Inside Exercise

By Glenn McConellHealth & Fitness Fitness

Inside Exercise episodes

January 22, 2023 Inactivity- the imperceived muscle stressor with Dr Paul Greenhaff
Dr Glenn McConell chats with Professor Paul Greenhaff from the University of Nottingham in England. He has been a leader in exercise metabolism research for over 30 years. He was the top global researcher in creatine and exercise for many years. His focus over several years has been on inactivity. We discuss the metabolic effects of inactivity and immobilization on insulin sensitivity and protein synthesis.

0:00. Introduction and Paul’s academic journey
4:00. What is physical inactivity and how is it measured?
8:53. Inactivity itself has negative effects that are under appreciated
10:56. Rodent models of activity/inactivity
13:25. Bed rest + sitting time and insulin resistance
16:02. Rapid reduction in insulin sensitivity with immobilization
18:08. Inactivity not just the opposite of activity?
21:10. After immobilization the responses to exercise is less
22:22. Effect of prolonged immobilization
25:38. Effects on blood flow distribution?
27:55. Effects of immobilizing one arm on the other arm
29:42. Study with 60 days of bed rest
32.15. Does immobilization cause muscle inflammation?
34:45. Exercise increases glucose uptake into bone
36:10. Episodic immobilization and metabolism and muscle mass
41:20. Return of function after immobilization
42:38. Exercise/anabolic resistance
46:51. Inactivity the largest risk factor for death
49:25. Effect of age on muscle mass etc
52:45. Why does insulin sensitivity decrease then plateau
54:13. What’s more important, diet or exercise?
55:32. Rodents/ cells as models
58:26. Do exercise snacks overcome inactivity?
1:00:10. Brain grey matter and activity/inactivity
1:03:30. Exercise effects multiple organs/integrative physiology
1:06:33. Takeaway messages
1:08:04. Why avoiding insulin resistance is so important
1:10:43. Outro (9 secs)

Inside Exercise brings to you the who's who of research in exercise metabolism, exercise physiology and exercise’s effects on health. With scientific rigor, these researchers discuss popular exercise topics while providing practical strategies for all.

The interviewer, Emeritus Professor Glenn McConell, has an international research profile following 30 years of Exercise Metabolism research experience while at The University of Melbourne, Ball State University, Monash University, the University of Copenhagen and Victoria University.

He has published over 120 peer reviewed journal articles and recently edited an Exercise Metabolism eBook written by world experts on 17 different topics (https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-94305-9).

Connect with Inside Exercise and Glenn McConell at:
Twitter: @Inside_exercise and @GlennMcConell1
Instagram: insideexercise
Facebook: Glenn McConell
LinkedIn: Glenn McConell https://www.linkedin.com/in/glenn-mcconell-83475460
ResearchGate: Glenn McConell
Email: [email protected]

Subscribe to Inside exercise:
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1 hr 11 min
January 15, 2023 Altitude training and hypoxic conditioning with Dr Grégoire Millet
Dr Glenn McConell chats with Professor Grégoire Millet from the University of Lausanne in Switzerland. He is an absolute world leader in research into altitude training and hypoxic conditioning. This area has progressed greatly from Live High-Train High (LHTH) to Live High-Train Low (LHTL),
LLTH and LHTL (and High). The type of attitude training/hypoxic conditioning one would undertake depends on if training for endurance or team sports. We also discussed using low oxygen (hypoxia) and high oxygen (hyperoxia) for health benefits.

0:00. Introduction and Grégoire’s background
4:58. History of altitude training
6:52. Many combinations of altitude training
LHTH, Live High-Train Low (LHTL), LLTH, LHTL (and High)
9:45. Altitude and oxygen availability
12:45. Altitude vs breathing low oxygen: not the same
14:32. Immediate responses to hypoxia
20:12. Lower VO2 max at altitude
24:39. Absolute vs relative exercise intensity
25:46. Placebo effect?
28:45. Long-term responses to altitude
32:24. Need to exercise for optimal adaptations in muscle
33:34. LHTL
36:19. LLTH
41:34. Health effects of LLTH
43:04. Repeated sprints in hypoxia (RSH)
45:29. LLTH and improved blood vessel function
47:54. Health effects of low and high oxygen
54:50. Hypoventilation at low lung volume (VHL) to cause hypoxia
59:00. VO2 max training at altitude
1:00:55. Use more carbohydrate during exercise at altitude
1:02:30. Greater sympathetic activation (adrenaline etc) at altitude
1:04:52. Oxidative stress/ Reactive oxygen species
1:08:42. What doesn’t kill you makes you stronger
1:10:12. Manipulating repeated sprints duration to alter aerobic/anaerobic contributions
1:13:20. Specificity of training to achieve required outcomes
1:13:51. LHTL (and High) in Rugby players
1:17:40. LHTL and LHTL (and High) for endurance
1:19:09. Ultramarathon star Killian Jornet and altitude training
1:21:15. Controversies in the area
1:24:47. Health benefits the most exciting for him
1:25:37. Outro (9 secs)
Inside Exercise brings to you the who's who of exercise metabolism, exercise physiology and exercise’s effects on health. With scientific rigor, these researchers discuss popular exercise topics while providing practical strategies for all.

The interviewer, Emeritus Professor Glenn McConell, has an international research profile following 30 years of Exercise Metabolism research experience while at The University of Melbourne, Ball State University, Monash University, the University of Copenhagen and Victoria University.

He has published over 120 peer reviewed journal articles and recently edited an Exercise Metabolism eBook written by world experts on 17 different topics (https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-94305-9).
Connect with Inside Exercise and Glenn McConell at:
Twitter: @Inside_exercise and @GlennMcConell1
Instagram: insideexercise
Facebook: Glenn McConell
LinkedIn: Glenn McConell https://www.linkedin.com/in/glenn-mcconell-83475460
ResearchGate: Glenn McConell
Email: [email protected]
Subscribe to Inside exercise:
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1 hr 26 min
January 08, 2023 Exercise protects and treats fatty liver with Dr John Thyfault
Dr Glenn McConell chats with Professor John Thyfault from the University of Kansas Medical Center. We discuss how when one takes in more calories than they expend, this results in elevated fat and glucose in the blood which disrupts liver metabolism. This can result in fatty liver and insulin resistance. Exercise can prevent and treat fatty liver even independently of body weight. There are important sex differences too. We also touch on ketones, carbohydrates, insulin and the liver.

0:00. Introduction and how got into exercise/liver research
6:48. Liver metabolism during exercise
8:17. Liver and insulin resistance
10:55. Why get fatty liver?
13:28. Liver very adaptable to diet and exercise
15:52. Converting carbohydrates into fats/lipids in the liver
17:03. Why some overweight get fatty liver and others not
18:23. How exercise prevents/treats fatty liver
21:26. Liver tries to compensate for fatty liver but eventually overwhelmed
22:50. Excess calories vs exercise
Difference is turnover rate.
24:50. Liver as an energy converter
27:10. Liver uses fat for energy for new glucose production
28:15. What find of exercise to lower liver fat?
30:32. High fitness is protective of fatty liver
34:20. The body is very integrated across organs.
35:56. Energy balance and the liver
38:05. Can you outrun a bad diet?
40:40. Our dog makes an appearance!
40:46. How does the liver know we are exercising?
42:12. How does exercise make the liver more insulin sensitive?
42:44. Inactivity and the liver
44:11. Genetics/epigenetics
48:50. Sex differences and fatty liver
51:35. Translation of rodent studies to humans
54:09. Ketones, carbohydrates, insulin and the liver
58:10. Weight loss from calorie restriction vs exercise
59:09. Bile acid recycling and exercise capacity
1:02:04. Early life stress and obesity/running amount
1:04:10. Studies that worked out better than expected
1:07:26. Take home messages.
1:09:02. Outro (9 seconds)
Inside Exercise brings to you the who's who of exercise metabolism, exercise physiology and exercise’s effects on health. With scientific rigor, these researchers discuss popular exercise topics while providing practical strategies for all.

The interviewer, Emeritus Professor Glenn McConell, has an international research profile following 30 years of Exercise Metabolism research experience while at The University of Melbourne, Ball State University, Monash University, the University of Copenhagen and Victoria University.

He has published over 120 peer reviewed journal articles and recently edited an Exercise Metabolism eBook written by world experts on 17 different topics (https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-94305-9).
Connect with Inside Exercise and Glenn McConell at:
Twitter: @Inside_exercise and @GlennMcConell1
Instagram: insideexercise
Facebook: Glenn McConell
LinkedIn: Glenn McConell https://www.linkedin.com/in/glenn-mcconell-83475460
ResearchGate: Glenn McConell
Email: [email protected]
Subscribe to Inside exercise:
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3pSYnNSXDkNLH8rImzotgP?si=Whw_ThaERF6iIKwxutDoNA
Apple Podcasts: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/inside-exercise/03a07373-888a-472b-bf7e-a0ff155209b2
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1 hr 10 min
January 01, 2023 How does exercise affect metabolism after eating with Dr Javier Gonzalez
Dr Glenn McConell chats with Professor Javier Gonzalez from the University of Bath. We discuss carbohydrate (CHO) metabolism at rest when fasted vs fed, during exercise when fasted vs fed and the effects of exercise on metabolism after a meal. We also discuss muscle and liver glycogen resynthesis and the effects of different types and amounts of carbohydrate. Finally, we touch on Javier’s study with ketone supplementation and EPO.

0:00. Introduction
2:23. How got into exercise research
4:43. Metabolism at rest when fasted and in response to a meal
7:30. Effect of exercise on metabolism after a meal
9:15. Transient hypoglycemia during exercise after a meal (in some)
10:04. Effect of increasing amounts of glucose on blood glucose levels
12:21. Tracer studies to determine glucose turnover/flux
The glucose concentration does not tell us the rate of glucose appearance and disappearance. Need tracer methodologies to determine this.
18:06. Maximum rate of CHO can ingest during exercise
Glucose vs fructose etc.
20:55. Glycogen resynthesis after exercise
23:00. Indirect pathway of glucose metabolism in the liver
24:49. If exercising once per day generally don’t need to maximize glycogen levels
29:23. Glucose, fructose vs normal food/meals
31:17. Generally don’t need CHO loading or CHO ingestion if exercise is ~1hr
33:24. CHO backloading
35:52. Glucose spikes after eating are generally normal physiology
After a meal it is normal to have a “spike” (excursion) in glucose concentrations.
38:45. Research studies using fasted vs fed individuals
40:38. Time to exhaustion vs time trials
43:34. CHO ingestion reduces liver glycogen use
Is there a sensor from the liver to the brain that effects exercise performance?
46:28. Fasting, exercise intensity and CHO needs
49:03. Ingesting CHO and lactate measurements
50:50. Continuous glucose monitors
53:40. Often doesn’t find what he expected to in research
55:08. What’s he excited about right now?
58:35. Liver glycogenolysis vs gluconeogenesis during exercise
59:59. High exercise intensity and CHO metabolism
1:01:47. Different ways of measuring insulin sensitivity
The so-called gold standard to determine insulin sensitivity is the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp but it’s so different to eating meals.
1:04:58. Ketones, exercise and EPO
1:07:32. Endurance athletes generally benefit from high CHO diets
1:09:04. Take home messages
1:12:08. Outro (9 seconds)
Inside Exercise brings to you the who's who of exercise metabolism, exercise physiology and exercise’s effects on health. With scientific rigor, these researchers discuss popular exercise topics while providing practical strategies for all.
The interviewer, Emeritus Professor Glenn McConell, has an international research profile following 30 years of Exercise Metabolism research experience while at The University of Melbourne, Ball State University, Monash University, the University of Copenhagen and Victoria University.
He has published over 120 peer reviewed journal articles and recently edited an Exercise Metabolism eBook written by world experts on 17 different topics (https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-94305-9).
Connect with Inside Exercise and Glenn McConell at:
Twitter: @Inside_exercise and @GlennMcConell1
Instagram: insideexercise
Facebook: Glenn McConell
LinkedIn: Glenn McConell https://www.linkedin.com/in/glenn-mcconell-83475460
ResearchGate: Glenn McConell '
Email: [email protected]
Subscribe to Inside exercise:
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1 hr 13 min
December 25, 2022 Unravelling the mysteries of the vasculature in muscle with Dr Katrien de Bock
Dr Glenn McConell chats with Professor Katrien de Bock from ETH Zürich - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. We discussed how exercise training increases blood vessels in skeletal muscle. Also muscle cells and blood vessels in regards to injury/repair and cancer. We also discussed exercise and leucine sensitivity.
0:00. Introduction
2:00. What is the vasculature. Blood vessels Endothelial cells etc
5:46. Redirecting blood to the muscle during exercise
7:16. Exercise training increases blood vessels in muscle
8:50. Exercise also improves blood vessel function
10:13. How does exercise increase muscle blood vessels? Called angiogenesis. It appears there is either sprouting or splitting into two. Not clear still.
14:32. Does every study you do work? Need resilience. “Negative data”.
19:06. Types of cells in blood vessels/ cell cross talk Satellite cells, white blood cells etc.
21:05. Muscle repair and blood vessel cells Timing important. Anti inflammatories
24:20. Too many anti inflammatories not ideal For adaptations to exercise and muscle repair.
24:44. Exercise blood flow stimulates blood vessel growth/angiogenesis Also vascular endothelial growth factor.
27:07. Hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1a) Exercise is an adaptive response to stress 29:28. Endothelial cells differ between organs The experimental models that she uses. Metabolically active endothelial cells.
33.17. Different types of exercise and blood vessel growth
35:35. Blood vessels and satellite cells
37:30. The importance of cell, animal and human studies
38:35. Keep eyes open to collaborations from left field Serendipity and persistence. Apold1.
43:07. Blood flow restriction/iliac artery endofibrosis
46:27. Exercise and leucine sensitivity Timing of protein intake after exercise not important. Anabolic resistance.
50:45. Takeaway messages
52:40. Exercise, cancer and blood vessels etc
54:34. Outro (9 seconds)
Inside Exercise brings to you the who's who of exercise metabolism, exercise physiology and exercise’s effects on health. With scientific rigor, these researchers discuss popular exercise topics while providing practical strategies for all.
The interviewer, Emeritus Professor Glenn McConell, has an international research profile following 30 years of Exercise Metabolism research experience while at The University of Melbourne, Ball State University, Monash University, the University of Copenhagen and Victoria University.
He has published over 120 peer reviewed journal articles and recently edited an Exercise Metabolism eBook written by world experts on 17 different topics (https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-94305-9).
Connect with Inside Exercise and Glenn McConell at:
Twitter: @Inside_exercise and @GlennMcConell1
Instagram: insideexercise
Facebook: Glenn McConell
LinkedIn: Glenn McConell https://www.linkedin.com/in/glenn-mcconell-83475460
ResearchGate: Glenn McConell
Email: [email protected]
Subscribe to Inside exercise:
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3pSYnNSXDkNLH8rImzotgP?si=Whw_ThaERF6iIKwxutDoNA
Apple Podcasts: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/inside-exercise/03a07373-888a-472b-bf7e-a0ff155209b2
Google Podcasts: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy84ZTdiY2ZkMC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Anchor: https://anchor.fm/insideexercise
Podcast Addict: https://podcastaddict.com/podcast/4025218
55 min
December 07, 2022 Herman's theory that exercise doesn't affect body weight with Dr Herman Pontzer
Dr Glenn McConell chats with Professor Herman Pontzer who is a Human Evolutionary anthropologist from Duke University. Herman has undertaken research with current day hunter gather communities and shown that although they are a lot more physically active than western societies, their average energy expenditures are not higher!! Constrained energy model (energy compensation): that when exercise the body constrains other energy use so less change in energy expenditure than would expect. Based on this he has the theory that exercise doesn’t affect energy expenditure/body weight. Glenn challenged these ideas and was a devils advocate throughout this discussion.
0:00. Introduction
1:47. Herman was surprised Hadza hunter gathers don’t have high energy expenditures
7:39. Others had found dissociations between PA and energy expenditure
8:34. So I ride 1hr/day and walk 10,000 steps but don’t expend more energy?!
9:43. Constrained energy model
11:20. Minnesota starvation experiment
14:30. Starvation vs extreme exercise
16:30. Midwest exercise 2 study
17:05. Constrained energy model takes time
18:51. Some people can push past the constrained energy model
21:20. Within subjects vs cross sectional effects re Constrained energy model
23:58. He found higher body fat compensate more with exercise
26:12. Optimal BMI for all cause mortality increasing
28:00. BMR, energy expenditure and the Constrained energy model
32:39. Double labeled water method
35:19. RER and double labeled water method
37:50. Measuring food intake in Hunter gathers
40:02. Given his model, shouldn’t athletes that eat a lot put on weight?
42:29. Amount can exercise where overcome Constrained energy model
44:44. Lack of weight loss in exercise studies
49:04. Agree that there must be some energy compensation with exercise
51:12. Relative energy deficiency in sport vs energy compensation
53:40. Exercise and resting metabolic rate
56:09. Cooking potatoes doubles the energy density?!
57:38. He thinks diet determines body weight
1:00:17. Hunger/satiety
1:01:38. Losing weight with exercise and hunger hormones
1:03:21. Genetics x environment re obesity crisis
1:05:58. Hadza don’t mix CHO and fat foods
1:07:52. Components that may play a role in the constrained energy model
1:12:41. Outro (9 seconds)
Inside Exercise brings to you the who's who of exercise metabolism, exercise physiology and exercise’s effects on health. With scientific rigor, these researchers discuss popular exercise topics while providing practical strategies for all.
The interviewer, Emeritus Professor Glenn McConell, has an international research profile following 30 years of Exercise Metabolism research experience while at The University of Melbourne, Ball State University, Monash University, the University of Copenhagen and Victoria University.
He has published over 120 peer reviewed journal articles and recently edited an Exercise Metabolism eBook written by world experts on 17 different topics (https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-94305-9).

Connect with Inside Exercise and Glenn McConell at:
Twitter: @Inside_exercise and @GlennMcConell1
Instagram: insideexercise
Facebook: Glenn McConell
LinkedIn: Glenn McConell https://www.linkedin.com/in/glenn-mcconell-83475460
ResearchGate: Glenn McConell
Email: [email protected]

Subscribe to Inside exercise:
Spotify
Apple Podcasts
Google Podcasts
YouTube
Anchor
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1 hr 13 min
November 18, 2022 Your parent's diet and exercise affects your health with Dr Laurie Goodyear
Dr Glenn McConell chats with Professor Laurie Goodyear from the Joslin Diabetes Centre at Harvard Medical School. Laurie is a very big name in the field of exercise metabolism with a remarkable track record. She has examined glucose and fat metabolism during exercise and more recently has been focusing on developmental origins of health and disease and the benefits of exercise. Exercise of the mother, the father and even the grandmother has beneficial effects on offspring, especially if the parents were on a high fat diet. The role of epigenetics is discussed.
0:00. Introduction
3:20. How Laurie ended up in exercise research. Started off very applied and then mechanistic.
8:02. Developmental origins of health and disease. Dutch famine etc.
12:22. Rodents allow observations over a lifetime.
13:00. Genetics and epigenetics
17:30. What you do during your life affects what’s passed on
18:30. Maternal exercise and offspring health. High fat diets with and without exercise
25:50. Effects on the placenta /liver SOD3 activates AMPK. Need normal Vitamin D and exercise
28:20. Human studies appear to fit with the rodent findings
33:00. Paternal exercise and offspring health High fat diets with and without exercise
37:40. Grand-maternal exercise
40:29. Voluntary wheel running
42:08. Recommendations before conceive
44:00. Translation of mice running wheel results to humans. Normally active is the control. Sedentary behaviour is the treatment.
49:36. Real life: Things not working in the lab
52:34. How much the high fat diet vs obesity?
54:38. Exercise early in life can overcome issues. Pancreas.
58:10. Organ cross talk. Fat cells and exercise. Adipokines. Lactate signaling the adipose tissue.
1:01:03. Take away messages.
Inside Exercise brings to you the who's who of exercise metabolism, exercise physiology and exercise’s effects on health. With scientific rigor, these researchers discuss popular exercise topics while providing practical strategies for all.
The interviewer, Emeritus Professor Glenn McConell, has an international research profile following 30 years of Exercise Metabolism research experience while at The University of Melbourne, Ball State University, Monash University, the University of Copenhagen and Victoria University.
He has published over 120 peer reviewed journal articles and recently edited an Exercise Metabolism eBook written by world experts on 17 different topics (https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-94305-9).
Connect with Inside Exercise and Glenn McConell at:
Twitter: @Inside_exercise and @GlennMcConell1
Instagram: insideexercise
Facebook: Glenn McConell
LinkedIn: Glenn McConell https://www.linkedin.com/in/glenn-mcconell-83475460
ResearchGate: Glenn McConell
Email: [email protected]
Subscribe to Inside exercise:
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3pSYnNSXDkNLH8rImzotgP?si=Whw_ThaERF6iIKwxutDoNA
Apple Podcasts: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/inside-exercise/03a07373-888a-472b-bf7e-a0ff155209b2
Google Podcasts: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy84ZTdiY2ZkMC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Anchor: https://anchor.fm/insideexercise
Podcast Addict: https://podcastaddict.com/podcast/4025218
YouTube: youtube.com/@insideexercise
1 hr 4 min
November 12, 2022 Muscle fatigue with Dr Håkan Westerblad
Dr Glenn McConell chats with Professor Håkan Westerblad from the Karolinska Insitute in Sweden. Håkan is a massive name in the field examining the mechanisms of muscle fatigue. The first 20 min is a general discussion of fatigue during exercise which is suitable for a general audience. Then it becomes more complex as as we discuss the mechanisms causing fatigue.
0:00. Introduction
0:56. His background, semi-retired, Scandinavian research
5:36. Definition of fatigue
7:39. Potential sites of fatigue. Central vs peripheral fatigue.
10:34. Fatigue during exercise in the heat.
14:02. Eccentric/concentric contractions and force/fatigue
17:22. Eccentric exercise and muscle soreness
18:16. Lactic acid and delayed muscle soreness
20:26. Mechanisms of skeletal muscle fatigue.
24:35. Methods in muscle and humans fibers.
25:50. Mechanisms of fatigue during 100m sprint.
31:28. Creatine supplementation and fatigue.
33:22. Fatigue, acidity and physiological temperature.
35:47. Lactate beneficial?/protective?
37:26. Lactate threshold.
38:37. Calcium and fatigue. Sodium-potassium pumps.
40:50. Energy used for contraction vs maintaining muscle ion levels.
43:46. Mechanisms of fatigue during 400m running race.
45:30. Muscle fibre types and fatigue. Calcium and fatigue.
50:13. All out 400m run versus 400m repeats
50:36. Muscle glycogen, prolonged exercise and fatigue.
56:50. Sodium potassium pump and fatigue.
1:00:40. Mental fatigue and nitrate.
1:06:20. Recovery and training responses. Low frequency fatigue etc.
1:12:35. Antioxidants/free radicals and adaptation/fatigue. Too many antioxidants can have a negative effect.
1:21:28. Studies that need to be done.
1:26:40. Lactate acid causes burning feeling?
1:28:20. AMP-kinase activation during exercise.
1:31:10. Key take home messages.
Inside Exercise brings to you the who's who of exercise metabolism, exercise physiology and exercise’s effects on health. With scientific rigor, these researchers discuss popular exercise topics while providing practical strategies for all.
The interviewer, Emeritus Professor Glenn McConell, has an international research profile following 30 years of Exercise Metabolism research experience while at The University of Melbourne, Ball State University, Monash University, the University of Copenhagen and Victoria University.
He has published over 120 peer reviewed journal articles and recently edited an Exercise Metabolism eBook written by world experts on 17 different topics (https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-94305-9).
Connect with Inside Exercise and Glenn McConell at:
Twitter: @Inside_exercise and @GlennMcConell1
Instagram: insideexercise
Facebook: Glenn McConell
LinkedIn: Glenn McConell
https://www.linkedin.com/in/glenn-mcconell-83475460
ResearchGate: Glenn McConell
Email: [email protected]
Subscribe to Inside exercise:
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3pSYnNSXDkNLH8rImzotgP?si=Whw_ThaERF6iIKwxutDoNA
Apple Podcasts: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/inside-exercise/03a07373-888a-472b-bf7e-a0ff155209b2
Google Podcasts: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy84ZTdiY2ZkMC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Anchor: https://anchor.fm/insideexercise
Podcast Addict: https://podcastaddict.com/podcast/4025218
YouTube: youtube.com/@insideexercise
1 hr 35 min
November 04, 2022 Muscle injury, repair and aging with Dr Abigail Mackey
Dr Glenn McConell chats with Associate Professor Abigail Mackey from the University of Copenhagen. Abigail is an expert on muscle injury, repair and aging. They discussed these plus the protective effect of repeated bouts of eccentric exercise, whether it’s smart to take anti-inflammatories after injury, different types and areas of injuries, causes of injuries, treatment of muscle injuries, muscle innervation, exercise and age and more.
0:00. Introduction and how got into the area
4:32. Composition of skeletal muscle. Muscle biopsies, mixed muscle, single muscle fibers etc.
8:31. Muscles response to injury. Satellite cells.
12:12. Muscle regeneration after injury. Biopsies, eccentric exercise and electrical stimulation.
15:41. Protective effect of repeated eccentric exercise. Don’t get sore when repeated bouts.
19:42. Smart to take anti-inflammatories after injury?
23:20. Different types and areas of injury.
28:25. Causes of injuries.
31:30. Treatment of muscle injuries.
33:54. Treatment of chronic tendon injuries.
36:23. Aging and injuries. Get injuries more frequently. Less motor neurons and less muscle fibers with age.
45:54. Muscle innervation, exercise and age.
58:58. Do you find what you expect when do studies? So-called negative findings.
1:07:35. How elevated creatine kinase when no damage?
Inside Exercise brings to you the who's who of exercise metabolism, exercise physiology and exercise’s effects on health. With scientific rigor, these researchers discuss popular exercise topics while providing practical strategies for all.
The interviewer, Emeritus Professor Glenn McConell, has an international research profile following 30 years of Exercise Metabolism research experience while at The University of Melbourne, Ball State University, Monash University, the University of Copenhagen and Victoria University.
He has published over 120 peer reviewed journal articles and recently edited an Exercise Metabolism eBook written by world experts on 17 different topics (https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-94305-9).
Connect with Inside Exercise and Glenn McConell at:
Twitter: @Inside_exercise and @GlennMcConell1
Instagram: insideexercise
Facebook: Glenn McConell
LinkedIn: Glenn McConell https://www.linkedin.com/in/glenn-mcconell-83475460
ResearchGate: Glenn McConell
Email: [email protected]
Subscribe to Inside exercise:
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3pSYnNSXDkNLH8rImzotgP?si=Whw_ThaERF6iIKwxutDoNA
Apple Podcasts: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/inside-exercise/03a07373-888a-472b-bf7e-a0ff155209b2
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1 hr 9 min
October 27, 2022 Exercise and insulin action with Dr Jorgen Wojtaszewski
Dr Glenn McConell chats with Professor Jorgen Wojtaszewski from the University of Copenhagen. Jorgen has an exceptional track record of research examining how exercise increases glucose uptake during the exercise and how exercise increases the sensitivity of muscle to insulin. We discuss insulin resistance, insulin sensitivity, type 1 diabetes and exercise, type 2 diabetes and exercise, glucose uptake during exercise, glucose uptake after exercise, best exercise to increase insulin action, gender effects, aging effects etc. Also the likelihood of developing a drug to mimic exercise’s effect of insulin sensitivity.
0:00. Introduction and how he got into the area
2:47. Exercise, insulin and insulin after exercise
5:00. Exercise, insulin and type 1 diabetes. Historical factors re exercise and insulin
8:50. Exercise and type 2 diabetes
13:54. Better to prevent diabetes than treat
15:00. Mechanisms that exercise increases insulin action One bout (acute) of exercise vs exercise training (chronic)
20:00. Each bout of exercise increases insulin sensitivity For 24-48 hrs. 22:13. Best exercise to increase insulin action
24:11. Glycogen use during exercise and insulin action
27:20. Acute exercise after exercise training Is there an upper limit to insulin sensitivity of muscle.
29:26. Researchers usually involve well controlled people with T2D Can we assume we’d get the same results if involved people with T2D on medications etc. 31:00. Struggles/failures in the lab Winston Churchill. “Going from failure to failures without losing enthusiasm”. Be open to learn from mistakes.
33:22. Story telling in science Stick with original introduction/rationale. Problem of lack of hypotheses. So called “negative findings”.
37:12. Sex differences
39:52. Aging effects Possibly due to less physically active. Same with T2D, tend to be less PA.
41:45. How know if insulin sensitive?
45:05. Variability between individuals
48:02. Personalized phosphorylation of proteins Application to insulin resistance. Also cancer.
52:02. Insulin resistance central to many diseases Chicken or the egg?
53:45. Possibility of an exercise pill and would it be safe? AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)!specifically. Possibly eventually a treatment but not a cure.
58:22. Take home messages.
Inside Exercise brings to you the who's who of exercise metabolism, exercise physiology and exercise’s effects on health. With scientific rigor, these researchers discuss popular exercise topics while providing practical strategies for all.
The interviewer, Emeritus Professor Glenn McConell, has an international research profile following 30 years of Exercise Metabolism research experience while at The University of Melbourne, Ball State University, Monash University, the University of Copenhagen and Victoria University.
He has published over 120 peer reviewed journal articles and recently edited an Exercise Metabolism eBook written by world experts on 17 different topics (https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-94305-9).
Connect with Inside Exercise and Glenn McConell at:
Twitter: @Inside_exercise and @GlennMcConell1
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LinkedIn: Glenn McConell https://www.linkedin.com/in/glenn-mcconell-83475460
ResearchGate: Glenn McConell
Email: [email protected]
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1 hr 1 min

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Inside Exercise brings the absolute who's who of researchers in exercise physiology and metabolism and exercise’s effects on health. With scientific rigor, these researchers discuss popular exercise topics while providing practical strategies for all.