In this episode of our German Reformation series, Dr. James Spencer and Dr. Greg Quiggle pivot to one of the defining features of Protestant tradition: the Reformation Solas—and why they still matter for Christians today.

Rather than beginning with a list of “five solas,” Greg frames the Reformation around three theological questions that generated the solas:

1. What is the Church? (ecclesiology)
2. How am I saved / how do I stand before God? (soteriology)
3. Who or what has ultimate authority to define belief and practice? (authority)

From there, Greg explains the contrast between 16th-century Roman Catholic and 16th-century Protestant answers—especially the difference between church-as-organization (a hierarchical structure) and church-as-organism (the priesthood of all believers). That “priesthood” isn’t only about rights; it also includes responsibility—the idea that ministry is not a spectator sport, and that clergy exist chiefly to equip the saints through the Office of the Word.

The conversation then traces how the solas flow from these questions:

• Sola Scriptura (Scripture alone as final authority)
• Sola Fide (justification by faith alone)
• Solus Christus (Christ alone)
• and how these reshape Protestant ideas of salvation, grace, and the church’s mediating role.

James also presses into a key modern confusion: “Bible alone” does not mean “my interpretation alone.” Both hosts argue that the Reformation assumed a teaching office, catechesis, and doctrinal boundaries—something many modern churches have lost. They connect this to contemporary debates about faith as mere intellectual assent versus faith as a way of lifemarked by trust, repentance, and fidelity.

This episode includes discussion of:

• The three Reformation questions behind the solas
• Church as organism vs. church as organization
• Priesthood of all believers: rights and responsibilities
• The “Office of the Word” and why it still matters
• Catholic sacramental mediation vs. Protestant justification by faith
• Why authority (Sola Scriptura) is the “non-negotiable” dividing line
• Faith as lived trust and repentance—beyond a one-time decision
• Why modern American Protestant individualism isn’t the same as Reformation Protestantism

Quotelos Travel offers small, expert-led “Tours for Ten” that provide an intimate and unforgettable way to explore church history and culture with guides who truly know the locations. Learn more at quotelostravelservice.com, and check out their upcoming trips to Germany, England, and Switzerland.

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To read James's article on this topic, check out his author page on Christianity.com.

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