bacevich is the author, co-author, or editor of more than a dozen books, including the following:

• The New American Militarism,
• The Limits of Power,
• Paths of Dissent: Soldiers Speak Out against America’s Forever Wars, and
• America’s War for the Greater Middle East

🚩My Recommendations:

►⁠Iran's 1979 Revolution: Dr. Naghmeh Sohrabi, Brandeis University

►Iran's Grand Strategy: Dr. Vali Nasr, Johns Hopkins University

🚩Regarding Images:

Left: Pres. Jimmy Carter, 39th U.S. president (1977-81)

Center: Leonid Brezhnev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1964-82)

Right: Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, King of Iran (1941-79)

🚩Adel Aali

host & producer

☑️Where to find my program:

Home:⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://historybehindnews.com ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

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177 scholars and counting! So don't miss HbN guest scholars’ weekly takes on the history behind our news.

Alone in the Middle East! Imperial Iran… Safavids, Qajars, and even the Pahlavis - alone in the Middle East. And then, the Ayatollahs. Again, Iran alone in the Middle East.

🚩In this interview:

►What is it about Iran and its history that separates it from the rest of the Middle East?

►Who was Reza Shah and why is he so important to Iran's modern history?

►What was the Mohammad Reza Shah's primary national security fear?

►Have the Ayatollahs continued the Pahlavis' national security strategies?

►If not, in what respects are the Ayatollahs' national security strategies different than the Pahlavis'?

►If so, in what ways are they similar?

►What is forward defense?

►What is scared defense?

►What was the Shah's green plan?

🚩About My Guest Scholar:

Dr. Vali Nasr is a professor and former dean of International Affairs and Middle East Studies at the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies, where he is now the co-director of the SAIS Rethinking Iran Initiative.

Dr. Nasr has advised world leaders, business leaders, and senior American policymakers, including the U.S. President, Secretary of State, senior members of Congress, and presidential campaigns.

In this interview, we discuss his latest book - Iran's Grand Strategy: A Political History.

🚩My Recommendations:

►2003 and Iran-US Failed Diplomacy: a discussion of Dr. Nasr's book - The Dispensable Nation: American Foreign Policy in Retreat

►How U.S. Sanctions On Iran Backfired On America: a discussion of Dr. Nasr's book - How Sanctions Work: Iran and the Impact of Economic Warfare

►Ayatollahs of Iran: Dr. Nasr explains Iran's Byzantine government structure

►History of Hijab in Iran: a conversation with Dr. Janet Afary (U.C., Santa Barbara), author of Iranian Romance in the Digital Age: From Arranged Marriage to White Marriage (Sex, Family and Culture in the Middle East)

🚩Adel Aali

host & producer

☑️Where to find my program:

Home:⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://historybehindnews.com ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

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🎵 attribution, links and license for thetheme music in this podcast: The Success by Keys of Moon | ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://soundcloud.com/keysofmoon⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Music promoted by ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.free-stock-music.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠. Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0): ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

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