Physician Assistant Exam Review

Red Blood Cells Priming Questions What are the four polypeptide chains that make up hemoglobin? Define polycythemia What does MCV stand for and what does it mean? Define hemolysis. Red Blood Cells Simplified The specific shape of a RBC gives it an increased surface area for better gas exchange and flexibility for fitting into tiny […]

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Red Blood cells, White blood cells, Platelets Our Three Basic Problems We either have to many We don’t have enough What’s being made isn’t working correctly Cytoses Polycythemia – to many RBC’s Thrombocytosis -to many Platelets Cytopenias Anemia – low RBC Leukopenia  -low WBC Coagulation disorders Clotting factor disorders – messed up clotting factors  Thrombocytopenias […]

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Parotitis/Sialadentitis Painful swelling of the parotid one or both parotid glands Cause Viral infection Historically the number one cause was the mumps Parainfluenza and Epstein barr are the most common HIV Bacterial infection Staph Aureus is the most common bacteria Autoimmune disease Sjogrens Blockage Stone Mucus plug Dehydration Clinical Presentation Facial swelling Facial pain Difficulty […]

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Oropharyngeal Infections/Inflammatory disorders Aphthous ulcers (Canker sore) Round ulcer on oral mucosa Unknown etiology Clinical Presentation Small open sore in the mouth The sore is yellow or white Labs, Studies and Physical Exam Findings Clinical diagnosis Treatment Self limiting ½ hydrogen peroxide or chlorhexidine mouthwash Corticosteroids Oral candidiasis (Thrush) Yeast infection of the mouth 50% […]

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Acute/chronic sinusitis An inflammation/infection of the sinuses Typically secondary to an upper respiratory infection or seasonal allergies Most common pathogens Strep pneumoniae Haemophilus Influenzae Moraxella catarrhalis Staph aureus Predisposing Factors Anything that obstructs drainage from the sinuses Smoking – (decreases movement of cilia) Deviated septum Cystic fibrosis Large adenoids Clinical Presentation I’ve had a cold […]

The post S2 E70 The Nose and Sinuses appeared first on Physician Assistant Exam Review.

Acoustic Neuroma (Vestibular Schwannoma) Slow growing benign tumor of the vestibulocochlear nerve, CN VIII Occurs in males and females equally Most often found in those between the ages of 50 and 60. The are the most common intracranial tumor Clinical Presentation Sudden onset of unilateral hearing loss that is then slowly progressive Episodic or continuous […]

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External Ear Cerumen Impaction Ear wax built up in the external ear canal Cerumen can be impacted by the patients use of a cotton swab Clinical Presentation Routine office visit Progressive hearing loss Labs, Studies and Physical Exam Findings Otoscope exam reveals cerumen in the ear canal Hearing test comparing both ears Treatment Solvents may […]

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This week I’m bringing you an amazing person and an amazing interview. The interview with Alana in Episode 061 about her first failing and then passing her PANCE was so good I decided to put together another interview. This week, for the second ever interview on the PAER podcast, I have an amazing member of […]

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Vascular disorders Retinal Artery Occlusion Causes & Predisposing Factors Clot Sclerosis HTN DM Atrial Fibrillation Temporal arteritis Clinical Presentation ACUTE vision loss Partial Complete NO PAIN Labs, Studies and Physical Exam Findings Fundal exam Optic atrophy Pale disc Cherry red spot – its actually that the rest of the retina is pale Boxcarring- narrowing of […]

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Blowout Fracture A fracture of the orbit Clinical Presentation “I got my face smashed in!” Ecchymosis Difficulty with vertical eye movement Diplopia Infraorbital anesthesia secondary to trauma to the infraorbital nerve Swelling Subconjunctival hemorrhage Labs, Studies and Physical Exam Findings X-ray – orbital floor fracture may show Teardrop sign. This is herniated orbital contents. Get […]

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