Moving the partnership between the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and its Asia-Pacific partners from dialogue to cooperation is becoming increasingly urgent as Russia and China create a two-front challenge for the United States and its allies. But maritime security, hybrid warfare challenges, and increasing automation are ideal points of departure to get cooperation off the ground.

Rapid technological change and global interconnection have changed the maritime threat environment and the capabilities that nations use to address it. Maritime hybrid warfare threats from Russia and China are on the rise. These operations are generally conducted in coastal waters and feature the use of civilian and coast guard vessels manned by non-uniformed personnel armed with off-the-shelf systems. 

Are the US and its allies prepared for these threats? Warships are expensive and should be built to last 30 years or more. But the frequent emergence of new threats involving complex actors challenges ships’ lifespans. In the Russia-Ukraine War and in Operation Prosperity Guardian in the Red Sea, allies and partner forces shoot down cheap enemy drones with missiles that cost millions.

Should Washington and its allies build smaller and cheaper ships and create redundancy to reduce vulnerability? Can the defense industry develop laser technology to shoot down enemy drones and replace expensive missiles? Can greater flexibility, rather than specialization, guide the development of warships to prepare them for a variety of complex threats? Is US and allied ship production sufficient to meet the demand for affordable capabilities at a time when national defenses are stretched thin?

Hudson’s Liselotte Odgaard will moderate a panel with Benedetta Berti, the head of policy planning in the Office of the NATO Secretary General, Tsuneo Watanabe, senior fellow at the Sasakawa Peace Foundation, Senior Fellow Peter Rough, and Japan Chair Ken Weinstein to discuss these issues.