Pacey Performance Podcast

In this episode of the Pacey Performance Podcast, Fearghal Kerin, Rehabilitation Physiotherapist, Chelsea Football Club, discusses the growing prevalence of T-junction hamstring injuries and the importance of location-specific rehabilitation strategies.

Fearghal outlines his background, highlighting his PhD focused on hamstring injuries and his work in professional sports, including football and rugby. He emphasizes the evolving role of strength and conditioning coaches in injury rehabilitation and the need for a nuanced approach to managing hamstring injuries based on their anatomical location.

Hamstring injuries are classified into sprint-type and stretch-type, with the T-junction—a confluence of the long and short head of the biceps femoris—being particularly susceptible to injury. This area is complex due to its dual force vectors, dual nerve supply, and bi-articular function, making it challenging to rehabilitate.

Fearghal discusses the necessity of considering biomechanical positions and sport-specific actions when diagnosing and treating hamstring injuries. He highlights that traditional low-level resistance exercises may not effectively prepare athletes, advocating for high-intensity conditioning contractions instead.

He stresses the importance of eliminating MRI signs before returning to play, as unresolved edema and tension can increase the risk of reinjury. Specific tissue loading and exercise selection are crucial, with a focus on exercises that respect the injury’s anatomical structure.

Research indicates that T-junction injuries, though complex, do not necessarily lead to worse outcomes than other hamstring injuries if managed correctly. This podcast concludes with a call for more research and personalized rehabilitation strategies to optimize recovery and prevent recurrence.

Main talking points:

• Implement location-specific rehab for hamstring injuries

In this episode of the Pacey Performance Podcast, Gerard McMahon joins us to discuss "activation" exercises and their role in improving performance and preparation. Activation exercises have long been touted for their ability to improve performance by targeting specific muscle groups and maximizing motor unit recruitment. However, Gerard challenges this notion, suggesting that these exercises, often misunderstood and misapplied, may not be as beneficial as many people think.

Gerard explains that muscle activation is fundamentally a function of the neuromuscular system, controlled by motor unit recruitment and firing rates. Activation exercises, while intended to improve performance, often do not significantly enhance muscle activation in healthy athletes. Instead, these exercises may be more appropriate for rehabilitation of severe cases or specific disabilities.

EMG (electromyography) studies, commonly used to measure muscle activation, have limitations due to the complexity of interpreting muscle signals and potential inaccuracies from surface electrodes. As a result, the practical value of EMG-based activation exercises is questioned. Low-level resistance band exercises, such as monster walks and side steps, are criticized for their minimal impact on performance enhancement. These exercises, often used in warm-ups, may not provide the necessary muscle activation levels to prepare athletes effectively for high-intensity activities.

Gerard suggests that high-intensity contractions are a better alternative for post-activation potentiation, which can lead to greater performance improvements. These high-intensity activities, combined with a proper warm-up, are more effective in enhancing neuromuscular readiness and overall athletic performance. In summary, the podcast casts doubt on the traditional use of activation exercises, advocating for high-intensity exercise in the form of PAP as a superior method for athlete preparation and performance enhancement.

Main talking points:

• Reevaluate the effectiveness of activation exercise

In this episode of the Pacey Performance Podcast, John Noonan, Warren Bradley, Vasek Jursík and Lucas Baistrocchi discuss the significance of Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) training within the athlete recovery pyramid, highlighting its benefits for improving recovery and performance.

BFR training is emphasized as a crucial recovery method, particularly effective when integrated with other modalities. Practitioners are encouraged to consider individual athlete needs, limitations, and evidence-based practices when choosing recovery methods. BFR is praised for its versatility and ease of integration into existing recovery routines.

The discussion covers how BFR can enhance nutrient intake, glucose uptake, and muscle recovery, making it a valuable addition to recovery strategies. The guests point out that BFR's simplicity and cost-effectiveness contribute to its growing popularity among athletes and coaches.

Positive results from using BFR during workouts and in daily routines are highlighted, with specific examples from team sports, Formula One drivers, and professional rugby coaches. BFR's ability to improve muscle fatigue, neural drive, and overall recovery in various sports is discussed.

Research on BFR shows significant improvements in recovery, performance, and rehabilitation, particularly in higher muscle mass individuals and males. Combining BFR with ice bath therapy further enhances recovery by reducing muscle soreness and fatigue.

BFR's potential benefits extend to improving sleep quality and aiding in recovery for athletes with unpredictable schedules. The podcast also notes the growing adoption of BFR in both elite and amateur sports due to its scientifically backed benefits, safety, and accessibility.

Wanting to know more about blood flow restriction training and its place in the athlete recovery pyramid, give this episode a listen.

Main talking points:

• Integrate BFR into existing recovery routines

In this episode of the Pacey Performance Podcast, Sports Scientist at the Melbourne Storm rugby league club, Rob Delves discusses the growing use of PowerBI in sports science for data analysis and visualization.

PowerBI is becoming a preferred tool over Excel due to its efficiency in handling larger data sets from multiple sources. Rob emphasizes the importance of upskilling in data analysis and communication within sports science, as resources can be limited. PowerBI provides streamlined data management and visualization capabilities, allowing for more advanced data manipulation than Excel. Its easy access, customization options, and cost-effectiveness make it an attractive alternative.

Rob highlights that PowerBI offers a uniform platform for data access and management, reducing the need for physical report distribution and potential errors. It integrates smoothly with existing Microsoft Office suites and ensures data security through multi-factor authentication. The transition from Excel to PowerBI is facilitated by their similar layouts, making it user-friendly for those familiar with Excel.

The podcast also covers the benefits of PowerBI in saving time through automation, which allows coaches to focus more on coaching rather than data entry. Data from training sessions can be quickly synced into PowerBI, streamlining the analysis process. However, Rob notes the challenges in collecting subjective data from athletes, as it may not always be reliable.

Rob concludes by discussing the integration of APIs for advanced data analysis, the importance of investing in data science skills, and the creative visualization opportunities that PowerBI offers. He suggests that while PowerBI is excellent for data reporting, it may not be the best tool for integrating video analysis.

Main talking points:

• The importance of efficiency in data analysis and communication

In episode #499 of the Pacey Performance Podcast, Rob is joined by guests Enda King, Ed Gannon, and Steve Short to delve into the intricacies of preventing and managing groin injuries. They emphasize the importance of monitoring and managing training loads, particularly during transitions from pre-season to in-season phases. The discussion highlights the need for regular assessments of range of motion, neuromuscular status, and strength, coupled with close communication with athletic training staff and massage therapists.

The conversation covers how groin injuries often stem from asymmetries, stressing the necessity of identifying and managing these imbalances. This includes assessing load, function, and tissue tolerance during rehabilitation, and recognizing that asymmetry can vary by sport and individual.

The guests also address the identification of high-risk players and the early warning signs of groin pain. They discuss strategies for mitigating risk, such as investigating markers like range of motion and hip strength, and implementing conservative training loads and reactivation exercises. Effective rehabilitation involves focusing on hip and trunk control, monitoring activities that provoke injury, and following a structured five-phase strategy for adductor strains.

Furthermore, the podcast touches on the importance of individualized rehabilitation, taking into account each athlete's specific deficits and symptoms. They discuss the utility of various testing and monitoring methods, including unilateral long lever assessments and cutting assessments, to identify and address the root causes of groin injuries.

In summary, the podcast underscores the necessity of a comprehensive approach involving regular monitoring, individualized rehabilitation strategies, and effective communication among all stakeholders to effectively prevent and manage groin injuries in ice hockey players.

Main talking points:

• Assess range of motion and strength regularly.

In this episode of the Pacey Performance Podcast, Rob sits down with Physiotherapist and Head of the Assessment Lab at Aspetar, Roula Kotsifaki to delve into the critical role of technology and specific testing protocols in determining an athlete's readiness to return to play after an ACL injury.

Roula emphasizes the importance of measuring asymmetries, movement quality, and strength to prevent future injuries. Key highlights include the construction of sensitive testing protocols to measure key competencies. Roula discusses the significance of hop tests and jump tests in identifying asymmetries and the role of landing variability in ACL rehabilitation. She highlights the use of 3D force plates and cameras to accurately assess power metrics and joint contributions during vertical and horizontal jumps, which are crucial for evaluating an athlete's readiness.

Roula also details which metrics we should trust and which we shouldn't, and that includes her questioning the use of rate of force development related metrics. Furthermore, Roula stresses that successful return to play after ACL surgery requires comprehensive rehabilitation and shouldn't be determined by a timeline. Just because you are at 9-months post surgery, it doesn't mean that you're ready. Being "ready" should be based on achieving specific competencies.

Listeners can gain insights into the best practices for ACL rehabilitation, the use of technology in assessing readiness, and the critical metrics for ensuring a safe and effective return to play.

Key points:

• Importance of technology in ACL rehabilitation.

On this episode of the Pacey Performance Podcast, Rob is speaking to 3 experts when it comes to the research and application of force plates, Phil Graham-Smith, Matt Jordan and Paul Read.

The converation starts off with Phil diving into how we choose a force plate and what are our options to ensure we are choosing the right technology for our needs. Phil highlights the importance of having a clear objective when selecting force plates, as knowing what and why we are testing is crucial for effective usage.

The experts discuss the benefits of using dual force plates for tracking asymmetries in athletes, which is particularly useful in rehabilitation scenarios. This approach not only helps in pinpointing discrepancies but also in enhancing overall performance by ensuring both sides are equally developed.

Listeners will also discover the importance of instantaneous feedback and robust data analysis provided by force plate software. Such features are integral for integrating with other measurement devices and offer real-time insights that can dramatically influence training decisions.

Jump mechanics are another focal point of the discussion, illustrating how jump height, ground contact time, and the duration of eccentric and concentric phases are pivotal metrics for measuring athlete fatigue and performance. Understanding these metrics within a standardized framework helps in effectively interpreting the data and making informed training adjustments.

The podcast also covers practical techniques, such as the hands-on hips method, to ensure consistent and reliable data collection during jump tests. Furthermore, the discussion extends to how force plates can aid in classifying ACL injuries through detailed analysis of jump measures and mechanical variables, providing invaluable support in rehabilitation and training regimes.

Towards the end of the podcast, the conversation shifts to the importance of selecting the most reliable metrics and avoiding those that are less consistent, such as the rate of force development. The experts stress focusing on metrics with a strong biological basis and high repeatability to ensure the data collected is both accurate and useful.

This episode is an indispensable resource for coaches, athletes, and sports scientists eager to leverage advanced technology to enhance athletic performance and prevent injuries.

Main talking points:

• Understand various force plate types for specific needs.

In episode 496 of the Pacey Performance Podcast, Rob is talking to Mitch Cholewinski, Coordinator of Football Sports Science at the University of Nebraska.

Mitch starts off with detailing his unusual route into sports science and explains how he applies process dynamics from chemical engineering to manage and optimize athlete training regimens through flowcharts and decision trees. His work at the Nebraska Athletics Performance Lab focuses on biomechanics and sports science, where he has been instrumental in expanding the sports science department. Mitch emphasizes the importance of educating athletes on data collection and the use of new recovery resources like sauna, red light therapy, and sensory deprivation float tanks, ensuring athletes take an active role in their recovery processes.

The podcast also covers how Mitch collaborates with strength coaches and integrates with the strength staff to enhance recovery and performance using data-driven methods. He utilizes visual aids and quick communication methods to address performance issues in real-time, fostering a proactive approach to athlete management. This episode is a unique insight into sports science provision at a division 1 football programme. Check it out.

Main talking points:

• Integrating engineering principles into sports science

In this episode of the Pacey Performance Podcast, Rob is speaking to Consultant, Physio and Biomechanist at the Manchester Institute of Health and Performance, Chris Bramah.

Delving into the intricacies of running mechanics, Chris explains the crucial connection between specific movement patterns and the risk of hamstring injuries. Through his expertise, listeners gain an understanding of how lumbar-pelvic control, backside mechanics, and overstriding play pivotal roles in athlete health and performance. The conversation further explores the cutting-edge technology of 3D biomechanics assessments, highlighting their application in elite sports environments including Premier League football clubs, to optimize rehabilitation strategies and return-to-play decisions.

Chris then introduces the Sprint Mechanics Assessment Score (S-MAS), a novel, simplified tool he developed—a 12-item score that utilizes basic camera setups to assess movement mechanics effectively during athletes' warm-ups. This tool is designed to enhance the confidence of practitioners in diagnosing and addressing potential issues.

The discussion touches on the future of biomechanical assessments in sports, emphasizing the promising yet still evolving role of artificial intelligence and motion capture technologies. Chris shares his holistic approach to integrating clinical research with practical experience, aiming to create a broader impact on patient outcomes and advance the field of sports medicine.

Main talking points:

• The role of 3D biomechanics in rehab and return-to-play.

In episode #494 of the Pacey Performance Podcast, Rob is speaking to Senior Lecturer in Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy at the University of Notre Dame, Brady Green for a detailed exploration of calf injuries, particularly their high prevalence and recurrence in elite sports. Brady sheds light on the limited research surrounding the initial risk factors for calf strains, emphasizing the necessity for focused prevention and effective rehabilitation strategies.

The conversation begins with an overview of how prevalent calf injuries are in sports like Australian rules football and track and field, noting the challenges in reducing their incidence despite ongoing efforts. Brady points out that older athletes and those with a history of previous calf strains are particularly susceptible to future injuries. He suggests that targeted prevention through high-load strengthening and isometric exercises can induce structural adaptations that help mitigate these risks.

The podcast delves into the specifics of screening and testing for calf injury prevention and rehabilitation. It highlights the importance of strength testing in both seated and standing positions, the relevance of dorsiflexion, proper alignment, and the use of a metronome to standardize tests for running-based athletes.

Further discussion focuses on the need for dynamic function testing and training, including reactive strength endurance and horizontal force production, to fully understand and cater to the calf’s range of capacities. Brady emphasizes the biomechanical roles of the calf and the necessity of addressing impairments not just in the calf but also in the thigh, hip, and pelvis to prevent overload injuries.

The podcast concludes with strategies for early loading and strengthening of synergist muscles, progressing towards dynamic activities that focus on force and velocity components essential for calf injury rehabilitation. It also covers the critical steps of a thorough process for returning to play, including monitoring strength markers and assessing non-quantifiable factors like recovery and range of motion.

Finally, Brady touches upon an international collaboration project aimed at preventing calf injuries which includes some of the biggest organisations across the world. You can check Brady out at the Sportsmith Rehab Conference on 12-13 October.

Main talking points:

• Calf injuries prevalent, high recurrence in elite sports.